四川震后重建中的科技传播及其作用研究
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摘要
举世关注的2008年5.12汶川大地震至今还令人触目惊心,预计三年完成的恢复重建正紧锣密鼓地进行着,科技传播在震后重建中的作用不可低估,探究震灾之后灾区科技传播及其作用对于恢复重建有积极意义。我国又是地震等自然灾害多发地,如距汶川5.12地震还不到两年,2010年4月14日我国青海玉树发生7.1级地震,年初又发生西南干旱,北方沙尘暴等也频繁发生。值得褒扬的是我国政府4月21日全民哀悼日当天就启动了玉树地震灾后重建,无论是震后重建还是应对旱灾都需要科技传播发挥作用。即是说研究震后重建中的科技传播及其作用对于防灾减灾和灾后重建,对于践行科学发展观等都有借鉴意义。
四川震后重建中的科技传播是在四川震后恢复重建过程中科技传播者主要是公共知识分子对以科学知识、科学方法、科技思想和科技精神为信息的传播。科技传播的功能主要有文化传递功能、环境监测功能(自然环境和社会环境)社会协调功能和娱乐功能以及负面功能。四川震后恢复重建中,科技传播形式多样,呈现地域性与中国化、多样性的统一、交互性增强、全民关注、公开透明等特点。并发挥了提高重建速度与质量功能、环境监测功能,有效地协调了灾后重建中诸种重要关系,同时也提供了娱乐和休闲。
总结与反思震后重建中的科技传播,不难得出其在震后重建中应遵循的原则,也是灾后重建中科技传播的发展取向。大致有媒体移置与媒介融合原则;科技信息携带思想原则;推进科学进步和技术创新的原则;系统化原则;生态化原则,包括传播生态环保的生活科技知识、传播者与环境相统一的科学思想、倡导生态工业的科技传播、生态农业的科技传播、科技传媒本身的生态性传播;通俗化原则,包括科技传播语言的通俗性、科技知识解释的明晰性、科技传播与大众生活习惯习俗的贴近性、科技传播的文艺方式。
为了达到提高科技传播的效率,有效发挥其应有效益的目的,我们从震后科技传播的探讨中得到的其实现途径主要有:提高传播者科技修养,包括培养复合式的科技传播者人才、重视针对科技传播者的科技培训、传播者获知科技新成果和科技信息的优先权;提高受众的科技修养,包括科技的全民普及、科技化的物质生活、提高科技文化教育层次、推进文化下乡和增强科技共同体与媒体、受众间的沟通互动;优化传播环境;处理好科技传播与城乡统筹的关系;发展科技传播产业与旅游文化相结合;辩证地利用负面科技信息传播。
本文共分五个部分。第一部分即绪论主要介绍了本论文的选题依据、国内外研究现状、研究目的和意义、研究思路和方法;第二部分引入了震后重建中的科技传播的概念,论述了科技传播的内涵、科技传播的功能,作为后面部分的理论基础。第三部分是做现状阐述,阐述了震后科技传播的功能现状和科技传播现状呈现的特点。第四部分论述了震后重建中的科技传播的原则,重点论述了生态化和通俗化原则。第五部分在上面分析的基础上得到启迪——如何更好发展灾后重建中的科技传播。最后,以结论概括总结全文。
Wenchuan 5.12 Earthquake in 2008 ,having attracted worldwide attention ,is still shocking ,which has been being concerned by the Chinese people all over the world .The renewal (the restoration and reconstruction) after the earthquake in 2008 is in full swing, which has been expected to be completed in three years. Scientific communication in the post-earthquake reconstruction should not be underestimated, because inquiring scientific communication and its role in stricken areas after the seismic disaster is of positive significance for the restoration and reconstruction. China is prone to natural disasters like earthquakes, typhoon, for example, Wenchuan 5.12 8.0 -magnitude Earthquake followed, on April 14, 2010, 7.1-magnitude earthquake occurred in Yushu in Qinghai Province. It’s good to see that on April 21 the Yushu earthquake reconstruction has been launched. Such renewal as post-seismic disaster reconstruction and southwestern drought disaster prevention should not neglect communication of science and technology, because it is important to hazard prevention and environment protection .It’s good use practicing the scientific outlook on development.
Communication of Science and Technology in the post-earthquake reconstruction in Sichuan is that the communicators mainly refers to disseminators especially public intellectuals disseminate scientific knowledge, scientific method, science and technology ideas and spirit as information during post-earthquake reconstruction. Scientific communication mainly acts as positive functions like cultural transmission, environmental monitoring (natural and social environment), social coordination and entertainment and functions with negative features. Communication of science & technology during Sichuan post-earthquake reconstruction has various forms, showing the features of regional area and Chinese, unity in diversity, interactive enhancement, all the people’s concern, open report to public and transparency, interactive enhancement and so on. It not only plays the roles of cultural transmission, environmental monitoring, and the effective coordination of the important relationship during post-disaster reconstruction, but also provides entertainment and leisure functions, and even negative functions.
It is easy to find the principles of the communication of science & technology, which is also the development tropism of the communication of science & technology after the communication of science & technology during post-earthquake reconstruction has been reconsidered and summarized .They mainly include the principle of media convergence and media transplant; science and technology information within ideology principle; promoting progress of science and technological innovation principle; systematic principle; ecological principle, including communicating scientific knowledge of ecology& environmental protection of life, the unity of disseminators ,scientific thought and the environment, eco-industrial dissemination of science and technology, ecological agriculture dissemination of science and technology, ecology of science and technology media ; easy–to- understand principles, including the popularity of communication language , the clarity of scientific knowledge explanation, closeness of scientific communication and public lifestyle, art form of science and technology communication.
In order to improve the efficiency and the get better benefit, the following measures can be taken after the discussion of communication of science and technology during post-seismic disaster reconstruction. The accomplishment of disseminators of science and technology should be enhanced, including foster ring communicators to be talents of hybrid between science and technology , focusing on training of science and technology even art and philosophy for them , gaining the right of priority to learn new technological achievements and scientific and technical information .Enhance audience’s scientific and technological training, including the improvement of universal coverage of science and technology , of ecology-oriented material, of levels of science & technology in countryside culture, and development of communication and interaction between the science and technology community , media, and audience. Optimize communication environment. Deal with the relationship between scientific communication and overall planning of urban and rural areas. Combine the development of scientific communication industry to Sichuan tourism culture. Use the negative information of science and technology dialectically.
This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the topics of this thesis based on research status, purpose and meaning, ideas and methods; the second part brings forth the concept of Communication of Science & Technology during Post-earthquake Reconstruction, and discusses the connotation of the concept, and also discusses the functions of scientific and technological communication, as the theoretical basis of the following part. The third part is set to do status description, and has described the function and the present situation and characteristics of Communication of Science and Technology. The fourth part discusses the principles of Communication of Science and Technology during post-earthquake reconstruction, focusing on the popular and ecological principles. The fifth part comes to the inspiration and methods- how to develop Communication of Science and Technology during post-disaster reconstruction. Finally, conclusions are drawn and the full text is summarized.
四川震后重建中的科技传播是在四川震后恢复重建过程中科技传播者主要是公共知识分子对以科学知识、科学方法、科技思想和科技精神为信息的传播。科技传播的功能主要有文化传递功能、环境监测功能(自然环境和社会环境)社会协调功能和娱乐功能以及负面功能。四川震后恢复重建中,科技传播形式多样,呈现地域性与中国化、多样性的统一、交互性增强、全民关注、公开透明等特点。并发挥了提高重建速度与质量功能、环境监测功能,有效地协调了灾后重建中诸种重要关系,同时也提供了娱乐和休闲。
总结与反思震后重建中的科技传播,不难得出其在震后重建中应遵循的原则,也是灾后重建中科技传播的发展取向。大致有媒体移置与媒介融合原则;科技信息携带思想原则;推进科学进步和技术创新的原则;系统化原则;生态化原则,包括传播生态环保的生活科技知识、传播者与环境相统一的科学思想、倡导生态工业的科技传播、生态农业的科技传播、科技传媒本身的生态性传播;通俗化原则,包括科技传播语言的通俗性、科技知识解释的明晰性、科技传播与大众生活习惯习俗的贴近性、科技传播的文艺方式。
为了达到提高科技传播的效率,有效发挥其应有效益的目的,我们从震后科技传播的探讨中得到的其实现途径主要有:提高传播者科技修养,包括培养复合式的科技传播者人才、重视针对科技传播者的科技培训、传播者获知科技新成果和科技信息的优先权;提高受众的科技修养,包括科技的全民普及、科技化的物质生活、提高科技文化教育层次、推进文化下乡和增强科技共同体与媒体、受众间的沟通互动;优化传播环境;处理好科技传播与城乡统筹的关系;发展科技传播产业与旅游文化相结合;辩证地利用负面科技信息传播。
本文共分五个部分。第一部分即绪论主要介绍了本论文的选题依据、国内外研究现状、研究目的和意义、研究思路和方法;第二部分引入了震后重建中的科技传播的概念,论述了科技传播的内涵、科技传播的功能,作为后面部分的理论基础。第三部分是做现状阐述,阐述了震后科技传播的功能现状和科技传播现状呈现的特点。第四部分论述了震后重建中的科技传播的原则,重点论述了生态化和通俗化原则。第五部分在上面分析的基础上得到启迪——如何更好发展灾后重建中的科技传播。最后,以结论概括总结全文。
Wenchuan 5.12 Earthquake in 2008 ,having attracted worldwide attention ,is still shocking ,which has been being concerned by the Chinese people all over the world .The renewal (the restoration and reconstruction) after the earthquake in 2008 is in full swing, which has been expected to be completed in three years. Scientific communication in the post-earthquake reconstruction should not be underestimated, because inquiring scientific communication and its role in stricken areas after the seismic disaster is of positive significance for the restoration and reconstruction. China is prone to natural disasters like earthquakes, typhoon, for example, Wenchuan 5.12 8.0 -magnitude Earthquake followed, on April 14, 2010, 7.1-magnitude earthquake occurred in Yushu in Qinghai Province. It’s good to see that on April 21 the Yushu earthquake reconstruction has been launched. Such renewal as post-seismic disaster reconstruction and southwestern drought disaster prevention should not neglect communication of science and technology, because it is important to hazard prevention and environment protection .It’s good use practicing the scientific outlook on development.
Communication of Science and Technology in the post-earthquake reconstruction in Sichuan is that the communicators mainly refers to disseminators especially public intellectuals disseminate scientific knowledge, scientific method, science and technology ideas and spirit as information during post-earthquake reconstruction. Scientific communication mainly acts as positive functions like cultural transmission, environmental monitoring (natural and social environment), social coordination and entertainment and functions with negative features. Communication of science & technology during Sichuan post-earthquake reconstruction has various forms, showing the features of regional area and Chinese, unity in diversity, interactive enhancement, all the people’s concern, open report to public and transparency, interactive enhancement and so on. It not only plays the roles of cultural transmission, environmental monitoring, and the effective coordination of the important relationship during post-disaster reconstruction, but also provides entertainment and leisure functions, and even negative functions.
It is easy to find the principles of the communication of science & technology, which is also the development tropism of the communication of science & technology after the communication of science & technology during post-earthquake reconstruction has been reconsidered and summarized .They mainly include the principle of media convergence and media transplant; science and technology information within ideology principle; promoting progress of science and technological innovation principle; systematic principle; ecological principle, including communicating scientific knowledge of ecology& environmental protection of life, the unity of disseminators ,scientific thought and the environment, eco-industrial dissemination of science and technology, ecological agriculture dissemination of science and technology, ecology of science and technology media ; easy–to- understand principles, including the popularity of communication language , the clarity of scientific knowledge explanation, closeness of scientific communication and public lifestyle, art form of science and technology communication.
In order to improve the efficiency and the get better benefit, the following measures can be taken after the discussion of communication of science and technology during post-seismic disaster reconstruction. The accomplishment of disseminators of science and technology should be enhanced, including foster ring communicators to be talents of hybrid between science and technology , focusing on training of science and technology even art and philosophy for them , gaining the right of priority to learn new technological achievements and scientific and technical information .Enhance audience’s scientific and technological training, including the improvement of universal coverage of science and technology , of ecology-oriented material, of levels of science & technology in countryside culture, and development of communication and interaction between the science and technology community , media, and audience. Optimize communication environment. Deal with the relationship between scientific communication and overall planning of urban and rural areas. Combine the development of scientific communication industry to Sichuan tourism culture. Use the negative information of science and technology dialectically.
This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the topics of this thesis based on research status, purpose and meaning, ideas and methods; the second part brings forth the concept of Communication of Science & Technology during Post-earthquake Reconstruction, and discusses the connotation of the concept, and also discusses the functions of scientific and technological communication, as the theoretical basis of the following part. The third part is set to do status description, and has described the function and the present situation and characteristics of Communication of Science and Technology. The fourth part discusses the principles of Communication of Science and Technology during post-earthquake reconstruction, focusing on the popular and ecological principles. The fifth part comes to the inspiration and methods- how to develop Communication of Science and Technology during post-disaster reconstruction. Finally, conclusions are drawn and the full text is summarized.
引文
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