上海长江隧桥监控解决方案及其智能算法的研究
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摘要
公路隧桥监控系统是保障隧道交通安全畅通、提高隧道交通舒适度的关键系统。隧道监控系统的组成单元有隧道交通和隧道内环境、通风设备、照明设备以及供电设备的监视、检测和控制系统。隧道监控技术,基本上是一个集信号传输、机电、通风、照明、给排水、结构、自动化、视频、消防、无线通讯、交通等多专业的相互融合的综合监控技术。隧道越长,隧道运营的危险系数越高,其设备的复杂程度就越高。上海长江隧桥综合监控系统采用“路段监控中心(管理站)—区域控制——外场设备”结构。监控系统应用软件对长江隧桥机电设施进行不间断可靠监控,根据采集到的各子系统设备工作情况,经数学模型分析计算后,自动检测事件事故的发生,通过多媒体信息窗口报警,并针对性地提示处理预案,控制各子系统联合运作,达到集中式管理、分布式控制的功能,保障交通诱导、事故救援等工作的迅速执行。长江隧桥具有路段长,网络结构复杂,设备数量多、种类多,系统先进和控制复杂等相关特点。所以在控制工艺上不但体现了系统的独立运行能力,即在外部信息中断的情况下,仍能在最小的环境内自成体系运行以保障隧道的正常运营,同时开放外部数据互换接口,通过技术手段将各个分系统数据进行整合汇总,真正意义上实现综合监控的管理功能,实现信息化、智能化的交通管理运营模式。长江隧桥的监控系统由于涉及的监控范围广,设备多等特点,所以系统较为复杂。长江隧桥的监控普遍采用现场总线的通讯方式,复杂的环网体系也使得数据传输需要更多的技术含量。长江隧桥的通风环节采用了“射流风机纵向诱导通风模式”加“重点排烟”的举措,确保隧道内通风良好。雨水泵房、废水泵、集水泵等排水系统都设有现场PLC,自成体系实现控制,也可以通过数据互换在监控中心综合监控。长江隧桥针对应急情况设定了专家预案系统,可以通过专家系统调用相应的应急预案,即时通过监控系统的综合处理功能处理相应的事故情况。
Highway Tunnle Monitoring System is the chief system which can ensure the smooth flow of traffic and improve the comfort of the tunnel. The tunnel monitoring system is composed with the monitoring of tunnel and environment in tunnel, ventilation device, lighting device, power device, detection and control system.
As far as the international tunnel monitoring technology,it’s always a compositive monitoring skill of information transportation, electromechanic, airmoving, lighting, giving and draining, structure, automation, video, fire control, wireless communication, traffic and etc. The longer the tunnel is, the danger quotiety of operation and complexity of device will be higher.
The Comprehensive Monitoring System of Shanghai Yangtze Tunnle made use of‘Sections’Monitoring Center (Management Station)– Regional Control– Outfield Device’structor.
Monitoring System Application Sofware reliablely and continously controls the Yangtze Tunnle electrical device, automatically detecting the happening of accident according to both acquisited working state of all subsystem device and the results by analyzing and calculating on mathematical models. And then it alarms through multimedia information windows with targetedly offering some solution plans, and controls all subsystems’association operation to kick the goal of centralized management and distributed controlling function. Monitoring System Application Sofware also can guarantee rapid operation of traffic induction and accident rescue.
The Yantze Tunnle and Bridge has related charactors of long pathway section, involute net structure, large number and wide Varieties of device, advanced system, complicated controlling. So in the controlling technics, it incarnates the independent operation ability in the system, just that it still can make up a hierarchy to operate in the smallest environment in order to gurantee the tunnel be operated normally. It will also lift a restriction of outside data crossing-over interfaces, intergrate and collect the datas from all subsystems through technical resort, realize the comprehensive monitoring management function and informatized intelligentized traffic supervising and running model genuinely.
Since the charactors of wide related monitoring area and large number of devices, the Yantze Tunnle and Bridge Monitoring System is very complex. By making generally use of on-site highway communication mode and intricate hoop net system, it would cost more technolity content to transport datas.
The airmoving tache takes the steps with‘Jet-Flow Fan Portrait Inducement Airmoving Mode’and‘Key to Eject Smoke’to ensure well airmoving in tunnel. All of the drain system such as rainwater pump room, abandon water pump, collection water pump has on-site PLC in them, coming into system on themselves to realize the controlling, and also can comprehensively monitor in monitoring center by interchanging datas.
The Yantze Tunnle and Bridge enactments professor plan system against to emergency instances. It can call related meet an emergency through the professor system, and deal with corresponding accidents with the comprehensive treatment function in the monitoring system immediately.
Highway Tunnle Monitoring System is the chief system which can ensure the smooth flow of traffic and improve the comfort of the tunnel. The tunnel monitoring system is composed with the monitoring of tunnel and environment in tunnel, ventilation device, lighting device, power device, detection and control system.
As far as the international tunnel monitoring technology,it’s always a compositive monitoring skill of information transportation, electromechanic, airmoving, lighting, giving and draining, structure, automation, video, fire control, wireless communication, traffic and etc. The longer the tunnel is, the danger quotiety of operation and complexity of device will be higher.
The Comprehensive Monitoring System of Shanghai Yangtze Tunnle made use of‘Sections’Monitoring Center (Management Station)– Regional Control– Outfield Device’structor.
Monitoring System Application Sofware reliablely and continously controls the Yangtze Tunnle electrical device, automatically detecting the happening of accident according to both acquisited working state of all subsystem device and the results by analyzing and calculating on mathematical models. And then it alarms through multimedia information windows with targetedly offering some solution plans, and controls all subsystems’association operation to kick the goal of centralized management and distributed controlling function. Monitoring System Application Sofware also can guarantee rapid operation of traffic induction and accident rescue.
The Yantze Tunnle and Bridge has related charactors of long pathway section, involute net structure, large number and wide Varieties of device, advanced system, complicated controlling. So in the controlling technics, it incarnates the independent operation ability in the system, just that it still can make up a hierarchy to operate in the smallest environment in order to gurantee the tunnel be operated normally. It will also lift a restriction of outside data crossing-over interfaces, intergrate and collect the datas from all subsystems through technical resort, realize the comprehensive monitoring management function and informatized intelligentized traffic supervising and running model genuinely.
Since the charactors of wide related monitoring area and large number of devices, the Yantze Tunnle and Bridge Monitoring System is very complex. By making generally use of on-site highway communication mode and intricate hoop net system, it would cost more technolity content to transport datas.
The airmoving tache takes the steps with‘Jet-Flow Fan Portrait Inducement Airmoving Mode’and‘Key to Eject Smoke’to ensure well airmoving in tunnel. All of the drain system such as rainwater pump room, abandon water pump, collection water pump has on-site PLC in them, coming into system on themselves to realize the controlling, and also can comprehensively monitor in monitoring center by interchanging datas.
The Yantze Tunnle and Bridge enactments professor plan system against to emergency instances. It can call related meet an emergency through the professor system, and deal with corresponding accidents with the comprehensive treatment function in the monitoring system immediately.
引文
[1]刘朝晖. INTERBUS公路隧道监控系统技术.自动化博览. 2003(4).
[2]孟静.城市隧道智能交通监控研究.地下工程与隧道. 2005(1):52-54.
[3]林仕雄.彩虹岭隧道监控系统设计.广东交通职业技术学院学报. 2005(3).
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[6]郭刚.高速公路交通监控系统及未来发展.东北公路. 2002.
[7]张利兵,赵永忠等.秦岭终南山特长公路隧道控制系统的构思和模型实现.中国交通信息产业. 2005(3).
[8] 2005年公路水路交通行业发展统计公报
[9]朱明言,顾永兴.智能化集成技术在上海大连路越江隧道监控系统中的应用.智能建筑与城市信息. 2004(10).
[10]周旭,赵明华,刘义虎.长大隧道火灾与防治设计研究.中南公路工程.2002(12):87-90.
[11]王一如.上海市高速公路网交通监控系统总体发展综述.华东公路. 2002(4).
[12]侯久望.终南山隧道监控系统设计与关键技术研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2005(3).
[13]李科.鹧鸪山公路隧道监控设施设计思想.公路隧道. 2001(1):25-31.
[14]王维敏.公路隧道机电系统运营管理分析与评价.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2004(1).
[15]付达,周伟.视频监控技术在高速公路交通监控中的应用.中南公路工程. 2003(6).
[16]李强,俞勇,陈懋戌.面向对象的设计模式在交通监控软件设计中的应用.微型电脑应用. 2003(5).
[17]许敏恒,郭泽宜.基于以太网的高速公路隧道监控系统.广东自动化与信息工程. 2003(4).
[18]韩直.公路隧道智能控制的现状与发展.交通世界. 2003(2-3):36-38.
[19]刘浩,蔡启仲.组态软件WinCC在公路隧道监控系统中的应用.自动化技术与应用. 2005(5).
[20]张杰宏,谭献海.高速公路隧道监控系统的组成与实现.交通运输工程与信息学报. 2003(12).
[21]单永欣.公路隧道交通诱导与控制策略研究.长安大学硕士论文. 2004(1).
[22]陈庆国.基于数字图像处理技术的隧道交通智能视频监控系统.重庆大学硕士学位论文.2004(5).
[23]徐晓夏.陈泉林.智能交通监控系统中的自适应背景更新算法研究.上海大学学报. 2003(10).
[24]张良. PLC在高速公路隧道监控系统中的应用.微计算机信息. 2004(2).
[25]柴亮.高速公路隧道监控的设计与实现.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2004(5).
[26]娄英俊,黎兴源.隧道交通监控系统PLC联网群控技术.电气时代. 2005(1): 60-69.
[27]刘小强.基于PLC现场网络的公路隧道通风监控系统.长安大学硕士论文. 2005(4).
[28]毛哲,谢兆鸿,周龙.基于现场总线的可视化监控冗余系统.武汉工业学院学报. 2003(3):14-16.
[29]信振华.一种交通监控光纤传输系统的设计与实现.哈尔滨工业大学硕士论文. 2003(2).
[30]龙海舟.集散控制方法和现场总线技术在公路隧道监控系统中的应用.公路交通技术. 2002(9).
[31]边泽强.基于PROFIBUS现场总线的隧道监控系统.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2003(5).
[32]蔡占华.基于PROFIBUS和AS-i的公路隧道监控系统的研究.长安大学硕士论文. 2005(1).
[33]王念春.基于Modbus协议的PC与下位机PLC间通信程序.自动化仪表. 2001(8):44-45.
[34]杨其新,王明年,曹智明.长大双洞公路隧道火灾模式下横通道风流研究.地下空间. 2004(2):220-223.
[35]吴明先.高速公路隧道集成化智能化监控技术与系统开发研究.长安大学博士学位论文. 2004(5).
[36]陈劲风.长大隧道交通诱导与控制研究.长安大学硕士学位论文. 2002(5).
[37]符锌砂,杨华剑.隧道监控系统中交通控制方案的自动触发.华南理工大学学报(自然科学版). 2004(8).
[38]韩直,刘伟,涂耘,卢安国.现场总线技术Lonworks网络在公路隧道监控中应用.公路交通技术.2000(3):30-31.
[39]阳永安. PLC在公路隧道监控系统中的应用.长沙电力学院学报. 2005(5).
[40] A.Thomasian and H.Kanakia, Perfoamance Study of Loop Networks Using Buffer Insertion. Computer Network. 1999(3).
[41] P.J.P.O’Reilly. A New Technique for Perfoamance Studies of CSMA/CD Local Networks.Ph.D. diss.,Georgia Inst.of Technology May 2001:20.
[42] Zhang F,Guo B,Wang. Z.Rerouting with Considering Communication Network Reliability. Dalian:the Proceeding of 5thICRMS,2001:541-546.
[43]杨志勇,李胜. Modbus Plus网络在公路隧道群监控中的应用.广东自动化与信息工程. 2001(3):29-30.
[44] Szymanski J W.Embedded. Internet Technology in Process Control Decice.Porto.Portugal.WFCS-2000:15-16.
[45] Anoymous. Ethernet simplifies monitorting and diagnostics Machine Design;Cleveland. 2000(8):18.
[46] Jim Montague. What’s left to say about industrial Ethernet ,Control Engineering.2001(5):31.
[47] Ralph Mackiewicz Rick Daniel. Eternet TCP/IP:An Effective Realtime Agent with a Track Record, 1999(5).
[48] Caro R H.Ethernet will transform fieldbus.Hydrocarbon Processing,Jun.2000:25-26.
[49] Chriser A H,Wang W. sharp J M.A State Space Monitoring Model for Furance Erosion Prediction and Replacement.European Jouranl of Operational Research,1997(101):1-14.
[50]杨金奇.广邻高速公路华蓥山隧道监控系统及其性能分析.西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文. 2003.
[2]孟静.城市隧道智能交通监控研究.地下工程与隧道. 2005(1):52-54.
[3]林仕雄.彩虹岭隧道监控系统设计.广东交通职业技术学院学报. 2005(3).
[4]武晓宇.城市交通监控系统浅谈.信息产业. 2001(6).
[5]杨和平,温亮亮,滕广汉.公路隧道监控系统控制方案.上海市科协第四届学术年会上海市电机工程学会计算机,轨道交通专委会专题学术报告会论文集. 2006(10).
[6]郭刚.高速公路交通监控系统及未来发展.东北公路. 2002.
[7]张利兵,赵永忠等.秦岭终南山特长公路隧道控制系统的构思和模型实现.中国交通信息产业. 2005(3).
[8] 2005年公路水路交通行业发展统计公报
[9]朱明言,顾永兴.智能化集成技术在上海大连路越江隧道监控系统中的应用.智能建筑与城市信息. 2004(10).
[10]周旭,赵明华,刘义虎.长大隧道火灾与防治设计研究.中南公路工程.2002(12):87-90.
[11]王一如.上海市高速公路网交通监控系统总体发展综述.华东公路. 2002(4).
[12]侯久望.终南山隧道监控系统设计与关键技术研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2005(3).
[13]李科.鹧鸪山公路隧道监控设施设计思想.公路隧道. 2001(1):25-31.
[14]王维敏.公路隧道机电系统运营管理分析与评价.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2004(1).
[15]付达,周伟.视频监控技术在高速公路交通监控中的应用.中南公路工程. 2003(6).
[16]李强,俞勇,陈懋戌.面向对象的设计模式在交通监控软件设计中的应用.微型电脑应用. 2003(5).
[17]许敏恒,郭泽宜.基于以太网的高速公路隧道监控系统.广东自动化与信息工程. 2003(4).
[18]韩直.公路隧道智能控制的现状与发展.交通世界. 2003(2-3):36-38.
[19]刘浩,蔡启仲.组态软件WinCC在公路隧道监控系统中的应用.自动化技术与应用. 2005(5).
[20]张杰宏,谭献海.高速公路隧道监控系统的组成与实现.交通运输工程与信息学报. 2003(12).
[21]单永欣.公路隧道交通诱导与控制策略研究.长安大学硕士论文. 2004(1).
[22]陈庆国.基于数字图像处理技术的隧道交通智能视频监控系统.重庆大学硕士学位论文.2004(5).
[23]徐晓夏.陈泉林.智能交通监控系统中的自适应背景更新算法研究.上海大学学报. 2003(10).
[24]张良. PLC在高速公路隧道监控系统中的应用.微计算机信息. 2004(2).
[25]柴亮.高速公路隧道监控的设计与实现.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2004(5).
[26]娄英俊,黎兴源.隧道交通监控系统PLC联网群控技术.电气时代. 2005(1): 60-69.
[27]刘小强.基于PLC现场网络的公路隧道通风监控系统.长安大学硕士论文. 2005(4).
[28]毛哲,谢兆鸿,周龙.基于现场总线的可视化监控冗余系统.武汉工业学院学报. 2003(3):14-16.
[29]信振华.一种交通监控光纤传输系统的设计与实现.哈尔滨工业大学硕士论文. 2003(2).
[30]龙海舟.集散控制方法和现场总线技术在公路隧道监控系统中的应用.公路交通技术. 2002(9).
[31]边泽强.基于PROFIBUS现场总线的隧道监控系统.西南交通大学硕士学位论文. 2003(5).
[32]蔡占华.基于PROFIBUS和AS-i的公路隧道监控系统的研究.长安大学硕士论文. 2005(1).
[33]王念春.基于Modbus协议的PC与下位机PLC间通信程序.自动化仪表. 2001(8):44-45.
[34]杨其新,王明年,曹智明.长大双洞公路隧道火灾模式下横通道风流研究.地下空间. 2004(2):220-223.
[35]吴明先.高速公路隧道集成化智能化监控技术与系统开发研究.长安大学博士学位论文. 2004(5).
[36]陈劲风.长大隧道交通诱导与控制研究.长安大学硕士学位论文. 2002(5).
[37]符锌砂,杨华剑.隧道监控系统中交通控制方案的自动触发.华南理工大学学报(自然科学版). 2004(8).
[38]韩直,刘伟,涂耘,卢安国.现场总线技术Lonworks网络在公路隧道监控中应用.公路交通技术.2000(3):30-31.
[39]阳永安. PLC在公路隧道监控系统中的应用.长沙电力学院学报. 2005(5).
[40] A.Thomasian and H.Kanakia, Perfoamance Study of Loop Networks Using Buffer Insertion. Computer Network. 1999(3).
[41] P.J.P.O’Reilly. A New Technique for Perfoamance Studies of CSMA/CD Local Networks.Ph.D. diss.,Georgia Inst.of Technology May 2001:20.
[42] Zhang F,Guo B,Wang. Z.Rerouting with Considering Communication Network Reliability. Dalian:the Proceeding of 5thICRMS,2001:541-546.
[43]杨志勇,李胜. Modbus Plus网络在公路隧道群监控中的应用.广东自动化与信息工程. 2001(3):29-30.
[44] Szymanski J W.Embedded. Internet Technology in Process Control Decice.Porto.Portugal.WFCS-2000:15-16.
[45] Anoymous. Ethernet simplifies monitorting and diagnostics Machine Design;Cleveland. 2000(8):18.
[46] Jim Montague. What’s left to say about industrial Ethernet ,Control Engineering.2001(5):31.
[47] Ralph Mackiewicz Rick Daniel. Eternet TCP/IP:An Effective Realtime Agent with a Track Record, 1999(5).
[48] Caro R H.Ethernet will transform fieldbus.Hydrocarbon Processing,Jun.2000:25-26.
[49] Chriser A H,Wang W. sharp J M.A State Space Monitoring Model for Furance Erosion Prediction and Replacement.European Jouranl of Operational Research,1997(101):1-14.
[50]杨金奇.广邻高速公路华蓥山隧道监控系统及其性能分析.西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文. 2003.