大庆油田北二西储层非均质性及剩余油分布研究
摘要
利用北二区西部二类油层聚驱井筒资料,开展二类油层弱碱化体系扩大规模的三元复合驱矿场试验,探索合理的井网、井距及层系组合方法,进行剩余油分布研究。在该区块进行了水驱空白试验阶段的示踪剂注入试验方案,研究在油层发育厚度和渗透率明显小于葡Ⅰ组的萨尔图油层的剩余油分布特征,探索大幅度提高采收率的方法,通过示踪剂注入为试验区进一步调整注采井工作制度、评价水驱及三元复合驱效果提供依据。
本文分析和研究了示踪测试数值模型的表示方法,并从中选择了压力、浓度、井筒产出、含油饱和度和地质模型的表示方法;利用示踪数模解释软件依据动静态资料建立了示踪剂解释模型,对示踪剂产出曲线进行了解释,反演出示踪剂所流经储层的渗流参数包括等效渗透率、等效厚度、孔喉半径等,然后与历史数据进行了分析对比,以确定模型反演数据的正确性。
研究了八井组示踪监测结果,区分了河道砂与非河道砂的具体井组,并对示踪剂的运动速度与峰值浓度等方面给出了定性的解释,进而确定了古水流的方向;针对剩余油平面分布特征,确定合理的开发井网及注意事项。
本文计算出各井组注入流体的波及体积、波及系数和各井组示踪剂各监测井的回采率,做出了各油层组的流线分布图和各油层组剩余油平面及纵向分布图。结合数值模型的拟合、示踪流线的分布和产出浓度的描述确定了剩余油在平面和纵向上的分布,提出了试验区及各井组个性化的开发措施,为后续剩余油开采、提高采收率提供科学的技术参考。
Based on the better layer wellbore information in north-Ⅱ-west area, author develops expansion ternary eutectic field experiment of weak alkaline system of the better layer, and explores the reasonable well network, spacing and multiple combination method, researches remaining oil distribution. In this area author proceeds trace injection test project of flooding blank testing phase and researches characteristics of remaining oil distribution in reservoir development thickness and permeability apparently less than Saertu oil layer group PⅠ, explores the method to improve recovery, by tracer injecting testing for further adjust injection system, provides reference for evaluating water flooding and ternary eutectic effect.
The author analyses and studies the tracer method of numerical model test, and selects the stress concentration, the output shaft, and oil saturation and representation of geological model, the use of the tracer digital-to-analog explants software and according to the dynamic and static data establishes tracer interpretation model , explains tracer outputs curves ,and shows that flows through inversion RTD seepage parameters including the reservoir permeability, equivalent thickness and pore radius , then compares to the historical data, and analyzes to determine the correctness of. the model inversion data..
Author studies the eight production tracer monitoring results, distinguishes the channel sand with the no channel sand production, and the specific to explain tracer movement speed and peak concentration, then determines the direction of the old flow, according to residual oil distribution characteristics, determines reasonable development well pattern and attention..
The article calculates the inject fluid swept volume, macroscopic sweep efficiency and coal recovery of various production tracer all the Wells, makes the flow distribution ,remaining oil distribution and longitudinal distribution in each reservoir group reservoirs. Combining the fitting the numerical model, distribution of tracer streamline and description of output concentration determine remaining oil the distribution of longitudinal and lateral, proposes individual development measures of experiment region and each well group, provides scientific technology reference .for exploiting residual oil and improving recovery efficiency.
本文分析和研究了示踪测试数值模型的表示方法,并从中选择了压力、浓度、井筒产出、含油饱和度和地质模型的表示方法;利用示踪数模解释软件依据动静态资料建立了示踪剂解释模型,对示踪剂产出曲线进行了解释,反演出示踪剂所流经储层的渗流参数包括等效渗透率、等效厚度、孔喉半径等,然后与历史数据进行了分析对比,以确定模型反演数据的正确性。
研究了八井组示踪监测结果,区分了河道砂与非河道砂的具体井组,并对示踪剂的运动速度与峰值浓度等方面给出了定性的解释,进而确定了古水流的方向;针对剩余油平面分布特征,确定合理的开发井网及注意事项。
本文计算出各井组注入流体的波及体积、波及系数和各井组示踪剂各监测井的回采率,做出了各油层组的流线分布图和各油层组剩余油平面及纵向分布图。结合数值模型的拟合、示踪流线的分布和产出浓度的描述确定了剩余油在平面和纵向上的分布,提出了试验区及各井组个性化的开发措施,为后续剩余油开采、提高采收率提供科学的技术参考。
Based on the better layer wellbore information in north-Ⅱ-west area, author develops expansion ternary eutectic field experiment of weak alkaline system of the better layer, and explores the reasonable well network, spacing and multiple combination method, researches remaining oil distribution. In this area author proceeds trace injection test project of flooding blank testing phase and researches characteristics of remaining oil distribution in reservoir development thickness and permeability apparently less than Saertu oil layer group PⅠ, explores the method to improve recovery, by tracer injecting testing for further adjust injection system, provides reference for evaluating water flooding and ternary eutectic effect.
The author analyses and studies the tracer method of numerical model test, and selects the stress concentration, the output shaft, and oil saturation and representation of geological model, the use of the tracer digital-to-analog explants software and according to the dynamic and static data establishes tracer interpretation model , explains tracer outputs curves ,and shows that flows through inversion RTD seepage parameters including the reservoir permeability, equivalent thickness and pore radius , then compares to the historical data, and analyzes to determine the correctness of. the model inversion data..
Author studies the eight production tracer monitoring results, distinguishes the channel sand with the no channel sand production, and the specific to explain tracer movement speed and peak concentration, then determines the direction of the old flow, according to residual oil distribution characteristics, determines reasonable development well pattern and attention..
The article calculates the inject fluid swept volume, macroscopic sweep efficiency and coal recovery of various production tracer all the Wells, makes the flow distribution ,remaining oil distribution and longitudinal distribution in each reservoir group reservoirs. Combining the fitting the numerical model, distribution of tracer streamline and description of output concentration determine remaining oil the distribution of longitudinal and lateral, proposes individual development measures of experiment region and each well group, provides scientific technology reference .for exploiting residual oil and improving recovery efficiency.
引文
[1]郑浚茂.不同沉积环境储层的层内非均质性[J].现代地质,1995, 9:4~5.
[2]赵永胜.剩余油分布研究中的几个问题[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1996, 12:11~13.
[3]刘丁曾等主编.大庆油田勘探开发研究论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995:33~36.
[4]巢华庆主编.大庆油田(1996-1998)油藏工程优秀论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:15~16.
[5]夏位荣,张占峰,程时清编著.油气田开发地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[6]冈秦麟主编.高含水期油田改善水驱效果新技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:23~27.
[7]耿全喜,钟兴水主编.油田开发测井技术[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1992:35
[8]喻高明.垂向非均质砂岩油藏周期注水机理数值模拟研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1997,4:23.
[9]李继庆,姜喜庆,杜晓明等.精细地质研究在聚合物驱开发中的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,2:15.
[10]崔萍等.利用示踪剂方法确定油藏地层参数和剩余油饱和度[J].石油地质与工程,2009,6:10.
[11]张善杰等.井间示踪测试中示踪剂用量计算方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,4:23.
[12]徐大书等.应用示踪剂监测技术评价油藏井组动态变化[J].石油天然气学报,2006,4:10.
[13]刘希胜.井底流场模拟实验示踪方法[J].石油钻采工艺,1989,11:3.
[14]邱凌.示踪剂和压力测试分析平面非均质油藏的特性[J].石油勘探开发情报,1992,2:126~138.
[15]李淑霞.井间示踪剂测试的数值模拟方法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1997,21(3) :43~45.
[16]李淑霞,陈月明.利用井间示踪剂确定剩余油饱和度的方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2) :73~75.
[17]王利美,张国萍.井间示踪剂大孔道识别及剩余油饱和度分布技术[J].断块油气田,2003,10(4) :72~73.
[18]牛栓文,赵晓燕.分层示踪剂测试技术在合采合注油藏开发中的应用[J].测井技术,2005,29(4) :376~378.
[19]刘晓兰,姜瑞忠,郑勇,韩明俊,刘湘华.示踪剂产出曲线双峰值研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,1
[20]殷志华.示踪测试在油田开发中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2006,4.
[21]董兰屏,庞巨丰,韩焘,王迎辉,范斐,徐佳.井间示踪测试中筛选示踪剂的方法[J].电子测试, 2010, 01.
[22]刘均荣.浅层正韵律厚油层高含水期挖潜方法探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29,3.
[23]赵明国.油层物理实验[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[24]李卫彬,王丽英,孙庆萍.特高含水期厚油层细分挖潜方法研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发, 2005, 1.
[25]赵翰卿.对储层流动单元研究的认识与建议[J].大庆石油地质与开,2001,3.
[26]张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版) , 2006,03.
[27]徐大书,胥中义.应用示踪剂监测技术评价油藏井组动态变化[J].石油天然气学报, 2006,04.
[28]曾祥平.聚合物驱剩余油数值模拟定量描述[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 01.
[29]陈宝来.油层中残余油的分布[J].油气田开发工程译丛,1987, 4:17~19.
[30]于洪文.油层平面非均质分布形态对开采动态的影响研究[J].石油勘探与开发1992,19(2):49~55.
[31]毕卓新,黄隆基.测井方法与水驱油动力学方法相结合确定水驱油藏剩余油的分布[J].测井技术,1995,19(4):235~243.
[32]李国庆,阎建华.应用油藏数值模拟技术研究剩余油分布[J].试采技术,1995,16(3): 23~26.
[33] Miska S,Qiu WY,Volk L.Analysis of Drillpipe/Coiled-Tubing Buckling in a Constant-Curvature VellBore.JPT,1998, 5:66~68.
[34] Jian F X, Chork C Y,Taggart I J,et al. 1995.A Genetic approach to the prediction of petrophysical properties, Journal of Petroleum Geology, Vol.17,1.
[35] Alabert F ,Modot V. 1992.Stochastic models of Reservoir Heterogeneity: Impact on connectivity and Average Permeabilities[C]. SPE24893, SPE Annual Technical conference and Exhibition, Washington D C
[36] Amaefule J O, Mehmet A,Djebbar T,et al. 1993. Enhanced reservoir description: using core and log data to identify hydraulic (f1ow)units and predict permeability in uncored intervals /wells[C]. Formation Evaluation and Reservoir Geology Proceedings -SPE Annual Technical conference and Exhibition. V Omega l993. SPE, Richardson, Tx, USA.
[2]赵永胜.剩余油分布研究中的几个问题[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1996, 12:11~13.
[3]刘丁曾等主编.大庆油田勘探开发研究论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995:33~36.
[4]巢华庆主编.大庆油田(1996-1998)油藏工程优秀论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:15~16.
[5]夏位荣,张占峰,程时清编著.油气田开发地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[6]冈秦麟主编.高含水期油田改善水驱效果新技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:23~27.
[7]耿全喜,钟兴水主编.油田开发测井技术[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1992:35
[8]喻高明.垂向非均质砂岩油藏周期注水机理数值模拟研究[J].西南石油学院学报,1997,4:23.
[9]李继庆,姜喜庆,杜晓明等.精细地质研究在聚合物驱开发中的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,2:15.
[10]崔萍等.利用示踪剂方法确定油藏地层参数和剩余油饱和度[J].石油地质与工程,2009,6:10.
[11]张善杰等.井间示踪测试中示踪剂用量计算方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,4:23.
[12]徐大书等.应用示踪剂监测技术评价油藏井组动态变化[J].石油天然气学报,2006,4:10.
[13]刘希胜.井底流场模拟实验示踪方法[J].石油钻采工艺,1989,11:3.
[14]邱凌.示踪剂和压力测试分析平面非均质油藏的特性[J].石油勘探开发情报,1992,2:126~138.
[15]李淑霞.井间示踪剂测试的数值模拟方法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1997,21(3) :43~45.
[16]李淑霞,陈月明.利用井间示踪剂确定剩余油饱和度的方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2) :73~75.
[17]王利美,张国萍.井间示踪剂大孔道识别及剩余油饱和度分布技术[J].断块油气田,2003,10(4) :72~73.
[18]牛栓文,赵晓燕.分层示踪剂测试技术在合采合注油藏开发中的应用[J].测井技术,2005,29(4) :376~378.
[19]刘晓兰,姜瑞忠,郑勇,韩明俊,刘湘华.示踪剂产出曲线双峰值研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,1
[20]殷志华.示踪测试在油田开发中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2006,4.
[21]董兰屏,庞巨丰,韩焘,王迎辉,范斐,徐佳.井间示踪测试中筛选示踪剂的方法[J].电子测试, 2010, 01.
[22]刘均荣.浅层正韵律厚油层高含水期挖潜方法探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29,3.
[23]赵明国.油层物理实验[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[24]李卫彬,王丽英,孙庆萍.特高含水期厚油层细分挖潜方法研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发, 2005, 1.
[25]赵翰卿.对储层流动单元研究的认识与建议[J].大庆石油地质与开,2001,3.
[26]张钊,陈明强,高永利.应用示踪技术评价低渗透油藏油水井间连通关系[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版) , 2006,03.
[27]徐大书,胥中义.应用示踪剂监测技术评价油藏井组动态变化[J].石油天然气学报, 2006,04.
[28]曾祥平.聚合物驱剩余油数值模拟定量描述[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 01.
[29]陈宝来.油层中残余油的分布[J].油气田开发工程译丛,1987, 4:17~19.
[30]于洪文.油层平面非均质分布形态对开采动态的影响研究[J].石油勘探与开发1992,19(2):49~55.
[31]毕卓新,黄隆基.测井方法与水驱油动力学方法相结合确定水驱油藏剩余油的分布[J].测井技术,1995,19(4):235~243.
[32]李国庆,阎建华.应用油藏数值模拟技术研究剩余油分布[J].试采技术,1995,16(3): 23~26.
[33] Miska S,Qiu WY,Volk L.Analysis of Drillpipe/Coiled-Tubing Buckling in a Constant-Curvature VellBore.JPT,1998, 5:66~68.
[34] Jian F X, Chork C Y,Taggart I J,et al. 1995.A Genetic approach to the prediction of petrophysical properties, Journal of Petroleum Geology, Vol.17,1.
[35] Alabert F ,Modot V. 1992.Stochastic models of Reservoir Heterogeneity: Impact on connectivity and Average Permeabilities[C]. SPE24893, SPE Annual Technical conference and Exhibition, Washington D C
[36] Amaefule J O, Mehmet A,Djebbar T,et al. 1993. Enhanced reservoir description: using core and log data to identify hydraulic (f1ow)units and predict permeability in uncored intervals /wells[C]. Formation Evaluation and Reservoir Geology Proceedings -SPE Annual Technical conference and Exhibition. V Omega l993. SPE, Richardson, Tx, USA.