山西风景名胜区入口公共服务区域的地域性设计方法研究
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摘要
进入21世纪,旅游业迅猛发展,在它为国家的社会经济带来增长的同时也引发了一些问题。本文从风景区开发和保护的矛盾入手,以入口公共服务区域为重点,关注其地域性特征的体现。这正顺应了全球化背景下,我国提倡建设节约型社会,实现可持续发展的原则,本文希望可以在实际项目中将这一原则进行实践、延续和发展。
风景区入口公共服务区域是游客进入风景区后的第一站,相当于一首美妙音乐的的序曲,好的序曲可以使听众沉醉于整首乐章,优秀的风景区入口设计亦能激发游客的兴趣,引导其深入整个风景区而流连忘返,所以其规划在整个景区的开发中占据了极其重要的地位,值得深入研究。
第一章关注当前风景区开发中普遍存在的开发与保护不能并行的问题。介绍了我国风景名胜区的发展现状,提出了风景区规划中出现的一些问题和几种观点;解释了课题相关概念和理论;分析了国内外风景区规划的理论研究和实际发展状况;最后指出问题所在。
第二章主要介绍了风景区入口公共服务区域的研究对象、历史变迁、选址和布局。
第三章详细阐释了风景区入口公共服务区域的分类、内容、组成要素,并说明了各要素的空间分布序列及入口服务区域容量的计算方法。
第四章分析了山西省风景区入口公共服务区域的地域性特征,从自然条件、文化因素和地域性技术三个方面进行了详细解读。通过对山西省六个比较有代表性的风景区的研究,详实地说明了项目设计所体现的地域性特征,同时也表明其发展也受到当时当地的社会经济条件影响。而如何使珍贵的地域性特征得以延续是本文最终要探索的问题。
第五章以笔者参与设计的安国寺风景区为例,对第四章提出的问题进行实例解答。安国寺景区入口公共服务区域规划设计关注风景区入口、公共服务区域及其地域性特征,深入剖析了地域性特征的延续在风景区入口公共服务区域规划建设工作中的重要性,初步实践了体现地域性特征的设计方法。
第六章对地域性的规划设计方法进行了总结,系统地指出只有从项目所在地区的地域性特征出发,立足于科学发展观,把握经济性和生态性原则,充分贯彻“因材施用、因地制宜”的规划思想,结合经济学中的环境资源获取经济性原理、生态学中的“适度干扰”、文脉设计等原则,才能实现风景区建设中经济性和生态性最大化的目标,实现可持续发展。
In the 21st century, the rapid development of tourism brings not only social-economic growth but also a number of problems. In this paper begin with the development and protection of scenic areas,pay attention to the public service facilities of the entrance area, focusing on regional characteristics of its manifestation and take the sustainable development as a goal. With the background of globalization, it coincides with China’s advocates of building a conservation-minded society and make the goal of sustainable development come true. We will try our best to make some practice , continuation and development in the construction of the entrance area of scenic areas and the public service region ,the planning of which occupy a vital position in the development of the entire spots.
The public service region in the entrance of scenic areas is the first station that the tourists stop after they walk into the Scenic area. We can compare it to the Overture of a wonderful music, which will allow listeners well absorbed in the entire whole music. An outstanding scenic entrance area design can also stimulate the tourists’s interest and guide them to the depth and intoxicated in the whole scenic area, so their planning plays an extremely important role in the whole development of the scenic spot and it worth an in-depth study.
The topic focusing on the development and protection of the scenic area can not parallelley move on. We preface in the first chapter the development of scenic spots, proposed several emerging issues and perspectives about scenic areas planning; explained the relevant concepts and theories; analysis the development of theoretical and practice of national and foreign scenic planning research. Finally the author points out where the problem lies.
Chapter II introduced the public services facalities of scenic entrance area and its historical changes.
Chapter III explained the classification, content and elements of the scenic entrance public services in detail. And also describes the elements’s sequences of spatial distribution.
Chapter IV analyzes the regional characteristics of the n scenic entrance public services area in Shanxi province from the natural conditions, cultural factors and regional technical interpretation in detail. Through a typical study of the scenic area in Shanxi Province ,the author not only illustrates the regional characteristics of an exact area, but also shows how the development of local social-economic conditions put impaction on it. How can we make a continuitly of the valuable features of the region?
Chapter V is an introduction of Anguo Temple Scenic Area which attempt to implement the regional characteristics design method from the actual practice which is proposed in Chapter IV. The regional planning of the entrance public services area of Anguo Temple scenic area linked the key words Entrance of Scenic spots, public service areas and regional characteristics together. Study the rules of changes, predict its development trend in the future, know their consumer preferences, guide the market position of the project, provide reference for the formulation of business strategies.
The planning of Anguo Temple scenic area is a depth analysis of the importance of the continuity of regional characteristics and get through it in the design.
Chapter VI summarized the methods of regional planning and design. Systematically point out only begin with the regional characteristics of the typical area, based on the scientific concept of development, grasp the economic and ecological principles, put full implementation on the principle,conform to the natural、following of local conditions, using local materials, combine the principle in economic that it should be environmental when we access to the environmental resources, interference moderately in ecology and design with the traditional culture, grasp the regional characteristics,imple the maximize of economic and ecological principles and can also achieve sustainable development.
风景区入口公共服务区域是游客进入风景区后的第一站,相当于一首美妙音乐的的序曲,好的序曲可以使听众沉醉于整首乐章,优秀的风景区入口设计亦能激发游客的兴趣,引导其深入整个风景区而流连忘返,所以其规划在整个景区的开发中占据了极其重要的地位,值得深入研究。
第一章关注当前风景区开发中普遍存在的开发与保护不能并行的问题。介绍了我国风景名胜区的发展现状,提出了风景区规划中出现的一些问题和几种观点;解释了课题相关概念和理论;分析了国内外风景区规划的理论研究和实际发展状况;最后指出问题所在。
第二章主要介绍了风景区入口公共服务区域的研究对象、历史变迁、选址和布局。
第三章详细阐释了风景区入口公共服务区域的分类、内容、组成要素,并说明了各要素的空间分布序列及入口服务区域容量的计算方法。
第四章分析了山西省风景区入口公共服务区域的地域性特征,从自然条件、文化因素和地域性技术三个方面进行了详细解读。通过对山西省六个比较有代表性的风景区的研究,详实地说明了项目设计所体现的地域性特征,同时也表明其发展也受到当时当地的社会经济条件影响。而如何使珍贵的地域性特征得以延续是本文最终要探索的问题。
第五章以笔者参与设计的安国寺风景区为例,对第四章提出的问题进行实例解答。安国寺景区入口公共服务区域规划设计关注风景区入口、公共服务区域及其地域性特征,深入剖析了地域性特征的延续在风景区入口公共服务区域规划建设工作中的重要性,初步实践了体现地域性特征的设计方法。
第六章对地域性的规划设计方法进行了总结,系统地指出只有从项目所在地区的地域性特征出发,立足于科学发展观,把握经济性和生态性原则,充分贯彻“因材施用、因地制宜”的规划思想,结合经济学中的环境资源获取经济性原理、生态学中的“适度干扰”、文脉设计等原则,才能实现风景区建设中经济性和生态性最大化的目标,实现可持续发展。
In the 21st century, the rapid development of tourism brings not only social-economic growth but also a number of problems. In this paper begin with the development and protection of scenic areas,pay attention to the public service facilities of the entrance area, focusing on regional characteristics of its manifestation and take the sustainable development as a goal. With the background of globalization, it coincides with China’s advocates of building a conservation-minded society and make the goal of sustainable development come true. We will try our best to make some practice , continuation and development in the construction of the entrance area of scenic areas and the public service region ,the planning of which occupy a vital position in the development of the entire spots.
The public service region in the entrance of scenic areas is the first station that the tourists stop after they walk into the Scenic area. We can compare it to the Overture of a wonderful music, which will allow listeners well absorbed in the entire whole music. An outstanding scenic entrance area design can also stimulate the tourists’s interest and guide them to the depth and intoxicated in the whole scenic area, so their planning plays an extremely important role in the whole development of the scenic spot and it worth an in-depth study.
The topic focusing on the development and protection of the scenic area can not parallelley move on. We preface in the first chapter the development of scenic spots, proposed several emerging issues and perspectives about scenic areas planning; explained the relevant concepts and theories; analysis the development of theoretical and practice of national and foreign scenic planning research. Finally the author points out where the problem lies.
Chapter II introduced the public services facalities of scenic entrance area and its historical changes.
Chapter III explained the classification, content and elements of the scenic entrance public services in detail. And also describes the elements’s sequences of spatial distribution.
Chapter IV analyzes the regional characteristics of the n scenic entrance public services area in Shanxi province from the natural conditions, cultural factors and regional technical interpretation in detail. Through a typical study of the scenic area in Shanxi Province ,the author not only illustrates the regional characteristics of an exact area, but also shows how the development of local social-economic conditions put impaction on it. How can we make a continuitly of the valuable features of the region?
Chapter V is an introduction of Anguo Temple Scenic Area which attempt to implement the regional characteristics design method from the actual practice which is proposed in Chapter IV. The regional planning of the entrance public services area of Anguo Temple scenic area linked the key words Entrance of Scenic spots, public service areas and regional characteristics together. Study the rules of changes, predict its development trend in the future, know their consumer preferences, guide the market position of the project, provide reference for the formulation of business strategies.
The planning of Anguo Temple scenic area is a depth analysis of the importance of the continuity of regional characteristics and get through it in the design.
Chapter VI summarized the methods of regional planning and design. Systematically point out only begin with the regional characteristics of the typical area, based on the scientific concept of development, grasp the economic and ecological principles, put full implementation on the principle,conform to the natural、following of local conditions, using local materials, combine the principle in economic that it should be environmental when we access to the environmental resources, interference moderately in ecology and design with the traditional culture, grasp the regional characteristics,imple the maximize of economic and ecological principles and can also achieve sustainable development.
引文
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[2]吴文英.苏州西部环太湖地区旅游业发展模式与问题研究[J].苏州市职业大学学报,2007.
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[5]李雨明.认知、继承与提炼——谈地域特征在泉州城南片区整治中的延续[J].华中建筑,2007,11:1-3.
[6]胡毅.中国风景名胜区的机遇与挑战——麦积山风景名胜区的设计与思考[J].泰州职业技术学院学报,2001,6:1-5.
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[8]武荷荏.景观空间的创造——记仙华山风景区入口区改造规划设计[J].中国园林,2002,1:41-43.
[9] http://baike.baidu.com/view/649735.htm.
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[11]张国强.风景规划——<风景名胜区规划规范>实施手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[12]旅游规划通则http://baike.baidu.com/view/960458.htm.
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[20]刘静.国内城市近郊风景名胜区入口空间规划设计研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2007, 22-24.
[21]单德启.天工人巧,两臻其美——以黄山为例探讨风景名胜区建筑文化[J].华中建筑,2003,2:1-9.
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[23]蔡镇钰.地域性建筑[J].上海城市规划,2001,4:23-24.
[24]赵伟.山岳型风景区游客中心规划建筑设计研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2006, 8-11.
[25]付军.风景区规划[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006,10一120.
[26]朱小雷.生活模式进化:一种地域性城市——设计的研究思路[J].2006,3:98-106.
[27]林菁,王向荣.地域特征与景观形式[J].中国园林,2005,6:16-24.
[28]张秀媛,董苏华,蔡华民.城市停车规划与管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006,76-93.
[29]何宇飞.地域性建筑的创造[J].福建建筑,2007,5:1-3.
[30]赵曼丽.地域性建筑美学价值浅析[J].四川建筑,2007,12:45-48.
[31]李金凤.文脉·景观·功能与风景区建筑的形式探讨—以辽宁望天洞景滨河建坎设计为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[32]刘虹.金华双龙洞风景名胜区村落景观适宜性研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[33]王婧.风景名胜区村落景观的特色与整合[D].南京:南京林业大学,2007.
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[2]吴文英.苏州西部环太湖地区旅游业发展模式与问题研究[J].苏州市职业大学学报,2007.
[3]柏杨.旅游业的发展与风景名胜区的保护[J].安徽商贸职业技术学院学报,2005,1:33-36.
[4]周虹.旅游开发对风景区可持续发展的影响及对策[D].北京:北京林业大学,2004.
[5]李雨明.认知、继承与提炼——谈地域特征在泉州城南片区整治中的延续[J].华中建筑,2007,11:1-3.
[6]胡毅.中国风景名胜区的机遇与挑战——麦积山风景名胜区的设计与思考[J].泰州职业技术学院学报,2001,6:1-5.
[7]芦原义信著,尹培桐译.外部空间设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985.
[8]武荷荏.景观空间的创造——记仙华山风景区入口区改造规划设计[J].中国园林,2002,1:41-43.
[9] http://baike.baidu.com/view/649735.htm.
[10]谭蔚.地域性特征的形成与演替——汉文化影响下下的云南历史文化城镇空间形态比较研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学.
[11]张国强.风景规划——<风景名胜区规划规范>实施手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[12]旅游规划通则http://baike.baidu.com/view/960458.htm.
[13]石谦飞.建筑环境与建筑环境心理学[M].太原:山西古籍出版社,2001:49.
[14]张文忠.公共建筑设计原理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[15] http://baike.baidu.com/view/1014921.htm.
[16] [美]凯文·林奇.城市形态[M].北京:华夏出版社,2001.
[17]赵刚.地域文化回归与地域建筑特色再创造[J].华中建筑,2001,2.
[18]李娜.风景区的入口空间研究[J].安徽建筑,2002,4:1-3.
[19]林菁,王向荣.鸡公山风景名胜区入口区设计[J].中国园林,2003,6:50-52.
[20]刘静.国内城市近郊风景名胜区入口空间规划设计研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2007, 22-24.
[21]单德启.天工人巧,两臻其美——以黄山为例探讨风景名胜区建筑文化[J].华中建筑,2003,2:1-9.
[22]沈三陵,王亦知.建筑创新与地域文化——谈黄龙风景区的规划设计[J].建筑学报,2003,4:52-54.
[23]蔡镇钰.地域性建筑[J].上海城市规划,2001,4:23-24.
[24]赵伟.山岳型风景区游客中心规划建筑设计研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2006, 8-11.
[25]付军.风景区规划[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006,10一120.
[26]朱小雷.生活模式进化:一种地域性城市——设计的研究思路[J].2006,3:98-106.
[27]林菁,王向荣.地域特征与景观形式[J].中国园林,2005,6:16-24.
[28]张秀媛,董苏华,蔡华民.城市停车规划与管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006,76-93.
[29]何宇飞.地域性建筑的创造[J].福建建筑,2007,5:1-3.
[30]赵曼丽.地域性建筑美学价值浅析[J].四川建筑,2007,12:45-48.
[31]李金凤.文脉·景观·功能与风景区建筑的形式探讨—以辽宁望天洞景滨河建坎设计为例[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
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