拉深筋对板料后续成形性能影响的实验研究
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摘要
板材成形是材料加工技术中的重要分支之一。随着工业和经济的发展,板材成形件的形状和尺寸精度的要求日益提高。拉深筋作为控制板材成形的重要手段,日益受到广大学者和生产厂家的重视。目前有关拉深筋的研究工作已取得了长足的发展,但对于拉深筋对板材的后续成形性能影响的研究尚十分欠缺。
本文首先采用单因素轮换法,通过大量实验和对实验结果的分析,总结出半圆形拉深筋的结构、几何参数对板料通过拉深筋的阻力、板料预变形量、板厚减薄量、后续屈服极限、后续强度极限、后续延伸率的影响规律,得出几何参数的优选范围;然后利用正交试验设计的方法对半圆形、梯形拉深筋进行实验研究,通过对实验结果的分析,总结出拉深筋(半圆形、梯形)的结构、几何参数对拉深筋阻力、板料的变形及后续成形性能影响的强弱程度,以及拉深筋(半圆形、梯形)的结构、几何参数对板料通过拉深筋的阻力、板料预变形量、板厚减薄量、后续屈服极限、后续强度极、后续延伸率的影响趋势,为拉深筋的设计和调整提供了理论依据。
本文在上述工作的基础上,进一步分析了超深冲钢板BUFDE+Z通过半圆形拉深筋、梯形拉深筋后的预变形量与拉深筋阻力、后续屈服极限、后续强度极限及后续延伸率的关系。
Sheet forming is one of the important branchs of material processing. As industry and economy developing, the shape and dimension precision of sheet metal part must need higher demand. As a important means of control sheet forming, drawbead is focused on by more and more scholars and manufactures. At present, the research on drawbead has obtained some progress,but the study on its effection on deformation and subsequent forming properties of sheet metal is deficient.
First,this paper used single-factor rotation method,summarized the structure and geometric paramenters of circle drawbead impact on the force of sheet matel through drawbead,predeformation of sheet matel,thickness reduction, subsequent yieled linit,subsequent strength linit, subsequent elongation percentage by analysising a large number of experiments and experimental results. Draw the preferred range of geometric paramenters.Then made experiments study of circle drawbead and trapezium drawbead by orthogonal experimental design method.Based on the analysising of experimental results,summarized the level of imapct strength that the structure and geometric paramenters of drawbead(circle,trapezium) impact on drawbead restraing force,deformation and subsequent forming performance of matel,and draw the effect tendency of the structure and geometric paramenters of drawbead(circle,trapezium) impact on the force of sheet matel through drawbead,predeformation of sheet matel,thickness reduction,subsequent yieled linit,subsequent strength linit,subsequent elongation percentage. Provides a theoretical basis for drawbead design and adjustment.
Based on above-mentioned work,this paper further analysis the ralationship of extra deep drawing sheet steel BUFDE+Z between predeformation which went through circle drawbead and trapezium drawbead and drawbead restraing force,subsequent yieled limit, subsequent strength limit and subsequent elongation percentage.
本文首先采用单因素轮换法,通过大量实验和对实验结果的分析,总结出半圆形拉深筋的结构、几何参数对板料通过拉深筋的阻力、板料预变形量、板厚减薄量、后续屈服极限、后续强度极限、后续延伸率的影响规律,得出几何参数的优选范围;然后利用正交试验设计的方法对半圆形、梯形拉深筋进行实验研究,通过对实验结果的分析,总结出拉深筋(半圆形、梯形)的结构、几何参数对拉深筋阻力、板料的变形及后续成形性能影响的强弱程度,以及拉深筋(半圆形、梯形)的结构、几何参数对板料通过拉深筋的阻力、板料预变形量、板厚减薄量、后续屈服极限、后续强度极、后续延伸率的影响趋势,为拉深筋的设计和调整提供了理论依据。
本文在上述工作的基础上,进一步分析了超深冲钢板BUFDE+Z通过半圆形拉深筋、梯形拉深筋后的预变形量与拉深筋阻力、后续屈服极限、后续强度极限及后续延伸率的关系。
Sheet forming is one of the important branchs of material processing. As industry and economy developing, the shape and dimension precision of sheet metal part must need higher demand. As a important means of control sheet forming, drawbead is focused on by more and more scholars and manufactures. At present, the research on drawbead has obtained some progress,but the study on its effection on deformation and subsequent forming properties of sheet metal is deficient.
First,this paper used single-factor rotation method,summarized the structure and geometric paramenters of circle drawbead impact on the force of sheet matel through drawbead,predeformation of sheet matel,thickness reduction, subsequent yieled linit,subsequent strength linit, subsequent elongation percentage by analysising a large number of experiments and experimental results. Draw the preferred range of geometric paramenters.Then made experiments study of circle drawbead and trapezium drawbead by orthogonal experimental design method.Based on the analysising of experimental results,summarized the level of imapct strength that the structure and geometric paramenters of drawbead(circle,trapezium) impact on drawbead restraing force,deformation and subsequent forming performance of matel,and draw the effect tendency of the structure and geometric paramenters of drawbead(circle,trapezium) impact on the force of sheet matel through drawbead,predeformation of sheet matel,thickness reduction,subsequent yieled linit,subsequent strength linit,subsequent elongation percentage. Provides a theoretical basis for drawbead design and adjustment.
Based on above-mentioned work,this paper further analysis the ralationship of extra deep drawing sheet steel BUFDE+Z between predeformation which went through circle drawbead and trapezium drawbead and drawbead restraing force,subsequent yieled limit, subsequent strength limit and subsequent elongation percentage.
引文
1李硕本,于连仲,杨玉英.冲压变形的基本规律.冲压基本理论研究论文集.哈尔滨工业大学学术情报科, 1981:14-32
2余海燕,陈关龙,张卫刚,等.板料成形技术中拉深筋的研究进展[J].塑性工程学报, 2004,11(3): 79
3金淼,郭华英.拉深筋对板厚减薄量的影响[J].塑性工程学报, 2006,13(3):88
4徐丙坤,施法中.拉深筋约束阻力的一种解析计算方法.锻压技术, 2001,26(6):11-13
5朱勇建,那景新,闫亚坤,等.应用直接法求解拉延筋约束力.吉林大学学报(工学版) , 2003,33(1):92-97
6李淑慧,林忠钦,包友霞,等.改进的等效拉延筋阻力模型及其应用.中国机械工程, 2002,13(7):558-561
7 Weidemann.The blankholder action of drawbeads.In:Proc.of 10th Biennial IDDRG Congress,1978:79-84
8 H Naceur, Y Q Guo, J L Baotz,C Knopf Lenoir. Optimization of drawbead restraining force and drawbead design in sheet metal forming process. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,143:2407-2434
9印雄飞.板料成形中拉延筋模型及其工艺效果的研究:[上海交通大学博士学位论文].1999:1-13
10 J.Cao,M.C.Boyce. Draw bead penetration as a control element of material flow. SAE Trans of Materials&Manufacturing,1993:694-702
11 Carleer B D,Meinders T, Hu tink H.Equivalent drawbead model in finite element simulations. Numeriical Sinulations of 3-D Sheet Metal foming Processes,Michigan, USA,1996:25-31
12 T.Meinders, H.J.M.Geijselaers, H.Huetink. Implementation of plastic thickness strain in an equalent drawbead model based on a penalty constraint method.Simulation of materials processing:theory,methods and applications,1998:911-916
13叶又,三维板料成形数值模拟技术及起皱和拉深筋模型的研究:[上海交通大学工学博士学位论文].1998,34-56
14王永志.等效拉深筋处理技术研究及FEMStamping仿真系统建立.[哈尔滨工业大学博士学位论文].2003,23-46
15郭玉琴,姜虹,王小椿.一种等效拉延筋模型的建立及实现.中国机械工程,2006, NO10:1843-1847
16 C.Weidemann.The Blankholding Action of Drawbeads. Sheet Metal Industries, 1978(9): 984-989
17 N.M.Wang.A mathematical model of drawbead forces in sheet metal forming.Journal of applied metalworking,1982,2(3):193-199
18 T.B.Stoughton.Model of drawbead forces in sheet metal forming.Processing of 15th iennial IDDRG congress,1988, (5):205-215
19 S.Kluge.Spannungsuberlagerung durch einsatz von zichstaben beim umformen unregelmabiger blehteile. Blech rohre profile,1992:117-123
20史东才,郭成,程羽,等.深筋约束力模型及试验研究,西安交通大学学报,2006,Vol.40(No.7):819~822
21李良福.拉深筋时凸缘在拉深筋内的拉力计算.锻压技术,1998 (1):20-22
22李大永,胡平,李运兴.拉深筋阻力的一种简便解析模型.机械工程学报, 2000,36(5)
23 Jakumeit J,Herdy M and Nitsche M. Parameter optimization of the sheet metal forming prosess using an iterative parallel Kriging algorithm. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2005,29(6):1615-1488
24 NACEUR H,GUO Y Q,BATOZ J L. Blank optimization in sheet metal forming using an evolutionary algorithm. Jourmal of materials processing technology,2004, 15(3):183-191
25 Naceur H,Guo YQ, Batoz JL,Knopf-Lenoir C,Optimization of drawbead restraining forces and drawbead design in sheet metal forming process.International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,43(10):2407-2434
26 Hillmann M,Kubli W.Optimization of sheet metal forming processes using simulation programs.In:Proce.of NUMISHEET, 1999, 287-292
27 Schenk Olaf,Hillmann Matthias.Optimal design of metal forming die surfaces with evolution strategies. Computers Structures, 2004, 82(20-21):1695-1705
28 Jansson T,Andersson A,Nilsson L.Optimization of draw-in for an automotive sheet metal part An evaluation using surrogate models and response surfaces. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2005,159(3):426-434
29 T.Ohata,E Nakamachi and ect.Development of optimum peocess design system by numerical simulation.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1996,60:543-548
30包友霞.车身覆盖件冲压成形中拉深筋的优化设计方法研究. [上海交通大学博士学位论文].2000,30-42
31胡江波,柳玉起,章志兵.车身覆盖件模具的拉深筋工艺设计和优化.锻压技术,2008,33(1):69-72
32林秀秀,李萍,薛克敏.人工神经网络在覆盖件拉深筋设计中的应用.合肥工业大学学报,2008,31(5):728-731.
33郑刚,李光耀.基于近似模型的拉延筋几何参数反求.机械工程学报, 2006,17(19):1988-1992
34吴小涛.拉深筋反求优化方法研究:[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文].2007,10-40
35 D.H.Lloyd. Sheet metal industry.1966,(43):434-444
36 M.J.Paiter, R.Pearce. Metal flow through a drawbead. Sheet metal Industries, 1976, (7):12-20
37 H.D.Nine. Drawbead force in sheet metal forming. New York Plenum Pres, 1978:179-211
38 H.D.Nine. New drawbead concepts for sheet metal forming. Journal of applied metal working, 1982, 2(3):185-192
39 N.M.Wang, V.C.Shah. Drawbead design and performance. Journal of material shaping Technol, 1991, (9):21-26
40 Demeri.M.Y. Drawbesds in Sheet Matal Forming. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,1993,2(6):863-866
41 John A Schey. Speed effects in drawbead simulation. Journal of Materials Processing Techology, 1996, 57(1-2):146-154
42刑忠文.薄板冲压成形中拉伸筋载荷特性的研究:[哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文].1995,17-50
43杨玉英.板料成形数值模拟中弹塑性有限元方法.冲压加工技术最新发展,1998,15-18
44杨玉英,金朝海,王荣芳,等.拉深筋成形二维弹塑性有限元数值模拟.塑性工程学报, 2001,8(1):31-34
45邢忠文,杨玉英.薄板冲压成形中的拉深筋阻力及其影响因素研究.模具工业,1994,(4):30-33
46董伟,臧顺来等.拉延筋对板料回弹影响的试验研究.模具工业,2007,33(12):17-21
47宋志平,程羽.半圆形拉深筋阻力的试验研究.模具工业,2007,33(11):27-30
48金淼,吴生富,郭宝锋,等.双重拉深筋力能特性的实验研究.中国机械工程,2004, NO4:349-354
49金淼.板材成形中拉深筋的力学性能及影响因素的研究:[燕山大学工学博士学位论文].2000:1-11
50刑宇.拉深筋的力能特性的实验研究.[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文].2006,(13-33)
51金淼,郭宝峰,李群.拉深筋结构参数对变形及阻力的影响.塑性工程学报.2008,15(2):105-108
52李群,郭宝峰,金淼.基于虚拟仪器的无摩擦拉深筋力学性能试验系统[J],传感技术学报,2007,20(7):1666-1668
53杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇.LabVIEW高级程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:89-105
54李硕本,金淼.冲压工艺理论与新技术.北京:机械工业出版社, 2002:120-145
55金淼,郭宝峰.半圆形拉深筋尺寸参数对其阻力的影响.塑性工程学报, 2003,10(1):32-35
56王军,邵文龙.旋转卡板精冲连续复合膜结构的改进[J].模具工业,2001,(8):23-24
57李云燕,胡传荣.试验设计与数据处理.北京:化学工业出版社,2005:83-85
58王孝培.冲压手册[K].北京:机械工业出版社,1990:233-239
2余海燕,陈关龙,张卫刚,等.板料成形技术中拉深筋的研究进展[J].塑性工程学报, 2004,11(3): 79
3金淼,郭华英.拉深筋对板厚减薄量的影响[J].塑性工程学报, 2006,13(3):88
4徐丙坤,施法中.拉深筋约束阻力的一种解析计算方法.锻压技术, 2001,26(6):11-13
5朱勇建,那景新,闫亚坤,等.应用直接法求解拉延筋约束力.吉林大学学报(工学版) , 2003,33(1):92-97
6李淑慧,林忠钦,包友霞,等.改进的等效拉延筋阻力模型及其应用.中国机械工程, 2002,13(7):558-561
7 Weidemann.The blankholder action of drawbeads.In:Proc.of 10th Biennial IDDRG Congress,1978:79-84
8 H Naceur, Y Q Guo, J L Baotz,C Knopf Lenoir. Optimization of drawbead restraining force and drawbead design in sheet metal forming process. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,143:2407-2434
9印雄飞.板料成形中拉延筋模型及其工艺效果的研究:[上海交通大学博士学位论文].1999:1-13
10 J.Cao,M.C.Boyce. Draw bead penetration as a control element of material flow. SAE Trans of Materials&Manufacturing,1993:694-702
11 Carleer B D,Meinders T, Hu tink H.Equivalent drawbead model in finite element simulations. Numeriical Sinulations of 3-D Sheet Metal foming Processes,Michigan, USA,1996:25-31
12 T.Meinders, H.J.M.Geijselaers, H.Huetink. Implementation of plastic thickness strain in an equalent drawbead model based on a penalty constraint method.Simulation of materials processing:theory,methods and applications,1998:911-916
13叶又,三维板料成形数值模拟技术及起皱和拉深筋模型的研究:[上海交通大学工学博士学位论文].1998,34-56
14王永志.等效拉深筋处理技术研究及FEMStamping仿真系统建立.[哈尔滨工业大学博士学位论文].2003,23-46
15郭玉琴,姜虹,王小椿.一种等效拉延筋模型的建立及实现.中国机械工程,2006, NO10:1843-1847
16 C.Weidemann.The Blankholding Action of Drawbeads. Sheet Metal Industries, 1978(9): 984-989
17 N.M.Wang.A mathematical model of drawbead forces in sheet metal forming.Journal of applied metalworking,1982,2(3):193-199
18 T.B.Stoughton.Model of drawbead forces in sheet metal forming.Processing of 15th iennial IDDRG congress,1988, (5):205-215
19 S.Kluge.Spannungsuberlagerung durch einsatz von zichstaben beim umformen unregelmabiger blehteile. Blech rohre profile,1992:117-123
20史东才,郭成,程羽,等.深筋约束力模型及试验研究,西安交通大学学报,2006,Vol.40(No.7):819~822
21李良福.拉深筋时凸缘在拉深筋内的拉力计算.锻压技术,1998 (1):20-22
22李大永,胡平,李运兴.拉深筋阻力的一种简便解析模型.机械工程学报, 2000,36(5)
23 Jakumeit J,Herdy M and Nitsche M. Parameter optimization of the sheet metal forming prosess using an iterative parallel Kriging algorithm. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2005,29(6):1615-1488
24 NACEUR H,GUO Y Q,BATOZ J L. Blank optimization in sheet metal forming using an evolutionary algorithm. Jourmal of materials processing technology,2004, 15(3):183-191
25 Naceur H,Guo YQ, Batoz JL,Knopf-Lenoir C,Optimization of drawbead restraining forces and drawbead design in sheet metal forming process.International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,43(10):2407-2434
26 Hillmann M,Kubli W.Optimization of sheet metal forming processes using simulation programs.In:Proce.of NUMISHEET, 1999, 287-292
27 Schenk Olaf,Hillmann Matthias.Optimal design of metal forming die surfaces with evolution strategies. Computers Structures, 2004, 82(20-21):1695-1705
28 Jansson T,Andersson A,Nilsson L.Optimization of draw-in for an automotive sheet metal part An evaluation using surrogate models and response surfaces. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2005,159(3):426-434
29 T.Ohata,E Nakamachi and ect.Development of optimum peocess design system by numerical simulation.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1996,60:543-548
30包友霞.车身覆盖件冲压成形中拉深筋的优化设计方法研究. [上海交通大学博士学位论文].2000,30-42
31胡江波,柳玉起,章志兵.车身覆盖件模具的拉深筋工艺设计和优化.锻压技术,2008,33(1):69-72
32林秀秀,李萍,薛克敏.人工神经网络在覆盖件拉深筋设计中的应用.合肥工业大学学报,2008,31(5):728-731.
33郑刚,李光耀.基于近似模型的拉延筋几何参数反求.机械工程学报, 2006,17(19):1988-1992
34吴小涛.拉深筋反求优化方法研究:[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文].2007,10-40
35 D.H.Lloyd. Sheet metal industry.1966,(43):434-444
36 M.J.Paiter, R.Pearce. Metal flow through a drawbead. Sheet metal Industries, 1976, (7):12-20
37 H.D.Nine. Drawbead force in sheet metal forming. New York Plenum Pres, 1978:179-211
38 H.D.Nine. New drawbead concepts for sheet metal forming. Journal of applied metal working, 1982, 2(3):185-192
39 N.M.Wang, V.C.Shah. Drawbead design and performance. Journal of material shaping Technol, 1991, (9):21-26
40 Demeri.M.Y. Drawbesds in Sheet Matal Forming. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,1993,2(6):863-866
41 John A Schey. Speed effects in drawbead simulation. Journal of Materials Processing Techology, 1996, 57(1-2):146-154
42刑忠文.薄板冲压成形中拉伸筋载荷特性的研究:[哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文].1995,17-50
43杨玉英.板料成形数值模拟中弹塑性有限元方法.冲压加工技术最新发展,1998,15-18
44杨玉英,金朝海,王荣芳,等.拉深筋成形二维弹塑性有限元数值模拟.塑性工程学报, 2001,8(1):31-34
45邢忠文,杨玉英.薄板冲压成形中的拉深筋阻力及其影响因素研究.模具工业,1994,(4):30-33
46董伟,臧顺来等.拉延筋对板料回弹影响的试验研究.模具工业,2007,33(12):17-21
47宋志平,程羽.半圆形拉深筋阻力的试验研究.模具工业,2007,33(11):27-30
48金淼,吴生富,郭宝锋,等.双重拉深筋力能特性的实验研究.中国机械工程,2004, NO4:349-354
49金淼.板材成形中拉深筋的力学性能及影响因素的研究:[燕山大学工学博士学位论文].2000:1-11
50刑宇.拉深筋的力能特性的实验研究.[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文].2006,(13-33)
51金淼,郭宝峰,李群.拉深筋结构参数对变形及阻力的影响.塑性工程学报.2008,15(2):105-108
52李群,郭宝峰,金淼.基于虚拟仪器的无摩擦拉深筋力学性能试验系统[J],传感技术学报,2007,20(7):1666-1668
53杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇.LabVIEW高级程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:89-105
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