电能质量复合调节装置控制策略及接入系统技术研究
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摘要
近年来,电能质量问题得到越来越广泛的关注,电力系统的无功、谐波以及不对称问题一直是人们关注的焦点。在电能质量复合调节装置控制策略及接入系统技术研究中,本文所做的工作如下:
全面分析了基于级联多电平逆变器的电能质量复合调节装置(PQCC)及其控制策略。该PQCC结构上采用具有独立直流源的级联H桥多电平逆变器,每个H桥单元结构相同、易于实现电路的模块化设计和封装以及装置的大容量化;在控制策略方面,电压质量调节装置(VQC)和电流质量调节装置(CQC)均采用电压外环加电流内环的双闭环反馈控制。VQC采用负荷电压瞬时值作为外环控制,确保负荷电压能够快速跟踪参考电压,保证装置具有较快的响应速度;而将滤波电容器电流作为内环控制,以提高装置对系统参数及负荷的独立性,确保在各种负荷工况下装置的稳定运行。CQC电压外环的作用是控制装置的直流侧电压,使其稳定在给定值;电流内环的作用是按补偿电流指令进行电流控制,使补偿电流跟踪其指令信号变化,确保装置具有良好的补偿效果。MATLAB仿真验证了该系统结构和控制策略的实用性、有效性。
对电能质量复合调节装置接入系统技术进行了仿真研究,主要研究内容有:装置正常运行、系统故障以及装置本身故障时的响应特性。本文首次分析了10kV电压等级下基于级联多电平逆变器结构的PQCC在系统故障情况下的响应特性。对于VQC,仿真研究了负荷侧故障时无限流电抗器和采用附加电抗器两种情况,验证了装置的故障电流限制功能;研究了装置和继电保护及自动化系统配合的问题,指出装置的故障电流限制功能及其本身的保护策略应和相应线路的继电保护配合,装置的运行及调度应纳入相应的配电自动化系统。对装置故障时的响应特性进行了分析,对于不同的故障情况,装置应有不同的响应特性。对于CQC,装置应具备负荷侧短路故障的判定功能,并和线路继电保护及自动化系统进行相关通信。当装置逆变器发生故障时,装置立即按事先设定的程序退出运行,同时封锁触发脉冲。
Power quality problem pays more and more attention in recent years. Reactive power, harmonic and asymmetry are always the focus points which people concerns. This paper works to research the control strategies of power quality composite conditioner (PQCC) and the technology connected with power system, including following contents:
This paper analyzes a power quality composite conditioner (PQCC) based on cascaded multilevel inverter and its control strategy. The cascaded multilevel inverter adopted with separated DC sources is constructed with a number of identical H-bridges inverters, not only simplifies hardware manufacturability, but also makes the whole device flexible in terms of power capability. The control method of the outer voltage loop and inner current loop is used by voltage quality conditioner (VQC) and current quality conditioner (CQC). In the VQC, the instantaneous value of load voltage acts as outer loop control to ensure load voltage fast tracking reference voltage. An inner filter capacitor current loop is used to improve the independence of the device and ensure the device running stably in various working condition. In the CQC, the outer voltage loop is controlled to steady the DC voltage and reach its given value, and the inner current loop is controlled by compensation current instruction in order to ensure compensation current quickly tracking command signal and a good compensation effect of the device. MATLAB simulation verifies the effectiveness of the structure and control strategy.
This paper researches the technology for the PQCC connected with power system, including the device normal operation, power system faults and device self-faults. The response characteristics of the PQCC based on cascaded multilevel inverter is analyzed firstly with 10kV voltage grade in this paper. The simulation researches the VQC whether or not current-limited reactor and proves the fuction of limited fault currents when load side has faults. It is presented that the fuction of limited fault currents of VQC and its self-protection should match relay protection of relevant line, and the device operation dispatch should bring into distribution automation system. In addition, this paper analyzes response characteristics of VQC self-faults, and indicates that the device should have different response characteristics when it has different faults. The CQC ought have jugement fuction of load side faults, and communicate with relay protection of relevant line and distribution system. For the multilevel inverter faults occurring in the CQC, the device should exit operation immediately according to the program before enchtment and lock the trigger pulse of the inverter.
全面分析了基于级联多电平逆变器的电能质量复合调节装置(PQCC)及其控制策略。该PQCC结构上采用具有独立直流源的级联H桥多电平逆变器,每个H桥单元结构相同、易于实现电路的模块化设计和封装以及装置的大容量化;在控制策略方面,电压质量调节装置(VQC)和电流质量调节装置(CQC)均采用电压外环加电流内环的双闭环反馈控制。VQC采用负荷电压瞬时值作为外环控制,确保负荷电压能够快速跟踪参考电压,保证装置具有较快的响应速度;而将滤波电容器电流作为内环控制,以提高装置对系统参数及负荷的独立性,确保在各种负荷工况下装置的稳定运行。CQC电压外环的作用是控制装置的直流侧电压,使其稳定在给定值;电流内环的作用是按补偿电流指令进行电流控制,使补偿电流跟踪其指令信号变化,确保装置具有良好的补偿效果。MATLAB仿真验证了该系统结构和控制策略的实用性、有效性。
对电能质量复合调节装置接入系统技术进行了仿真研究,主要研究内容有:装置正常运行、系统故障以及装置本身故障时的响应特性。本文首次分析了10kV电压等级下基于级联多电平逆变器结构的PQCC在系统故障情况下的响应特性。对于VQC,仿真研究了负荷侧故障时无限流电抗器和采用附加电抗器两种情况,验证了装置的故障电流限制功能;研究了装置和继电保护及自动化系统配合的问题,指出装置的故障电流限制功能及其本身的保护策略应和相应线路的继电保护配合,装置的运行及调度应纳入相应的配电自动化系统。对装置故障时的响应特性进行了分析,对于不同的故障情况,装置应有不同的响应特性。对于CQC,装置应具备负荷侧短路故障的判定功能,并和线路继电保护及自动化系统进行相关通信。当装置逆变器发生故障时,装置立即按事先设定的程序退出运行,同时封锁触发脉冲。
Power quality problem pays more and more attention in recent years. Reactive power, harmonic and asymmetry are always the focus points which people concerns. This paper works to research the control strategies of power quality composite conditioner (PQCC) and the technology connected with power system, including following contents:
This paper analyzes a power quality composite conditioner (PQCC) based on cascaded multilevel inverter and its control strategy. The cascaded multilevel inverter adopted with separated DC sources is constructed with a number of identical H-bridges inverters, not only simplifies hardware manufacturability, but also makes the whole device flexible in terms of power capability. The control method of the outer voltage loop and inner current loop is used by voltage quality conditioner (VQC) and current quality conditioner (CQC). In the VQC, the instantaneous value of load voltage acts as outer loop control to ensure load voltage fast tracking reference voltage. An inner filter capacitor current loop is used to improve the independence of the device and ensure the device running stably in various working condition. In the CQC, the outer voltage loop is controlled to steady the DC voltage and reach its given value, and the inner current loop is controlled by compensation current instruction in order to ensure compensation current quickly tracking command signal and a good compensation effect of the device. MATLAB simulation verifies the effectiveness of the structure and control strategy.
This paper researches the technology for the PQCC connected with power system, including the device normal operation, power system faults and device self-faults. The response characteristics of the PQCC based on cascaded multilevel inverter is analyzed firstly with 10kV voltage grade in this paper. The simulation researches the VQC whether or not current-limited reactor and proves the fuction of limited fault currents when load side has faults. It is presented that the fuction of limited fault currents of VQC and its self-protection should match relay protection of relevant line, and the device operation dispatch should bring into distribution automation system. In addition, this paper analyzes response characteristics of VQC self-faults, and indicates that the device should have different response characteristics when it has different faults. The CQC ought have jugement fuction of load side faults, and communicate with relay protection of relevant line and distribution system. For the multilevel inverter faults occurring in the CQC, the device should exit operation immediately according to the program before enchtment and lock the trigger pulse of the inverter.
引文
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