扩展集装箱式活动房非线性静力分析
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摘要
本文研究的对象为总后建筑工程研究所研制开发的一种新型轻钢结构活动房——新型扩展集装箱式活动房,主要研究的内容包括:新型扩展集装箱式活动房整体分别在横向10级风荷载(0.5kN/m2)和20cm厚雪荷载(0.3kN/m2)作用下的结构受力变形性能;基于非线性静力有限元分析基本理论,对新型扩展集装箱式活动房建立空间整体有限元模型,分别进行横向风荷载和雪荷载作用下的非线性静力有限元分析,以得到结构的弹塑性发展特性、塑性铰的出现顺序以及分布情况、结构倒塌破坏时的极限承载力。
在新型扩展集装箱式活动房风荷载和雪荷载试验中,对活动房纵向1/2原型结构(原型结构为纵向、横向均对称的结构)分别进行了横向10级风荷载和20cm雪荷载作用下的静力试验,在试验中得到了主要构件的受力变形特性。试验研究表明:活动房的设计是合理的,完全符合设计要求,而且构件强度上有很大的安全系数。
通过对新型扩展集装箱式活动房整体进行横向风荷载和雪荷载作用下的线性及非线性静力有限元分析,研究结果表明:活动房在横向10级风荷载和20cm雪荷载作用下的计算值与试验值吻合较好;夹层板对于增强铝合金框架的整体刚度以及提高活动房整体承载力起到了重要作用;活动房在小于基本风压0.575 kN/m2(相当于11级风荷载)及雪压0.685 kN/m2(相当于45.7cm厚雪荷载)作用下,各构件表现出良好的线弹性工作性能;活动房在风荷载和雪荷载作用下均有较高的极限承载力,极限风荷载为2.54 kN/m2,极限雪荷载为2.285 kN/m2。综上分析结果,对活动房建立空间整体有限元模型进行非线性静力分析能取得预期结果,揭示了结构的薄弱位置及破坏原因,进而为获得结构的安全可靠度提供了理论依据。
In the article, the trailer coach which contents special needs in military is a new type of lightweight steel structure-extendable container trailer coach. The main contents of the dissertation include: bearing and deforming behavior of extendable container trailer coach under 10 grade wind load of lateral direction (0.5kN/m2) and snow load of 20cm (0.3kN/m2); establishing space finite element model of extendable container trailer coach based on the theory of nonlinear static anaysis; in order to find the development of structural elasto-plastic, the appearing orders and distribution of plastic hinges and ultimate bearing capacity of structural collapse, carrying through statics nonlinear finite element analysis of trailer coach under wind load of lateral direction and snow load.
In the experiment of extendable container trailer coach, the static test of trailer coach is half of prototype structure of trailer coach (the prototype structure is symmetrical structural of vertical direction and lateral direction) under 10 grade wind load of lateral direction (0.5kN/m2) and snow load of 20cm (0.3kN/m2), consequently finding stress and deformation characteristics of the mian component. The experimental investigation indicated that the design of trailer coach is rational and complete compliance with the design requirements, and that the strength of component has prodigious safety factor.
By static nonlinear finite element analysis of the new type of extendable container trailer coach under wind load of lateral direction and snow load, findings indicated that the results of trailer coach under wind load of lateral direction and snow load calculated by finite element calculation are in good agreement with the test results, the rigidity of purline is relative weakness, the joint of beam and rooftruss is the weaking department the vital function of sandwich plate is that it can enhances the entire rigidity of frames of aluminum alloy and the ultimate bearing capacity of trailer coach, when the trailer coach under less than basic wind pressure of 0.575 kN/m2 (equal to 11 grade wind load) or snow pressure of 0.685 kN/m2 (equal to 45.7cm snow load), each component show good serveice behavior of linear elasticity, and the ultimate bearing capacity of trailer coach under wind load and snow load is higer, the ultimate wind load is 2.54 kN/m2 , the ultimate snow load is 2.285 kN/m2. Colligating the analysis shows that establishing space finite element model of extendable container trailer to carry through static nonlinear analysis can acquire expected results, and offering theoretical basis for acquiring the reliability.
在新型扩展集装箱式活动房风荷载和雪荷载试验中,对活动房纵向1/2原型结构(原型结构为纵向、横向均对称的结构)分别进行了横向10级风荷载和20cm雪荷载作用下的静力试验,在试验中得到了主要构件的受力变形特性。试验研究表明:活动房的设计是合理的,完全符合设计要求,而且构件强度上有很大的安全系数。
通过对新型扩展集装箱式活动房整体进行横向风荷载和雪荷载作用下的线性及非线性静力有限元分析,研究结果表明:活动房在横向10级风荷载和20cm雪荷载作用下的计算值与试验值吻合较好;夹层板对于增强铝合金框架的整体刚度以及提高活动房整体承载力起到了重要作用;活动房在小于基本风压0.575 kN/m2(相当于11级风荷载)及雪压0.685 kN/m2(相当于45.7cm厚雪荷载)作用下,各构件表现出良好的线弹性工作性能;活动房在风荷载和雪荷载作用下均有较高的极限承载力,极限风荷载为2.54 kN/m2,极限雪荷载为2.285 kN/m2。综上分析结果,对活动房建立空间整体有限元模型进行非线性静力分析能取得预期结果,揭示了结构的薄弱位置及破坏原因,进而为获得结构的安全可靠度提供了理论依据。
In the article, the trailer coach which contents special needs in military is a new type of lightweight steel structure-extendable container trailer coach. The main contents of the dissertation include: bearing and deforming behavior of extendable container trailer coach under 10 grade wind load of lateral direction (0.5kN/m2) and snow load of 20cm (0.3kN/m2); establishing space finite element model of extendable container trailer coach based on the theory of nonlinear static anaysis; in order to find the development of structural elasto-plastic, the appearing orders and distribution of plastic hinges and ultimate bearing capacity of structural collapse, carrying through statics nonlinear finite element analysis of trailer coach under wind load of lateral direction and snow load.
In the experiment of extendable container trailer coach, the static test of trailer coach is half of prototype structure of trailer coach (the prototype structure is symmetrical structural of vertical direction and lateral direction) under 10 grade wind load of lateral direction (0.5kN/m2) and snow load of 20cm (0.3kN/m2), consequently finding stress and deformation characteristics of the mian component. The experimental investigation indicated that the design of trailer coach is rational and complete compliance with the design requirements, and that the strength of component has prodigious safety factor.
By static nonlinear finite element analysis of the new type of extendable container trailer coach under wind load of lateral direction and snow load, findings indicated that the results of trailer coach under wind load of lateral direction and snow load calculated by finite element calculation are in good agreement with the test results, the rigidity of purline is relative weakness, the joint of beam and rooftruss is the weaking department the vital function of sandwich plate is that it can enhances the entire rigidity of frames of aluminum alloy and the ultimate bearing capacity of trailer coach, when the trailer coach under less than basic wind pressure of 0.575 kN/m2 (equal to 11 grade wind load) or snow pressure of 0.685 kN/m2 (equal to 45.7cm snow load), each component show good serveice behavior of linear elasticity, and the ultimate bearing capacity of trailer coach under wind load and snow load is higer, the ultimate wind load is 2.54 kN/m2 , the ultimate snow load is 2.285 kN/m2. Colligating the analysis shows that establishing space finite element model of extendable container trailer to carry through static nonlinear analysis can acquire expected results, and offering theoretical basis for acquiring the reliability.
引文
[1]申世元、葛学礼等,拼装式轻钢活动房结构安全分析及改进意见,工程抗震与加固改造,2006,02:68~71
[2]高振永,玻璃钢活动房的应用,玻璃钢/复合材料,1985,03:31~33+25
[3]高振永,玻璃钢活动房墙体用夹芯材料的选择,玻璃钢/复合材料,1987,02:29~31
[4]王绍清,铝合金活动房屋,施工技术, 1984,01:22
[5]何一民、史万春,关于发展新型钢结构建筑的建议,钢结构,1996,03:31~35
[6]江世永、何建川等,新型可扩展、可拆装活动房结构体系,空间结构,1998,02:58~62
[7]沈祖德,带剪力墙板结构形式的轻钢活动房一种新型的现场用房,电力建设,1983,03:50~52
[8]林方,小型钢架活动房屋,建筑学报, 1966,02:26
[9]邓承议、李德辉、成培江等,一种新型活动房的研制与分析,四川建筑,1995,15(03):23~24
[10]总后建筑研究所,外军活动房屋研究[M],北京:知识出版社,1991
[11]湖南大学、太原工业大学、福州大学,建筑结构试验,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.5~12
[12]姚振纲、刘祖华,建筑结构试验,上海:同济大学出版社,1996.37~44
[13]中华人民共和国建设部,GB50009-2001,建筑结构荷载规范,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[14]Chan S.L. Geometric and material nonlinear analysis of beam-columns and frames using the minimum residual displacement method.Int.J.Num.methods Eng.1988,26:2657~2669
[15]Giuseppe Faella.‘Evaluation of the R/C structures seismic response by means o f nonlinear static push-over analysis’,11th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Mexico,1996
[16]Argyris J.H.,Drume P.C.,Malejanakis G.A.,Scharpf D.W.,On large displacement small strain analysis of structures with rotational degrees of freedom,Comput.Method Appl.Mech.Engry 1978-14:401-451and15:99-135
[17]Argyris J.H.,An excursion into large rotations, Comp. Meth.Appl.Meth.Eng 1982,32:85~155
[18]Bathe KJ.,Bolourcbi S.,large displacement analysis of three-dimensional beam structures,Int.J.,Meth.Eng.,1979,14:961~986
[19]Belytschko T,Hsieh B J.,Nonlinear finite element analysis with collected coordinates,Int.J.Num Meth.Eng,1973,7:255~27
[20]Chajes A,Churchill, J.E.,Nonlinear frame analysis by finite element methods,J.StructuralE ngineering,1987,113(6):1221~1235
[21]Peter Fajfar,‘A Nonlinear Analysis Method for Performance-based Seismic Design’,Earthquake Spectrum,1999,15,573~592
[22]沈观林,复合材料力学[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1996.52~76
[23]舒赣平、孟宪德、陈绍礼,钢框架的高等分析与设计,建筑结构学报,2005,01:51~59
[24]舒兴平、沈蒲生,平面钢框架结构的几何与材料非线性分析,湖南大学学报(自然科学版),1993,04:99~105
[25]舒兴平、沈蒲生,钢框架极限承载力的有限变形理论和试验研究,工程力学,1993,04:36~45
[26]李国强、刘玉姝,钢结构框架体系整体非线性分析研究综述,同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,02:15~21
[27]郑廷银、赵惠麟,空间钢框架结构的改进双重非线性分析,工程力学,2003,06,209~215+155
[28]秦荣,工程结构非线性,北京:科学出版社,2006.299~300
[29]张朝晖,ANSYS8.0结构分析及实例解析,北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[30]张胜民,基于有限元软件ANSYS7.0的结构分析,清华大学出版社,2003
[31]ANSYS Theory Reference, Electronic Release, SAS IP, Inc., 1998
[32]ANSYS非线性分析指南,ANSYS中国,2000
[33]嘉木工作室,ANSYS 5.7有限元实例分析教程,北京:机械工业出版社,2002.444～473
[34]夸克工作室,有限元分析基础篇ANSYS与Mathematica,北京:清华大学出版社,2002.514～541
[35]J.A.Yura,etal,Ultimate Capacity of Circular Tubular Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1981,107(10):1965~1984
[36]Yoshiaki Kurobane,etal,Ultimate Resistance of Unstifened Tubular Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1984,110(2):385~400
[37]Jihad S.Jubran and Wiliam RCofer,Finite-Element Modeling of Tubular Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1995,121(3):496~516
[38]Glenn A.Morris,etal,Yield Line Analysis of Cropped-Web Warren Truss Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1988,114(10):2210~2224
[39]E.Riks,An incremental approach to the solution of snapping and buckling problems,International Journal of Solid and Structures,1979,15:529~551
[40]G.A.Wempner,Discrete approximations related to nonlinear theories of solid,International Journal of Solid and Structures,1971,7:15811~15991
[41]M.A.Crisfield,A fast incremental/iterative solution procedure that handle snap-through,Computers and Structures,1981,13:55~ 62
[42]姜晋庆、张铎,结构弹塑性有限元分析方法,宇航出版社,1990.3~52
[43]吴卫华,K型钢管搭接节点极限承载力的非线性分析:[硕士学位论文],西安建筑科技大学,2005
[44]史永彬,钢框架在循环荷载作用下的非线性有限元研究:[硕士学位论文],沈阳建筑大学,2005
[45]胡时胜、刘剑飞等,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料本构关系的研究,力学学报, 1998,02:23~28
[46]王嵩、卢子兴,聚氨酯复合泡沫塑料的经验型压缩本构关系,北京力学会第11届学术年会论文摘要集,2005
[47]金绪刚、龚克成等,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料夹层结构的研制,材料开发与应用,1995,03:39~41
[48]韩强、黄小青、宁建国等,高等板壳理论,北京:科学出版社,2002.160~178
[49]孙艳军,轻型铝合金活动房屋结构的足尺寸试验研究,[硕士学位论文],长安大学,2006
[2]高振永,玻璃钢活动房的应用,玻璃钢/复合材料,1985,03:31~33+25
[3]高振永,玻璃钢活动房墙体用夹芯材料的选择,玻璃钢/复合材料,1987,02:29~31
[4]王绍清,铝合金活动房屋,施工技术, 1984,01:22
[5]何一民、史万春,关于发展新型钢结构建筑的建议,钢结构,1996,03:31~35
[6]江世永、何建川等,新型可扩展、可拆装活动房结构体系,空间结构,1998,02:58~62
[7]沈祖德,带剪力墙板结构形式的轻钢活动房一种新型的现场用房,电力建设,1983,03:50~52
[8]林方,小型钢架活动房屋,建筑学报, 1966,02:26
[9]邓承议、李德辉、成培江等,一种新型活动房的研制与分析,四川建筑,1995,15(03):23~24
[10]总后建筑研究所,外军活动房屋研究[M],北京:知识出版社,1991
[11]湖南大学、太原工业大学、福州大学,建筑结构试验,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.5~12
[12]姚振纲、刘祖华,建筑结构试验,上海:同济大学出版社,1996.37~44
[13]中华人民共和国建设部,GB50009-2001,建筑结构荷载规范,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[14]Chan S.L. Geometric and material nonlinear analysis of beam-columns and frames using the minimum residual displacement method.Int.J.Num.methods Eng.1988,26:2657~2669
[15]Giuseppe Faella.‘Evaluation of the R/C structures seismic response by means o f nonlinear static push-over analysis’,11th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Mexico,1996
[16]Argyris J.H.,Drume P.C.,Malejanakis G.A.,Scharpf D.W.,On large displacement small strain analysis of structures with rotational degrees of freedom,Comput.Method Appl.Mech.Engry 1978-14:401-451and15:99-135
[17]Argyris J.H.,An excursion into large rotations, Comp. Meth.Appl.Meth.Eng 1982,32:85~155
[18]Bathe KJ.,Bolourcbi S.,large displacement analysis of three-dimensional beam structures,Int.J.,Meth.Eng.,1979,14:961~986
[19]Belytschko T,Hsieh B J.,Nonlinear finite element analysis with collected coordinates,Int.J.Num Meth.Eng,1973,7:255~27
[20]Chajes A,Churchill, J.E.,Nonlinear frame analysis by finite element methods,J.StructuralE ngineering,1987,113(6):1221~1235
[21]Peter Fajfar,‘A Nonlinear Analysis Method for Performance-based Seismic Design’,Earthquake Spectrum,1999,15,573~592
[22]沈观林,复合材料力学[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1996.52~76
[23]舒赣平、孟宪德、陈绍礼,钢框架的高等分析与设计,建筑结构学报,2005,01:51~59
[24]舒兴平、沈蒲生,平面钢框架结构的几何与材料非线性分析,湖南大学学报(自然科学版),1993,04:99~105
[25]舒兴平、沈蒲生,钢框架极限承载力的有限变形理论和试验研究,工程力学,1993,04:36~45
[26]李国强、刘玉姝,钢结构框架体系整体非线性分析研究综述,同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,02:15~21
[27]郑廷银、赵惠麟,空间钢框架结构的改进双重非线性分析,工程力学,2003,06,209~215+155
[28]秦荣,工程结构非线性,北京:科学出版社,2006.299~300
[29]张朝晖,ANSYS8.0结构分析及实例解析,北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[30]张胜民,基于有限元软件ANSYS7.0的结构分析,清华大学出版社,2003
[31]ANSYS Theory Reference, Electronic Release, SAS IP, Inc., 1998
[32]ANSYS非线性分析指南,ANSYS中国,2000
[33]嘉木工作室,ANSYS 5.7有限元实例分析教程,北京:机械工业出版社,2002.444～473
[34]夸克工作室,有限元分析基础篇ANSYS与Mathematica,北京:清华大学出版社,2002.514～541
[35]J.A.Yura,etal,Ultimate Capacity of Circular Tubular Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1981,107(10):1965~1984
[36]Yoshiaki Kurobane,etal,Ultimate Resistance of Unstifened Tubular Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1984,110(2):385~400
[37]Jihad S.Jubran and Wiliam RCofer,Finite-Element Modeling of Tubular Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1995,121(3):496~516
[38]Glenn A.Morris,etal,Yield Line Analysis of Cropped-Web Warren Truss Joints,J.Struct.Engrg.,ASCE,1988,114(10):2210~2224
[39]E.Riks,An incremental approach to the solution of snapping and buckling problems,International Journal of Solid and Structures,1979,15:529~551
[40]G.A.Wempner,Discrete approximations related to nonlinear theories of solid,International Journal of Solid and Structures,1971,7:15811~15991
[41]M.A.Crisfield,A fast incremental/iterative solution procedure that handle snap-through,Computers and Structures,1981,13:55~ 62
[42]姜晋庆、张铎,结构弹塑性有限元分析方法,宇航出版社,1990.3~52
[43]吴卫华,K型钢管搭接节点极限承载力的非线性分析:[硕士学位论文],西安建筑科技大学,2005
[44]史永彬,钢框架在循环荷载作用下的非线性有限元研究:[硕士学位论文],沈阳建筑大学,2005
[45]胡时胜、刘剑飞等,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料本构关系的研究,力学学报, 1998,02:23~28
[46]王嵩、卢子兴,聚氨酯复合泡沫塑料的经验型压缩本构关系,北京力学会第11届学术年会论文摘要集,2005
[47]金绪刚、龚克成等,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料夹层结构的研制,材料开发与应用,1995,03:39~41
[48]韩强、黄小青、宁建国等,高等板壳理论,北京:科学出版社,2002.160~178
[49]孙艳军,轻型铝合金活动房屋结构的足尺寸试验研究,[硕士学位论文],长安大学,2006