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超声波明渠流量计的研制
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摘要
超声波明渠流量计作为一种非接触式流量检测仪表,具有非接触、量程宽、线性好等其它流量计没有的优点,在明渠流量的检测上得到了广泛的应用。
     本文在分析了超声波检测明渠流量原理的基础上,同时结合当今电子发展的新技术,提出了基于MSP430单片机及CPLD的设计方案,并完成了超声波明渠流量计系统的硬件、软件设计。本文主要完成了以下工作:
     对超声波明渠流量计测量原理进行了分析。
     对超声波明渠流量计主控板的硬件电路进行了设计,完成了电路原理图和电路板的制作。
     对超声波明渠流量计探头驱动和接收电路进行了设计,完成了电路原理图和电路板的制作。
     对超声波明渠流量计低功耗,可靠性进行了研究,并提出相应的改进方案。
     完成了MSP430单片机C语言控制板的软件设计,并应用VHDL语言对硬件CPLD进行了开发。
     实验证明,本文提出的基于MSP430单片机和CPLD超声波明渠流量计的设计方案是可行的。系统结构简单紧凑,功耗较低,总体性能较好,符合了当今智能仪器仪表小型化的潮流,为今后开发高性能和商品化的超声波明渠流量计奠定了良好的基础。
Ultrasonic open channel flowmeter, a kind of non-contact flowmeter, has been widely used in the measurement of open channel for its better merits of non-contact, wide measurement scope and good linearity.
    Based on principles of open channel flow measured by ultrasonic and new electronic techniques emerged currently, a scheme using MSP430 and CPLD is proposed in this paper. The main achievements are obtained as follows:
    Theory of ultrasonic open channel flowmeter is fully analyzed.
    Hardware circuit of mainboard in ultrasonic flowmeter open channel is designed and the realization of scheme is also given.
    Hardware circuit of head in ultrasonic open channel flowmeter is designed and the realization scheme is given.
    Researches on how to ultra-lowpower and improve reliability is implemented and the mearsure is presented in this paper.
    The software design for MSP430 in C language is given and CPLD in VHDL language is developed.
    Experiment results indicate that the scheme of software and hardware is successful. According with the miniaturization of intelligent instrument, system lay a good foundation in developing the practical, high-performance and commercial ultrasonic flowmeters for its compact structure, low consumption and good performances.
引文
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