针叶小爪螨的生物学特性及其主要天敌的饲养
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摘要
通过室内饲养和野外观察了解针叶小爪螨的生物学特性和空间分布型,得出以下结论:在温度为25±1℃、相对湿度为30%～50%、光照时间L:D=16:8的条件下,针叶小爪螨完成一个世代需19～21 d,卵期4～6 d,幼螨期2～4 d,若螨期6～9 d,成螨期3～6 d。应用几种聚集度指标法以及Taylor的幂法则与Iwao的M*—X直线回归方程测定和分析了针叶小爪螨在油松上的空间分布型,测定结果表明,针叶小爪螨卵呈聚集分布,三足螨呈聚集分布或均匀分布,四足螨呈聚集分布,并利用种群聚集均数(λ)分析了其聚集原因。在此基础上,并提出了最适理论抽样数与最佳序贯抽样模型。
东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri (Poppius)是针叶小爪螨Oligonychus ununguis Jacobi的重要天敌。为更好利用其防治针叶小爪螨,我们研究了它的生物学特性。研究证明在25±1℃下,完成一个世代需20～33 d,其中卵期为1～3 d,1龄若虫期2～4 d,2龄若虫期2～4 d,3龄若虫期2～3 d,4龄若虫期2～3 d,5龄若虫期3～4 d,成虫期6～19 d。东亚小花蝽成虫羽化时间多集中在6:00~10:00 am,羽化当天即可交尾,产卵开始于交尾后的第6 d,产卵高峰期在交尾后的第8 d,一生可产卵42粒/♀。
Biological characteristics and spatial distribution of Oligonychus ununguis was studied by field observation and laboratory rearing. The results showed as following: Totally 19～21 days was needed for the O. ununguis to complete its life circle at the temperature of 25±1℃, 4d～6d for egg, 2d～4d for protonymph, 6d～9d for nymph, 3d～6d for adult. Some methods of aggregated indices and Iwao's way(regressive relation by M*-X)and power law of Taylor were used to test the spatial distribution of O.ununguis.The results showed that the eggs of O.ununguis belong to the pattern of aggregative distribution, the larvae of O.ununguis was the pattern of aggregative or symmetrical distribution, the spatial distribution pattern of the nymph and adult of O.ununguis was aggregative distribution.The cause of their aggregation was tested by Blackith's method.Based on this distribution pattern,a suitable sampling model has been discussed.The model for determining the optimum theoretical sampling number model and the optimum sequential sampling model were proposed.
Orius sauteri (Poppius) is one of the major natural enemy of O. ununguis. The biological characteristics to O.sauteri was studied in order to control O. ununguis well. Totally 20～33 days was needed for the O. sauteri to complete its life circle at the temperature of 25±1℃. 1d～3d for egg, 2d～4d for the 1st instar, 2d～4d for the 2nd instar, 2d～3d for the 3rd instar, 2d～3d for the 4th instar, 3d～4d for the 5th instar, 6d～19d for adult. Adults emerged at 6:00～10:00 am, and copulate soon after the emergence, Oviposition was on the 6th day after copulation. The peak of oviposition was on the 8th day after copulation. An adult could lay 42 eggs in its lifetime.
东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri (Poppius)是针叶小爪螨Oligonychus ununguis Jacobi的重要天敌。为更好利用其防治针叶小爪螨,我们研究了它的生物学特性。研究证明在25±1℃下,完成一个世代需20～33 d,其中卵期为1～3 d,1龄若虫期2～4 d,2龄若虫期2～4 d,3龄若虫期2～3 d,4龄若虫期2～3 d,5龄若虫期3～4 d,成虫期6～19 d。东亚小花蝽成虫羽化时间多集中在6:00~10:00 am,羽化当天即可交尾,产卵开始于交尾后的第6 d,产卵高峰期在交尾后的第8 d,一生可产卵42粒/♀。
Biological characteristics and spatial distribution of Oligonychus ununguis was studied by field observation and laboratory rearing. The results showed as following: Totally 19～21 days was needed for the O. ununguis to complete its life circle at the temperature of 25±1℃, 4d～6d for egg, 2d～4d for protonymph, 6d～9d for nymph, 3d～6d for adult. Some methods of aggregated indices and Iwao's way(regressive relation by M*-X)and power law of Taylor were used to test the spatial distribution of O.ununguis.The results showed that the eggs of O.ununguis belong to the pattern of aggregative distribution, the larvae of O.ununguis was the pattern of aggregative or symmetrical distribution, the spatial distribution pattern of the nymph and adult of O.ununguis was aggregative distribution.The cause of their aggregation was tested by Blackith's method.Based on this distribution pattern,a suitable sampling model has been discussed.The model for determining the optimum theoretical sampling number model and the optimum sequential sampling model were proposed.
Orius sauteri (Poppius) is one of the major natural enemy of O. ununguis. The biological characteristics to O.sauteri was studied in order to control O. ununguis well. Totally 20～33 days was needed for the O. sauteri to complete its life circle at the temperature of 25±1℃. 1d～3d for egg, 2d～4d for the 1st instar, 2d～4d for the 2nd instar, 2d～3d for the 3rd instar, 2d～3d for the 4th instar, 3d～4d for the 5th instar, 6d～19d for adult. Adults emerged at 6:00～10:00 am, and copulate soon after the emergence, Oviposition was on the 6th day after copulation. The peak of oviposition was on the 8th day after copulation. An adult could lay 42 eggs in its lifetime.
引文
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