冷蒿VOCs成分对几种牧草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
为了探讨冷蒿VOCs对牧草的化感作用,本研究根据热脱附-气谱-质谱联用(TCT-GC-MS)技术对冷蒿挥发性有机物(VOCs)成分及其释放动态规律的分析结果,选择桉树脑、α-蒎烯和樟脑等三种单体化合物对黄花草木樨、披碱草和蒙古冰草种子及幼苗进行处理,采用生物测定法对种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理生化情况进行了测定,初步得出以下结论:
1.桉树脑、α-蒎烯和樟脑使牧草种子发芽率降低,并随浓度的增加,对种子的萌发抑制作用逐渐增强;对受试牧草苗期幼芽和幼根伸长生长的影响具有明显差异,低浓度樟脑和α-蒎烯对三种牧草幼苗幼根的促进作用大于幼芽,高浓度α-蒎烯抑制黄花草木樨幼芽生长,而桉树脑、樟脑则抑制牧草的幼根生长;影响水分代谢及幼苗生物量的累积(具有选择专一性),即干重根冠比。
2.α-蒎烯和单体混合物利于黄花草木樨幼苗叶绿素和营养物质的累积、SOD和CAT活性的增加;α-蒎烯能增加幼苗抗逆性(可溶性糖含量增加),其低浓度处理液促幼苗根系活力;三种单体混合物对幼苗叶片脂膜的伤害最小。单体混合物降低黄花草木樨幼苗抗逆性;α-蒎烯对幼苗叶片伤害较大(MDA含量增加)。
3.低浓度单体混合物极显著(P<0.01)促披碱草幼苗叶绿素含量的增加,SOD、POD、CAT活性的增强;三种单体混合物和樟脑可提高幼苗抗逆性;对幼苗叶片脂膜的伤害最小的是单体混合物,其次是樟脑;VOCs单体比其混合物更能增强幼苗根系活力,其作用强度依次是桉树脑、α-蒎烯、樟脑;单体混合物对可溶性蛋白质含量的抑制作用最大。
4.单体混合物极显著(P<0.01)促蒙古冰草幼苗总叶绿素含量增加,其低浓度单体混合物极显著提高幼苗SOD、POD活性;桉树脑和樟脑促幼苗可溶性蛋白质含量的作用均达到极显著水平;α-蒎烯和桉树脑增强幼苗抗逆性;低浓度桉树脑和樟脑能极显著促幼苗根系活力;对叶片脂膜的伤害最小的是三种单体混合物,伤害最大的属α-蒎烯。单体混合物和高浓度α-蒎烯对幼苗根系活力的抑制作用最大,并达到极显著水平。
本研究表明,a-蒎烯、桉树脑和樟脑等三种单体化合物分别对黄花草木樨、披碱草、蒙古冰草的种子萌发、苗期幼苗生长与生理特征存在不同的化感作用。
To explore and research the Allelopathy that is VOCs from Artemisia frigida willd on the grazes,we do this study by below stepes:At first,we draw on the cineole、α-pinene and camphor,which is accoding on frigida volatile organic compounds that analyzed by the technology of thermal desorption-gas spectrum-mass spectrometry (TCT-GC-MS) and the dynamic law that released of components, and treat with seed and seedlings of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb、Elymus dahuricus Turcz.、Agropyron mongolicum Keng;And then, we processed the indexs of seed and seedlings,using biometrics on the seed germination、seedling growth and physiological situation; Last ,we make the following conclusions preliminary:
1.The three kinds of VOCs are decreased the Germination towared the grazes seeds,and the inhibition on the germination enhanced, accompanying increasing of treatment consistence;there are signigicantly difference between the effect on the bud and root,the effect on the root more than bud with camphor、α-pinene at lower consistence,the growth of bud of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb byα-pinene higher consistence, cineole、camphor synthetic inhibited the growing of root of seedlings; effect on the moisture metabolization and accumulation (single-minded selection)of the seedings,which emerged at the rate of root and germ.
2.Theα-pinene and VOCs’mixture redound for the accumulation of nutrients of seedlings,and increasing of SOD、CAT`activity of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb;α-pinene could increase anti-adversity ability (content of soluble sugar increased)of seedling , the low concentration treatment could promote root system vigor; the damage mostly to leaves`perviousness of fat-membranc by VOCs’mixture is minimzed.VOCs’mixture decreased resistance of seedling of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb; the damage on leaves fromα-pinene is larger than other VOCs(content of MDA increased).
3. Low concentration of VOCs’mixture promote the increasing of chlorophyll content and raising of activity of SOD、POD、CAT of seedling of Elymus dahuricus Turcz at futher significantly diference (P <0.01);VOCs’mixture and camphor can improve resistance of seedling; the damage to leaves’perviousness of fat-membranc by VOCs’mixture is fisrt, camphor synthetic followed; the enhancement on root system vigors by VOCs’mixture is better than VOCs, the interaction strength followed cineole,α-pinene, camphor synthetic; the lagerly inhibition on soluble protein content of seedlinds is VOCs`mixture.
4. VOCs’mixture promote the total chlorophyll content of seedling, Agropyron mongolicum Keng ,at futher significantly diference(P<0.01), the low concentration of VOCs’mixture was increased SOD, POD activity of seedling significantly; cineole and camphor synthetic promote the content of soluble protein of seedling; a-pinene and cineloe increased resistance of seedling;low concentration of cineloe and camghor synthetic promoted the root system vigor futher significantly;the minimal damage on the leaves is VOCs’mixture,on the contrary,and the greatest harm isα-pinene.VOCs’mixture and the high concentration ofα-pinene are inhibited the root activities maximal, and all of them achieve to the futher significant diference level (P<0.01).
This study shows, a-pinene、cineloe and camphor synthetic,the three kinds of VOCs’compounds,are putting up the potential Allelopathy toward the seed germination and physiological characteristics of seedlings of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb、Elymus dahuricus Turcz.、Agropyron mongolicum Keng.
1.桉树脑、α-蒎烯和樟脑使牧草种子发芽率降低,并随浓度的增加,对种子的萌发抑制作用逐渐增强;对受试牧草苗期幼芽和幼根伸长生长的影响具有明显差异,低浓度樟脑和α-蒎烯对三种牧草幼苗幼根的促进作用大于幼芽,高浓度α-蒎烯抑制黄花草木樨幼芽生长,而桉树脑、樟脑则抑制牧草的幼根生长;影响水分代谢及幼苗生物量的累积(具有选择专一性),即干重根冠比。
2.α-蒎烯和单体混合物利于黄花草木樨幼苗叶绿素和营养物质的累积、SOD和CAT活性的增加;α-蒎烯能增加幼苗抗逆性(可溶性糖含量增加),其低浓度处理液促幼苗根系活力;三种单体混合物对幼苗叶片脂膜的伤害最小。单体混合物降低黄花草木樨幼苗抗逆性;α-蒎烯对幼苗叶片伤害较大(MDA含量增加)。
3.低浓度单体混合物极显著(P<0.01)促披碱草幼苗叶绿素含量的增加,SOD、POD、CAT活性的增强;三种单体混合物和樟脑可提高幼苗抗逆性;对幼苗叶片脂膜的伤害最小的是单体混合物,其次是樟脑;VOCs单体比其混合物更能增强幼苗根系活力,其作用强度依次是桉树脑、α-蒎烯、樟脑;单体混合物对可溶性蛋白质含量的抑制作用最大。
4.单体混合物极显著(P<0.01)促蒙古冰草幼苗总叶绿素含量增加,其低浓度单体混合物极显著提高幼苗SOD、POD活性;桉树脑和樟脑促幼苗可溶性蛋白质含量的作用均达到极显著水平;α-蒎烯和桉树脑增强幼苗抗逆性;低浓度桉树脑和樟脑能极显著促幼苗根系活力;对叶片脂膜的伤害最小的是三种单体混合物,伤害最大的属α-蒎烯。单体混合物和高浓度α-蒎烯对幼苗根系活力的抑制作用最大,并达到极显著水平。
本研究表明,a-蒎烯、桉树脑和樟脑等三种单体化合物分别对黄花草木樨、披碱草、蒙古冰草的种子萌发、苗期幼苗生长与生理特征存在不同的化感作用。
To explore and research the Allelopathy that is VOCs from Artemisia frigida willd on the grazes,we do this study by below stepes:At first,we draw on the cineole、α-pinene and camphor,which is accoding on frigida volatile organic compounds that analyzed by the technology of thermal desorption-gas spectrum-mass spectrometry (TCT-GC-MS) and the dynamic law that released of components, and treat with seed and seedlings of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb、Elymus dahuricus Turcz.、Agropyron mongolicum Keng;And then, we processed the indexs of seed and seedlings,using biometrics on the seed germination、seedling growth and physiological situation; Last ,we make the following conclusions preliminary:
1.The three kinds of VOCs are decreased the Germination towared the grazes seeds,and the inhibition on the germination enhanced, accompanying increasing of treatment consistence;there are signigicantly difference between the effect on the bud and root,the effect on the root more than bud with camphor、α-pinene at lower consistence,the growth of bud of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb byα-pinene higher consistence, cineole、camphor synthetic inhibited the growing of root of seedlings; effect on the moisture metabolization and accumulation (single-minded selection)of the seedings,which emerged at the rate of root and germ.
2.Theα-pinene and VOCs’mixture redound for the accumulation of nutrients of seedlings,and increasing of SOD、CAT`activity of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb;α-pinene could increase anti-adversity ability (content of soluble sugar increased)of seedling , the low concentration treatment could promote root system vigor; the damage mostly to leaves`perviousness of fat-membranc by VOCs’mixture is minimzed.VOCs’mixture decreased resistance of seedling of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb; the damage on leaves fromα-pinene is larger than other VOCs(content of MDA increased).
3. Low concentration of VOCs’mixture promote the increasing of chlorophyll content and raising of activity of SOD、POD、CAT of seedling of Elymus dahuricus Turcz at futher significantly diference (P <0.01);VOCs’mixture and camphor can improve resistance of seedling; the damage to leaves’perviousness of fat-membranc by VOCs’mixture is fisrt, camphor synthetic followed; the enhancement on root system vigors by VOCs’mixture is better than VOCs, the interaction strength followed cineole,α-pinene, camphor synthetic; the lagerly inhibition on soluble protein content of seedlinds is VOCs`mixture.
4. VOCs’mixture promote the total chlorophyll content of seedling, Agropyron mongolicum Keng ,at futher significantly diference(P<0.01), the low concentration of VOCs’mixture was increased SOD, POD activity of seedling significantly; cineole and camphor synthetic promote the content of soluble protein of seedling; a-pinene and cineloe increased resistance of seedling;low concentration of cineloe and camghor synthetic promoted the root system vigor futher significantly;the minimal damage on the leaves is VOCs’mixture,on the contrary,and the greatest harm isα-pinene.VOCs’mixture and the high concentration ofα-pinene are inhibited the root activities maximal, and all of them achieve to the futher significant diference level (P<0.01).
This study shows, a-pinene、cineloe and camphor synthetic,the three kinds of VOCs’compounds,are putting up the potential Allelopathy toward the seed germination and physiological characteristics of seedlings of Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb、Elymus dahuricus Turcz.、Agropyron mongolicum Keng.
引文
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