基于IEEE 802.21的异构多跳网络研究
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摘要
网络融合是未来无线通信的发展趋势,而终端的无缝切换和覆盖是异构网络中的关键问题。IEEE 802.21标准能够实现异构网络中的移动管理,它利用媒介独立切换(MIH)功能模块实现独立于介质的切换方案,无需修改现有的PHY和MAC层,也不需要上层的移动协议,便可实现无缝切换。
首先,针对由IEEE 802.16(WiMAX)和IEEE 802.11(WLAN)组成的异构网,本文提出将多跳网络结构与该网络相结合,利用多跳网络结构增加IEEE 802.11WLAN的覆盖范围。基于IEEE 802.11s协议实现了骨干网多跳的节点构建与管理,通过搭建实际测试环境实现了FIT MP单mesh和双mesh两种不同方式的组网应用,并给出了多跳网络的管理方法。
其次,根据多跳网络的特点,在IEEE 802.21中增加新的原语,并修改了帧结构,使其适用于该异构多跳网的移动管理。根据不同的MIH消息传输方式和判决策略,重点分析了移动节点控制切换和网络控制切换两种方式。
最后,利用NS2仿真了基于IEEE 802.21的异构多跳网的切换过程,结果表明,IEEE 802.21能够成功实现异构多跳网的移动管理。在终端移动速度为10m/s,由WLAN到WiMAX的切换时延不超过33毫秒,丢包不超过2个,由WiMAX到WLAN的切换时延不超过8毫秒,没有丢包。
Network convergence is the main tendency of the future wireless communications,where the seamless handoff and ubiquitous coverage are the key contents.IEEE 802.12 protocol can complete the task of mobility management in heterogeneous network using a Media Independent Handover function(MIH) between Layer 2(MAC layer) and Layer 3(NET layer),which facilitate the seamless handoff without modifying PHY and MAC layers as well as the upper mobile protocol.
Firstly,a new network structure is proposed to improve the coverage of the heterogeneous network composed of IEEE 802.16(WiMAX) and IEEE 802.11 (WLAN).The structure combines heterogeneous network with mutli-hop WLAN,thus enhancing the coverage of WLAN.Based on IEEE 802.21s protocol,nodes are established and managed in multi-hop backbone network.FIT MP with single mesh and double meshes are examined in a real network environment.And the management of multi-hop network is also presented.
Secondly,according to the characteristics of multi-hop network,new primitives are augmented,and the frame structure is adapted to the mobility management in the multi-hop heterogeneous network.Mobile node controlled handoff and network controlled handoff are typically analyzed with respect to transmissions of MIH message and decision strategy.
Finally,the handoff process is simulated in the IEEE 802.21 based multi-hop heterogeneous network with NS2.Simulation results show the success of the mobility management of IEEE 802.21 protocol in the network.With velocity of 10 m/s of the mobile terminal,the handoff delay is no more than 33 ms and the number of lost packets is no more than 2;when handoff inversely,the corresponding delay and lost packet number are no more than 8 ms and zero,respectively.
首先,针对由IEEE 802.16(WiMAX)和IEEE 802.11(WLAN)组成的异构网,本文提出将多跳网络结构与该网络相结合,利用多跳网络结构增加IEEE 802.11WLAN的覆盖范围。基于IEEE 802.11s协议实现了骨干网多跳的节点构建与管理,通过搭建实际测试环境实现了FIT MP单mesh和双mesh两种不同方式的组网应用,并给出了多跳网络的管理方法。
其次,根据多跳网络的特点,在IEEE 802.21中增加新的原语,并修改了帧结构,使其适用于该异构多跳网的移动管理。根据不同的MIH消息传输方式和判决策略,重点分析了移动节点控制切换和网络控制切换两种方式。
最后,利用NS2仿真了基于IEEE 802.21的异构多跳网的切换过程,结果表明,IEEE 802.21能够成功实现异构多跳网的移动管理。在终端移动速度为10m/s,由WLAN到WiMAX的切换时延不超过33毫秒,丢包不超过2个,由WiMAX到WLAN的切换时延不超过8毫秒,没有丢包。
Network convergence is the main tendency of the future wireless communications,where the seamless handoff and ubiquitous coverage are the key contents.IEEE 802.12 protocol can complete the task of mobility management in heterogeneous network using a Media Independent Handover function(MIH) between Layer 2(MAC layer) and Layer 3(NET layer),which facilitate the seamless handoff without modifying PHY and MAC layers as well as the upper mobile protocol.
Firstly,a new network structure is proposed to improve the coverage of the heterogeneous network composed of IEEE 802.16(WiMAX) and IEEE 802.11 (WLAN).The structure combines heterogeneous network with mutli-hop WLAN,thus enhancing the coverage of WLAN.Based on IEEE 802.21s protocol,nodes are established and managed in multi-hop backbone network.FIT MP with single mesh and double meshes are examined in a real network environment.And the management of multi-hop network is also presented.
Secondly,according to the characteristics of multi-hop network,new primitives are augmented,and the frame structure is adapted to the mobility management in the multi-hop heterogeneous network.Mobile node controlled handoff and network controlled handoff are typically analyzed with respect to transmissions of MIH message and decision strategy.
Finally,the handoff process is simulated in the IEEE 802.21 based multi-hop heterogeneous network with NS2.Simulation results show the success of the mobility management of IEEE 802.21 protocol in the network.With velocity of 10 m/s of the mobile terminal,the handoff delay is no more than 33 ms and the number of lost packets is no more than 2;when handoff inversely,the corresponding delay and lost packet number are no more than 8 ms and zero,respectively.
引文
[1]Vivek Gupta IEEE P802.21 Tutorial http://www.ieee802.org/21/July,2006
[2]"Draft IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks:Media Independent Handover Services(Draft05)," IEEE,May 2007.
[3]LES EASTWOOD AND SCOTT MIGALDI,"Mobility using IEEE 802.21 in a heterogeneous IEEE802.16/802.11-based,IMT-ADVANCED(4G) NETWORK." IEEE Wireless Communication,April,2008,Page(s):26-34
[4]ANTONIO DE LA OLIVA,ALBERT BANCHS,"An Overview of IEEE 802.21:Media-Independent handover services" IEEE Wireless Communication,August 2008,Page(s):96-103
[5]Jared Stein,"Survey of IEEE802.21 Media Independent Handover Services"http:Huserfs.cec.wustl.edu/%7Ejws2/mihs/index.htm April 2006
[6]金镝 孙姬“异构无线网络间的无缝移动技术”Telecommunications Network Technology No.10 Oct,2007 Page(s):12-16
[7]Joo-Young Baek,Deok-Jin Kim,and Young-Joo Suh "Network-initiated Handover Based on EEE 802.21Framework for QoS Service Continuity in UMTS/802.16e Networks" Vehicular Technology Conference,2008.VTC Spring 2008.IEEE May 2008,Page(s):2157-2161
[8]A.De la Oliva et al.,"A Case Study:.IEEE 802.21 Enabled Mobile Terminals for Optimized WLAN/3G Handovers," SIGMOBILE Mob.Comp.Commun.Rev.11,2,Apr.2007,Page(s):29-40.
[9]Yoshihiro Ohba,Marc Meylemans,Subir Das "802.21-IEEE-Security_Tutorial"http://www.ieee802.org/21/March 2008
[10]L.B.Le and E.Hossain,"Multihop cellular Networks:potential Gains,research challenges,and a resource allocation framework" IEEE communications Magazine September 2007,Page(s):66-73
[11]R.Draves,J.Padhye,and B.Zill,"Routing in multi-radio,multi-hop wireless mesh networks,"in Proc.ACM MobiCom,2004.
[12]Rayner,K."MESH wireless networking."IEEE Communications Engineer,Oct.Nov.2003,1(5) Page(s):44-47
[13]K.Duffy,D.J.LeithI "Modeling 802.11 MESH networks" IEEE,communications letter.Aug.2006 Vol.10,No.8,Page(s):635-637,
[14]Naidoo,K.;Sewsunker,R."802.11 MESH modes provides runal coverage at low cost" IEEE CNF:AFRICON 2007 26-28 Sept.2007 Page(s):1-7
[15]Hiertz,G.R.;Max,S.;Rui Zhao;Denteneer,D.;Berlemann,L."Principles oflEEE 802.11s"Computer Communication and Networks,2007.Proceedings of 16th International Conference on 13-16 Aug.2007 pages:1002-1007
[16]方旭明 《下一代无线因特网技术:无线MESH多跳网络》人民邮电出版社,2006.Page(s):20-67
[17]田峰 “基于Mesh技术的网络融合与协同中兴通信技术”Jun.2008.Vol 14 No.3Page(s):15-17
[18]彭木根,王文博“基于协同机理的下一代宽带无线通信系统”数据通信,2007(2):Page(s):1-5
[19]单瑛 朱晓东“IEEE 802.11s的MAC协议相关研究”数据通信,2005(5):Page(s):25-29
[20]柯志亨;程荣祥;邓德隽《NS2仿真实验—多媒体和无线网络通信》电子工业出版社2009年2月Page(s):1-17
[21]于斌 孙斌 温暖 王绘丽 陈江峰《NS2与网络模拟》人民邮电出版社2007年4月第一版Page(s):1-22
[22]方路平 刘世华 等《NS-2网络模拟基础与应用》国防工业出版社2007年Page(s):1-30
[23]MobiWan:NS-2 extensions to study mobility in Wide-Area IPv6 Networks,http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/pub/mobiwan/
[24]R.Rouil-Draft 1.1,"The Network Simulator NS-2 NIST add-on MAC 802.11",June 2007,http://www.antd.nist.gov/seamlessandsecure/download.htm
[25]The National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST).http://www.antd.nist.gov/seamlessandsecure/doc.html
[2]"Draft IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks:Media Independent Handover Services(Draft05)," IEEE,May 2007.
[3]LES EASTWOOD AND SCOTT MIGALDI,"Mobility using IEEE 802.21 in a heterogeneous IEEE802.16/802.11-based,IMT-ADVANCED(4G) NETWORK." IEEE Wireless Communication,April,2008,Page(s):26-34
[4]ANTONIO DE LA OLIVA,ALBERT BANCHS,"An Overview of IEEE 802.21:Media-Independent handover services" IEEE Wireless Communication,August 2008,Page(s):96-103
[5]Jared Stein,"Survey of IEEE802.21 Media Independent Handover Services"http:Huserfs.cec.wustl.edu/%7Ejws2/mihs/index.htm April 2006
[6]金镝 孙姬“异构无线网络间的无缝移动技术”Telecommunications Network Technology No.10 Oct,2007 Page(s):12-16
[7]Joo-Young Baek,Deok-Jin Kim,and Young-Joo Suh "Network-initiated Handover Based on EEE 802.21Framework for QoS Service Continuity in UMTS/802.16e Networks" Vehicular Technology Conference,2008.VTC Spring 2008.IEEE May 2008,Page(s):2157-2161
[8]A.De la Oliva et al.,"A Case Study:.IEEE 802.21 Enabled Mobile Terminals for Optimized WLAN/3G Handovers," SIGMOBILE Mob.Comp.Commun.Rev.11,2,Apr.2007,Page(s):29-40.
[9]Yoshihiro Ohba,Marc Meylemans,Subir Das "802.21-IEEE-Security_Tutorial"http://www.ieee802.org/21/March 2008
[10]L.B.Le and E.Hossain,"Multihop cellular Networks:potential Gains,research challenges,and a resource allocation framework" IEEE communications Magazine September 2007,Page(s):66-73
[11]R.Draves,J.Padhye,and B.Zill,"Routing in multi-radio,multi-hop wireless mesh networks,"in Proc.ACM MobiCom,2004.
[12]Rayner,K."MESH wireless networking."IEEE Communications Engineer,Oct.Nov.2003,1(5) Page(s):44-47
[13]K.Duffy,D.J.LeithI "Modeling 802.11 MESH networks" IEEE,communications letter.Aug.2006 Vol.10,No.8,Page(s):635-637,
[14]Naidoo,K.;Sewsunker,R."802.11 MESH modes provides runal coverage at low cost" IEEE CNF:AFRICON 2007 26-28 Sept.2007 Page(s):1-7
[15]Hiertz,G.R.;Max,S.;Rui Zhao;Denteneer,D.;Berlemann,L."Principles oflEEE 802.11s"Computer Communication and Networks,2007.Proceedings of 16th International Conference on 13-16 Aug.2007 pages:1002-1007
[16]方旭明 《下一代无线因特网技术:无线MESH多跳网络》人民邮电出版社,2006.Page(s):20-67
[17]田峰 “基于Mesh技术的网络融合与协同中兴通信技术”Jun.2008.Vol 14 No.3Page(s):15-17
[18]彭木根,王文博“基于协同机理的下一代宽带无线通信系统”数据通信,2007(2):Page(s):1-5
[19]单瑛 朱晓东“IEEE 802.11s的MAC协议相关研究”数据通信,2005(5):Page(s):25-29
[20]柯志亨;程荣祥;邓德隽《NS2仿真实验—多媒体和无线网络通信》电子工业出版社2009年2月Page(s):1-17
[21]于斌 孙斌 温暖 王绘丽 陈江峰《NS2与网络模拟》人民邮电出版社2007年4月第一版Page(s):1-22
[22]方路平 刘世华 等《NS-2网络模拟基础与应用》国防工业出版社2007年Page(s):1-30
[23]MobiWan:NS-2 extensions to study mobility in Wide-Area IPv6 Networks,http://www.inrialpes.fr/planete/pub/mobiwan/
[24]R.Rouil-Draft 1.1,"The Network Simulator NS-2 NIST add-on MAC 802.11",June 2007,http://www.antd.nist.gov/seamlessandsecure/download.htm
[25]The National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST).http://www.antd.nist.gov/seamlessandsecure/doc.html