家电嵌入式软件构件化开发平台的设计与实现
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摘要
当今的嵌入式开发变得越来越复杂,如何提高嵌入式开发质量和效率是一个及待解决的问题。为了支持嵌入式应用系统的高效开发,采用基于构件的软件开发(CBSD)是一种值得提倡的方法。而在信息家电控制器嵌入式软件的编程开发过程中,存在两个明显的问题:软件工程师编写的程序源码中有大量的可重用片段:由于软件编写的随意性,某位软件工程师的离职常常导致其编写的程序在技术上难以继承和管理上难以维护。为了缩短智能家电产品的开发周期,降低软件工程师的工作强度和增强技术的继承性,有必要实现一个专门针对信息家电嵌入式软件构件化开发的集成平台,将众多的可重用的源代码片段进行封装,生成构件,提供给软件工程师进行组装使用,并对构件库进行有效的管理。
为此,本文对嵌入式软件开发平台的构件生成、管理和组装展开了深入的理论研究和实践探索。本文所作的主要研究工作如下:
首先,研究了嵌入式软件开发及其开发平台和基于构件的嵌入式软件开发方法;并分析了构件库相关技术及构件分类检索策略,在此基础上提出了嵌入式开发集成平台中的构件库管理策略;其次,本文在分析现有构件模型的基础上,提出了一种专门针对信息家电嵌入式软件的构件模型,包括构件层次体系和构件生成规范,并结合实例分析了构件的生成和实现模型;最后,在上述两项研究的基础上,结合对信息家电嵌入式软件的构件化开发流程和体系结构的分析,本文在Windows平台上,设计并实现了信息家电嵌入式软件构件化开发集成平台,作为对上述构件模型提供实际支持,具有很强行业服务性的嵌入式软件CASE工具。实现了构件生成子系统、构件组装子系统和构件管理子系统三个基本组成单元,并通过系统实例验证,得出此平台整体开发性能对于提高嵌入式软件的开发效率和质量有积极意义。
Considering complicated development proeess involved in embedded software development, a cost-effective way for embedded development is urgent. Component-based software development(CBSD) is a very promising software engineering technique for improving efficiency, cost, quality, reuse and maintenance in embedded software development proeess. In the process of home appliance controller embedded software development, there are two obvious problems:first, the program that software engineers write has a lot of reusable code segments; second, the departure of some software engineers led to the technically difficult to maintain and manage software. To shorten the software development cycles of smart home appliances and enhance the strength of inheritance, it is necessary to complete a component-based development integrated platform for smart home appliance embedded software. It can packet a large number of reusable code segments to generate the components, assemble for the use of software engineers with component library also for the effective management.
In this dissertation, a deep theoretical study and praetice exploration for the component-based development integrated platform for s home appliance embedded software is done. The main achievements are as follows: First, component technology and component-based embedded software development method, the component library and component retrieval strategy are researched. And then, the classification methods for embedded components and the corresponding libraries management strategies are presented based on the analysis described above. Secondly, Based on the analysis of existing component models, a speeific embedded software component model for smart home appliance is given, including system-level and packaging standards, and examples of the formation and implementation model. Finally, this paper presents an embedded IDE instace-the component-based development integrated platform for smart home appliance embedded software, based on the component model above, and integration infrastructure of component generator, component manage library, component assembler is implement in Windows platform. At last, model test prove that can commendably satisfy the requirement of efficient software developing.
为此,本文对嵌入式软件开发平台的构件生成、管理和组装展开了深入的理论研究和实践探索。本文所作的主要研究工作如下:
首先,研究了嵌入式软件开发及其开发平台和基于构件的嵌入式软件开发方法;并分析了构件库相关技术及构件分类检索策略,在此基础上提出了嵌入式开发集成平台中的构件库管理策略;其次,本文在分析现有构件模型的基础上,提出了一种专门针对信息家电嵌入式软件的构件模型,包括构件层次体系和构件生成规范,并结合实例分析了构件的生成和实现模型;最后,在上述两项研究的基础上,结合对信息家电嵌入式软件的构件化开发流程和体系结构的分析,本文在Windows平台上,设计并实现了信息家电嵌入式软件构件化开发集成平台,作为对上述构件模型提供实际支持,具有很强行业服务性的嵌入式软件CASE工具。实现了构件生成子系统、构件组装子系统和构件管理子系统三个基本组成单元,并通过系统实例验证,得出此平台整体开发性能对于提高嵌入式软件的开发效率和质量有积极意义。
Considering complicated development proeess involved in embedded software development, a cost-effective way for embedded development is urgent. Component-based software development(CBSD) is a very promising software engineering technique for improving efficiency, cost, quality, reuse and maintenance in embedded software development proeess. In the process of home appliance controller embedded software development, there are two obvious problems:first, the program that software engineers write has a lot of reusable code segments; second, the departure of some software engineers led to the technically difficult to maintain and manage software. To shorten the software development cycles of smart home appliances and enhance the strength of inheritance, it is necessary to complete a component-based development integrated platform for smart home appliance embedded software. It can packet a large number of reusable code segments to generate the components, assemble for the use of software engineers with component library also for the effective management.
In this dissertation, a deep theoretical study and praetice exploration for the component-based development integrated platform for s home appliance embedded software is done. The main achievements are as follows: First, component technology and component-based embedded software development method, the component library and component retrieval strategy are researched. And then, the classification methods for embedded components and the corresponding libraries management strategies are presented based on the analysis described above. Secondly, Based on the analysis of existing component models, a speeific embedded software component model for smart home appliance is given, including system-level and packaging standards, and examples of the formation and implementation model. Finally, this paper presents an embedded IDE instace-the component-based development integrated platform for smart home appliance embedded software, based on the component model above, and integration infrastructure of component generator, component manage library, component assembler is implement in Windows platform. At last, model test prove that can commendably satisfy the requirement of efficient software developing.
引文
1.Wayne Wolf.嵌入式计算系统(孙玉芳译)[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002,40-105.
2.Russ Runting.Component Service Provider:An Evolution in Component Management,the 2000 Intemational Workshop on Component-Based Software Engineering[M]2003,20-88.
3.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agenecy.NATO Standard for Development ofReusable Software Components[M],2001.45-98
4.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agenecy.NATO Standard for Software Reuse Procedures[M],1999.45-166
5.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agenecy.NATO Standard for Development of Reusable Software Components Library[M],1991:32-43.
6.杨芙清、梅宏等.支持构件复用的青鸟Ⅲ型系统概述计算机科学[M],vol.26,NO.5,pp.50-55,1999.
7.Gupta,S.K.S.,Wang-Chienue,Purakayastha,A.,Srilnani,p.K.User Exprience in the pervasive Computing Age[J].personal Communications,IEEE,Aug.2001,Vol.8,No.4:8-9.
8.魏永明.MiniGUI技术白皮书[M],http://www.minigui.org,2000:44-82.
9.Ivar Jacobson,Martin Griss.软件复用结构、过程和组织(韩柯译)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:14-102.
10.NATO Standard for Development of Reusable Software.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agency Components[M],2004:38-123
11.王志坚,费玉奎,娄渊清.软件构件技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:45-47.
12.H Thane,etal.Formal Probabilistic Arguments for Component Reuse in Safe-ctritical Real-time Systems[D].Technical Report CBSE,State of the Art,MalardalenUniversity,2000:22-27
13.Dale Rogerson.COM技术内幕:微软组件对象模型[M],.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:1-26.
14.潘爱民.COM原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2003:78-121.
15.Nanbor Wang,Douglas C Schmit,Carlos O's Ryan.Overview of CORBA Component Model[M].2000
16.Martin Bood.J2EE核心技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:144-165.
17.邱岩.组件技术及其分析比较[M],计算机工程与应用.,2003:105-116.
18.David B.Stewart,Richard A.Volpe,and Pradeep K.Losla.Design of real-time software using port-based object[J].IEEE Trans.Software Eng.,1997,23(12)59-76
19.M.Winter,T.Gener,A.Christoph,O.Nierstrasz,S.Ducasse,R:Wuyts,G.Avalo,P.Miller,C.Stich,and B.Schohage.Components for embedded software.The PECOS.approach[C],In Proc.Second International Workshop on Composition Language,2002
20.Nierstrasz,4.Arvalo;G,Ducasse,S,S,Wuyts,R,Black,A,Mller,P,Zeidler,C,Genssier,T,Born,R.van den.A component model for field devices[C].IFIP/ACM Conference on Component Deployment,Berlin,Germany,June 2002.67,74
21.D.Urting,S Van Baelen,T.Holvoet,and Y.Berbers.Embedded software development:components and contracts[C].Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems,ACTA Press,2001,pp.685-690
22.IanSommerville.Software Engineedng(7~(th)Edition).PearsonEducation Limited[J],2004:11-14.
23.江峰,陈文智,吴朝晖.Liquid--构件化嵌入式操作系统[J].计算机工程,2005,31(4):77-87.
24.古幼鹏,熊光泽,桑楠.基于构件的嵌入式软件仿真开发环境模型研究[J].系统工程与电子技术,2004,26(10):1495-1499.
25.胡文蕙,赵文,张世现等.基于构件技术的应用框架元模型的研究[J].软件学报,2004,15(1):1-8.
26.马亮,孙艳春.软件构件概念的变迁[J].计算机科学,2002,29(4):28-30.
27.肖忠.构件软件工程研究[D].成都:四川大学,2005.33-35
28.徐拥军.基于构件的软件开发方法及其支撑平台[J].软件工程与标准化,2005,3:37-42.
29.谷今杰,莫继红.基于构建的软件复用技术研究[J].科学技术与工程,2005,5(12):824-827.
30.STARS Technical Committee.Asset Library Open Architechrure Framework:Version 1.2[R]Versionl.2[R].Information Technology Report,STARS-TC-04041/001/02,1992
31.Reuse Library Interoperability Group,RIG Uniform Data Model for Reuse Library(UDM)[R],RPS-0002,1994
32.Reuse Library Interoperability Group,RIG Basic Interoperability Data Model(BIDM)[R],RPS-0001,1993
33.NATOCommunications and Information Systems Agency.NATO Standard for Management of a Reusable Software Component Library[J],1991
34.Jean Mare Morel,Jean Faget.The REBOOT Environment[R].Second International Workshop on Software Reusability,1993
35.北京大学软件工程研究所.软件构件库用户手册[M].2002.
36.Tiwari V,etal.Power analysis of embedded software:A first step towards software power minimization.IEEETrans,VLSI Systems[J],1994:15-17.
37.Edwards,S.H.Toward a model of reusable software subsystems.In:Philbriek,S,Stevens,M.eds.Proeeedings of the 15~(th) Annual Workshop on Sol tware Reuse.LarryLatour[J],1992:61-66.
38.Steven Ross Atkinson,Formal Engineering of Software Library Systems BInfTech (Honous)[J],1997.10.
39.Ian Sommerville.Software Engineering(7thEdition).Pearson Education Limited[J],2004:56-68.
40.Stevens M.,eds.Proceedings of the15th Annual Workshop on software Reuse.Larry Latour [J],1992:25-28.
41.Mark Viger,W Morven Gentleman,John Dean.CTOS Software Integration.http://www.sel.iit.nrc.ca/Projects/cots.
42.Ian Sommerville.Software Engineering(7thEdition).Pearson Education Limited[J],2004:76-79.
43.Component Based Development And Integration of Legacy Systems Reality Today.http://www.supernova.com,Supernova software Inc.
44.MarkViger.An Architecture for COTS Based Software Systems.http://www.sel.iit.nrc.ca/Projecots/cots.
45.Steven Ross Atkinson,Formal Engineering of Software Library Systems B Infrech (Honous)[J],1997.10.
46.David B.Steward.Designing Software Components for Real-time Applications,.2001Embedded Systems Conference San Francisco[J],CA.April 2001:64-69.
47.Chichester Even-Andre K.Software Reuse:A Holistic Approach.New York,NY:John Wiley & Sons[J],Inc.,1995:102-105
48.Kurt C.Wallnau,Peter H.Feiler.Tool Integration and environment Architecture,Technical report of SEI[J],Carnegie Mellon University,1994:101-103
2.Russ Runting.Component Service Provider:An Evolution in Component Management,the 2000 Intemational Workshop on Component-Based Software Engineering[M]2003,20-88.
3.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agenecy.NATO Standard for Development ofReusable Software Components[M],2001.45-98
4.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agenecy.NATO Standard for Software Reuse Procedures[M],1999.45-166
5.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agenecy.NATO Standard for Development of Reusable Software Components Library[M],1991:32-43.
6.杨芙清、梅宏等.支持构件复用的青鸟Ⅲ型系统概述计算机科学[M],vol.26,NO.5,pp.50-55,1999.
7.Gupta,S.K.S.,Wang-Chienue,Purakayastha,A.,Srilnani,p.K.User Exprience in the pervasive Computing Age[J].personal Communications,IEEE,Aug.2001,Vol.8,No.4:8-9.
8.魏永明.MiniGUI技术白皮书[M],http://www.minigui.org,2000:44-82.
9.Ivar Jacobson,Martin Griss.软件复用结构、过程和组织(韩柯译)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:14-102.
10.NATO Standard for Development of Reusable Software.NATO Communications and Information Systems Agency Components[M],2004:38-123
11.王志坚,费玉奎,娄渊清.软件构件技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:45-47.
12.H Thane,etal.Formal Probabilistic Arguments for Component Reuse in Safe-ctritical Real-time Systems[D].Technical Report CBSE,State of the Art,MalardalenUniversity,2000:22-27
13.Dale Rogerson.COM技术内幕:微软组件对象模型[M],.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:1-26.
14.潘爱民.COM原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2003:78-121.
15.Nanbor Wang,Douglas C Schmit,Carlos O's Ryan.Overview of CORBA Component Model[M].2000
16.Martin Bood.J2EE核心技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:144-165.
17.邱岩.组件技术及其分析比较[M],计算机工程与应用.,2003:105-116.
18.David B.Stewart,Richard A.Volpe,and Pradeep K.Losla.Design of real-time software using port-based object[J].IEEE Trans.Software Eng.,1997,23(12)59-76
19.M.Winter,T.Gener,A.Christoph,O.Nierstrasz,S.Ducasse,R:Wuyts,G.Avalo,P.Miller,C.Stich,and B.Schohage.Components for embedded software.The PECOS.approach[C],In Proc.Second International Workshop on Composition Language,2002
20.Nierstrasz,4.Arvalo;G,Ducasse,S,S,Wuyts,R,Black,A,Mller,P,Zeidler,C,Genssier,T,Born,R.van den.A component model for field devices[C].IFIP/ACM Conference on Component Deployment,Berlin,Germany,June 2002.67,74
21.D.Urting,S Van Baelen,T.Holvoet,and Y.Berbers.Embedded software development:components and contracts[C].Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems,ACTA Press,2001,pp.685-690
22.IanSommerville.Software Engineedng(7~(th)Edition).PearsonEducation Limited[J],2004:11-14.
23.江峰,陈文智,吴朝晖.Liquid--构件化嵌入式操作系统[J].计算机工程,2005,31(4):77-87.
24.古幼鹏,熊光泽,桑楠.基于构件的嵌入式软件仿真开发环境模型研究[J].系统工程与电子技术,2004,26(10):1495-1499.
25.胡文蕙,赵文,张世现等.基于构件技术的应用框架元模型的研究[J].软件学报,2004,15(1):1-8.
26.马亮,孙艳春.软件构件概念的变迁[J].计算机科学,2002,29(4):28-30.
27.肖忠.构件软件工程研究[D].成都:四川大学,2005.33-35
28.徐拥军.基于构件的软件开发方法及其支撑平台[J].软件工程与标准化,2005,3:37-42.
29.谷今杰,莫继红.基于构建的软件复用技术研究[J].科学技术与工程,2005,5(12):824-827.
30.STARS Technical Committee.Asset Library Open Architechrure Framework:Version 1.2[R]Versionl.2[R].Information Technology Report,STARS-TC-04041/001/02,1992
31.Reuse Library Interoperability Group,RIG Uniform Data Model for Reuse Library(UDM)[R],RPS-0002,1994
32.Reuse Library Interoperability Group,RIG Basic Interoperability Data Model(BIDM)[R],RPS-0001,1993
33.NATOCommunications and Information Systems Agency.NATO Standard for Management of a Reusable Software Component Library[J],1991
34.Jean Mare Morel,Jean Faget.The REBOOT Environment[R].Second International Workshop on Software Reusability,1993
35.北京大学软件工程研究所.软件构件库用户手册[M].2002.
36.Tiwari V,etal.Power analysis of embedded software:A first step towards software power minimization.IEEETrans,VLSI Systems[J],1994:15-17.
37.Edwards,S.H.Toward a model of reusable software subsystems.In:Philbriek,S,Stevens,M.eds.Proeeedings of the 15~(th) Annual Workshop on Sol tware Reuse.LarryLatour[J],1992:61-66.
38.Steven Ross Atkinson,Formal Engineering of Software Library Systems BInfTech (Honous)[J],1997.10.
39.Ian Sommerville.Software Engineering(7thEdition).Pearson Education Limited[J],2004:56-68.
40.Stevens M.,eds.Proceedings of the15th Annual Workshop on software Reuse.Larry Latour [J],1992:25-28.
41.Mark Viger,W Morven Gentleman,John Dean.CTOS Software Integration.http://www.sel.iit.nrc.ca/Projects/cots.
42.Ian Sommerville.Software Engineering(7thEdition).Pearson Education Limited[J],2004:76-79.
43.Component Based Development And Integration of Legacy Systems Reality Today.http://www.supernova.com,Supernova software Inc.
44.MarkViger.An Architecture for COTS Based Software Systems.http://www.sel.iit.nrc.ca/Projecots/cots.
45.Steven Ross Atkinson,Formal Engineering of Software Library Systems B Infrech (Honous)[J],1997.10.
46.David B.Steward.Designing Software Components for Real-time Applications,.2001Embedded Systems Conference San Francisco[J],CA.April 2001:64-69.
47.Chichester Even-Andre K.Software Reuse:A Holistic Approach.New York,NY:John Wiley & Sons[J],Inc.,1995:102-105
48.Kurt C.Wallnau,Peter H.Feiler.Tool Integration and environment Architecture,Technical report of SEI[J],Carnegie Mellon University,1994:101-103