产品设计重用中的创新方法研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术的发展,产品设计逐渐演变成为多学科交叉的创作活动。工业竞争的加剧导致现有的设计模型数量成倍增长,在设计时间紧的前提下,设计重用已经成为大多数设计机构的第一选择。现有的设计重用主要的实现途径有逆向设计、参数化设计、自由形状变形。本文在总结已有设计重用方法的基础上,首次提出了逆向创新设计(RID:Reverse Innovatire Design)这一新的设计重用方式,丰富了设计重用的手段。
产品的逆向建模方法是设计重用研究的重点,按照建模对象几何特征的差别,设计师会采取不同的建模思路。即对器官类型的模型而言采用自动创建拟合曲面的方式,对包含大量规则曲面的模型采用基于特征的参数化实体造型,对以自由曲面为主的模型则使用基于曲线的自由曲面建模方式,其中后两种方式便于加载产品定义参数,从而达到参数化驱动模型变形的目的。逆向创新设计方法立足于传统的逆向建模,从扫描数据提取出各种参数信息,进而建立参数化模型,并采用高层的自然参数乃至更高层的产品定义参数来驱动模型变化到一个新的设计。逆向创新设计可以说是一门整合的数字化设计方法学,它涵盖了三维CAD及CAID,逆向工程(RE),CAE分析,快速原型(RP)等领域。
RID方法既有参数化驱动的方便性,又保持了自由形状变形的灵活性,它能够有效利用设计对象的行业参数及知识,将其映射到产品定义参数中。该方法首先需要提取出高层次的参数信息-产品定义参数,然后再编辑产品定义参数进行产品变形设计。RID方法对现有逆向工程的建模流程是一个有益的补充,它要求建模对象对应一定的行业参数,并适用于以自由曲面为主和以规则曲面为主的模型。对以自由曲面为主的模型而言,其参数化设计重用的思路是提取网格模型的特征线框及特征点,进而得到所需的产品定义参数。对以规则曲面为主的模型而言,产品定义参数则源于截面轮廓的线段识别及基于网格分区的规则曲面识别。
RID的建模方式可以很方便地集成到现有CAD软件平台中,其核心算法已经被SolidWorks的插件ScanTo3D所采用。我们还在SindyNGRE平台中成功地开发出基于RID方法的设计模块,并以鞋楦模型的改型设计为例,详细描述了RID方法在鞋楦设计中的应用。此外,我们还以其它产品的重新设计为例,全面展示RID方法在这类模型中的成功运用。
With the development of computer science, product design becomes a creative activity with new interdiscipline. Intensified industry competition booms current digital model amount. Design reuse is the first choice of most design studios to finish a design with given time. Reverse design, parametric design and free-form deformation are major methods for design reuse. In this thesis, we propose a reverse engineering innovative design methodology called Reverse Innovative Design (RID) as a complementation of current design reuse method.
Product reverse design is an important design reuse method. We introduced three RE modeling strategies: an autosurfacing strategy for organic shapes; a solid modeling strategy with feature recognition and surface fitting for analytical models; and a curve-based modeling strategy for accurate reverse modeling. The last two methods are more convenient to extract product definition parameters which can drive the model deformed easily. Based on traditional reverse design, RID is to extract all kinds of parameters from scanned data, and use the high level nature feature and even higher level product definition parameters to drive the changes of the product model to form new design. RID is an integrated digital design methodology incorporating 3D digitizing, 3D CAD and CAID, reverse engineering (RE), CAE analysis, and rapid prototyping (RP).
RID owns the convenience of parameter driven and flexibility of free-form deformation at the same time. RID can utilize the knowledge of specified industry and map it to product design parameters. We need to extract the high level parameter -product definition parameter, and then edit these parameters to deform the model. RID is a good complementation to current reverse modeling. RID requires design object has corresponding industry parameter and it is suitable for two types' model. One is the model with freeform surface, and the key is extracting the feature wireframe and feature point. The other one is the model with analytical surface, and the key is line recognization on section view and regular face recognization on mesh segmentation.
The developed RID module can be easily integrated into current 3D CAD systems. The main RE strategies and core algorithms have been integrated into SolidWorks as an add-in product called ScanTo3D. A shoe last design module based on RID is developed in SindyNGRE platform and some other redesign examples are introduced at last.
产品的逆向建模方法是设计重用研究的重点,按照建模对象几何特征的差别,设计师会采取不同的建模思路。即对器官类型的模型而言采用自动创建拟合曲面的方式,对包含大量规则曲面的模型采用基于特征的参数化实体造型,对以自由曲面为主的模型则使用基于曲线的自由曲面建模方式,其中后两种方式便于加载产品定义参数,从而达到参数化驱动模型变形的目的。逆向创新设计方法立足于传统的逆向建模,从扫描数据提取出各种参数信息,进而建立参数化模型,并采用高层的自然参数乃至更高层的产品定义参数来驱动模型变化到一个新的设计。逆向创新设计可以说是一门整合的数字化设计方法学,它涵盖了三维CAD及CAID,逆向工程(RE),CAE分析,快速原型(RP)等领域。
RID方法既有参数化驱动的方便性,又保持了自由形状变形的灵活性,它能够有效利用设计对象的行业参数及知识,将其映射到产品定义参数中。该方法首先需要提取出高层次的参数信息-产品定义参数,然后再编辑产品定义参数进行产品变形设计。RID方法对现有逆向工程的建模流程是一个有益的补充,它要求建模对象对应一定的行业参数,并适用于以自由曲面为主和以规则曲面为主的模型。对以自由曲面为主的模型而言,其参数化设计重用的思路是提取网格模型的特征线框及特征点,进而得到所需的产品定义参数。对以规则曲面为主的模型而言,产品定义参数则源于截面轮廓的线段识别及基于网格分区的规则曲面识别。
RID的建模方式可以很方便地集成到现有CAD软件平台中,其核心算法已经被SolidWorks的插件ScanTo3D所采用。我们还在SindyNGRE平台中成功地开发出基于RID方法的设计模块,并以鞋楦模型的改型设计为例,详细描述了RID方法在鞋楦设计中的应用。此外,我们还以其它产品的重新设计为例,全面展示RID方法在这类模型中的成功运用。
With the development of computer science, product design becomes a creative activity with new interdiscipline. Intensified industry competition booms current digital model amount. Design reuse is the first choice of most design studios to finish a design with given time. Reverse design, parametric design and free-form deformation are major methods for design reuse. In this thesis, we propose a reverse engineering innovative design methodology called Reverse Innovative Design (RID) as a complementation of current design reuse method.
Product reverse design is an important design reuse method. We introduced three RE modeling strategies: an autosurfacing strategy for organic shapes; a solid modeling strategy with feature recognition and surface fitting for analytical models; and a curve-based modeling strategy for accurate reverse modeling. The last two methods are more convenient to extract product definition parameters which can drive the model deformed easily. Based on traditional reverse design, RID is to extract all kinds of parameters from scanned data, and use the high level nature feature and even higher level product definition parameters to drive the changes of the product model to form new design. RID is an integrated digital design methodology incorporating 3D digitizing, 3D CAD and CAID, reverse engineering (RE), CAE analysis, and rapid prototyping (RP).
RID owns the convenience of parameter driven and flexibility of free-form deformation at the same time. RID can utilize the knowledge of specified industry and map it to product design parameters. We need to extract the high level parameter -product definition parameter, and then edit these parameters to deform the model. RID is a good complementation to current reverse modeling. RID requires design object has corresponding industry parameter and it is suitable for two types' model. One is the model with freeform surface, and the key is extracting the feature wireframe and feature point. The other one is the model with analytical surface, and the key is line recognization on section view and regular face recognization on mesh segmentation.
The developed RID module can be easily integrated into current 3D CAD systems. The main RE strategies and core algorithms have been integrated into SolidWorks as an add-in product called ScanTo3D. A shoe last design module based on RID is developed in SindyNGRE platform and some other redesign examples are introduced at last.
引文
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