基于生命周期理论的大型公共建筑能耗分析与评价
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摘要
建筑能耗占社会总能耗的大部分,开展建筑节能工作已到刻不容缓的地步。而大型公共建筑节能成为建筑节能的重要内容之一,我国大型公共建筑能耗高能效低的现象非常普遍。近年随着我国经济、社会飞速发展,大型公共建筑数量日益增多,而此类建筑仍存在着能耗量大、功能性差等问题,而政府部门作为开展大型公共建筑节能工作的主要推动者,因缺乏必要的分析工具与评价手段而难以全面分析大型公共建筑运营过程中存在的主要问题,制定具体针对性的整改策略。大型公共建筑能耗分析与评价研究对此类建筑节能工作具有实际指导意义。
结合长沙地区的能耗调研数据和已有的相关资料,本论文的内容主要是围绕大型公共建筑的整个生命周期内能耗分析与评价开展的,以生命周期评价(LCA)为理论基础,总结国内外关于大型公共建筑生命周期内的能耗分析方法,选择长沙市区典型大型公共建筑作为研究对象,采用现场填表、现场勘察、与管理人员沟通等多种方式对长沙市区大型公共建筑的基本信息、运行阶段的能耗等情况进行调研,建立相应的数学模型对生命周期内其余阶段的能耗进行计算,量化分析生命周期各阶段的能耗量以及运行阶段温室气体排放量。
研究表明同类型大型公共建筑的能耗存在着显着差异,节能潜力很大。所调研的大型公共建筑运行能耗占到其全生命周期内能耗的79.39%。定量分析可知,建筑的能耗数据是建筑节能系统设计、能耗分析和能源管理的基础。本文基于可持续发展理论和生命周期评价理论,通过建立数学模型和分析调研数据量化大型公共建筑全生命周期内各个阶段的能耗。评价指标体系和建筑能耗计算方法能成为评价大型公共建筑是否为绿色建筑的有效工具,研究结果可为政府的相关部门决策提供依据和指导。
Building energy consumption is the major energy consumption, so building energy conservation has come to a critical state. Energy efficiency for public buildings is one ofthe most important content in building energy effnciency. The higher energy consumption and lower energy efficiency of large-scale buildings is especially obvious. With the quick development of Chinese urbanization and the fast improvement of people, the number of the large-scale public buildings has been increasing a lot. The energy consumption in large public construction is huge, and its using ratio is low. Government departments are the catalyst of the energy-saving in large public buildings. Because of the lack of diagnostic tool and assessment, it is hard to solve the problem of energy-saving in large public buildings. The analysis and valuation of energy consumption for large-scale public buildings play direct role in building energy efficiency for these buildings of this nature.
Based on the Energy consumption data of large public buildings in Changsha and relevant information, the main content of this paper is for a comprehensive analysis and valuation of the energy consomption in the whole life cycle of large public buildings. The theoretical basis of this paper is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).The analytical approach in whole life cycle of large public buildings both at home and abroad are summarized.This paper takes typical large public buildings in the urban area of Changsha. The investigation in this research was conducted by means of questionnaire, site survey, conversations with the managers. Criteria used in the investigation of large public buildings included the basic information, the energy consumption amount in the operation phase, and so on. Through upbuilding the math model of large public buildings, the energy consumption in the other phases of whole life cycle was calculated. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the energy consumption in life cycle and the greenhouse gas emissions in the operation phase.
It is manifest in large public buildings that there exist remarkable difference in the energy comsumption and great potential in the energy saving. The operational phase of life cycle energy consumption accounted for 79.39% of the total energy consumption. Through quantitative analysis, it could be found that the data of building energy consumption is the basis for building energy system design, building energy consumption analysis and energy management. While the sustainable development theory and the Life Cycle Assessment theory were taken as guiding principle, this paper analysis life cycle energy consumption quantitatively in various stages of large public buildings by using mathematical model theory and survey data. Research indicates that this evaluation-target system and the calculating method of building energy consumption call tell relatively good building from bad one. And the outcome of assessment can provide basis and direction for the the relevant government department decision.
结合长沙地区的能耗调研数据和已有的相关资料,本论文的内容主要是围绕大型公共建筑的整个生命周期内能耗分析与评价开展的,以生命周期评价(LCA)为理论基础,总结国内外关于大型公共建筑生命周期内的能耗分析方法,选择长沙市区典型大型公共建筑作为研究对象,采用现场填表、现场勘察、与管理人员沟通等多种方式对长沙市区大型公共建筑的基本信息、运行阶段的能耗等情况进行调研,建立相应的数学模型对生命周期内其余阶段的能耗进行计算,量化分析生命周期各阶段的能耗量以及运行阶段温室气体排放量。
研究表明同类型大型公共建筑的能耗存在着显着差异,节能潜力很大。所调研的大型公共建筑运行能耗占到其全生命周期内能耗的79.39%。定量分析可知,建筑的能耗数据是建筑节能系统设计、能耗分析和能源管理的基础。本文基于可持续发展理论和生命周期评价理论,通过建立数学模型和分析调研数据量化大型公共建筑全生命周期内各个阶段的能耗。评价指标体系和建筑能耗计算方法能成为评价大型公共建筑是否为绿色建筑的有效工具,研究结果可为政府的相关部门决策提供依据和指导。
Building energy consumption is the major energy consumption, so building energy conservation has come to a critical state. Energy efficiency for public buildings is one ofthe most important content in building energy effnciency. The higher energy consumption and lower energy efficiency of large-scale buildings is especially obvious. With the quick development of Chinese urbanization and the fast improvement of people, the number of the large-scale public buildings has been increasing a lot. The energy consumption in large public construction is huge, and its using ratio is low. Government departments are the catalyst of the energy-saving in large public buildings. Because of the lack of diagnostic tool and assessment, it is hard to solve the problem of energy-saving in large public buildings. The analysis and valuation of energy consumption for large-scale public buildings play direct role in building energy efficiency for these buildings of this nature.
Based on the Energy consumption data of large public buildings in Changsha and relevant information, the main content of this paper is for a comprehensive analysis and valuation of the energy consomption in the whole life cycle of large public buildings. The theoretical basis of this paper is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).The analytical approach in whole life cycle of large public buildings both at home and abroad are summarized.This paper takes typical large public buildings in the urban area of Changsha. The investigation in this research was conducted by means of questionnaire, site survey, conversations with the managers. Criteria used in the investigation of large public buildings included the basic information, the energy consumption amount in the operation phase, and so on. Through upbuilding the math model of large public buildings, the energy consumption in the other phases of whole life cycle was calculated. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the energy consumption in life cycle and the greenhouse gas emissions in the operation phase.
It is manifest in large public buildings that there exist remarkable difference in the energy comsumption and great potential in the energy saving. The operational phase of life cycle energy consumption accounted for 79.39% of the total energy consumption. Through quantitative analysis, it could be found that the data of building energy consumption is the basis for building energy system design, building energy consumption analysis and energy management. While the sustainable development theory and the Life Cycle Assessment theory were taken as guiding principle, this paper analysis life cycle energy consumption quantitatively in various stages of large public buildings by using mathematical model theory and survey data. Research indicates that this evaluation-target system and the calculating method of building energy consumption call tell relatively good building from bad one. And the outcome of assessment can provide basis and direction for the the relevant government department decision.
引文
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