基于GIS的区域噪声预测评价系统模型研究
摘要
本系统采用组件式GIS开发方式,运用TopMap ActiveX组件,结合Access数据库,在VB语言平台下设计开发而成。系统将噪声预测模型与GIS的相结合,为用户提供了手动输入噪声参数和自动选择噪声源两种预测评价模式,系统根据用户的选择模式计算环境噪声值,并将预测结果以专题图和分级图形式展现给用户,并对区域噪声进行评价,实现了噪声预测结果的可视化管理。
With development of the modernization industrial, the noise pollution problem has attracted people attention deeply in recent years. The noise pollution has become a contemporary world problem. Similar to the“three discard”of industry, noise pollution is also a kind of harmful effect which endangers mankind’environment. regional noise especially in urban is particularly serious, because it is directly related to people's daily life,noise pollution control and management is one of the important urban environmental management tasks. The timely and accurate prediction of regional noise provides an effective mean for regional environmental management.
GIS greatly broadens the scope and depth of the application of information system as a spatial information processing tools. Especially, with the rapid development of computer hardware and software, the technology of geographic information system makes tremendous changes. Its application has not been limited in mapping, mining, drawing, resource and environmental management and other traditional areas. It plays an important role in facilities management, traffic operation, construction, urban planning, disaster prevention, disaster assessment and the fields of archeology. In this study, GIS is integrated with the prediction of regional noise and develops a prediction system of regional noise basing on GIS.
Because noise dates have a strong characteristic of spatial and temporal distribution,the application of GIS in noise information management will largely improve the noise management model. Through establishment of geographic information system databases, the integrated management of attribute dates and spatial dates of noise is achieved. In this way we can input dates, query information, analyze spatial dates, make thematic map and visualize evaluation results freely. At present, the GIS is mainly used in noise monitoring points layout, noise automatic monitoring, noise assessment, noise impact assessment and noise functional zoning. Using its powerful function of map data analyzing and processing can greatly reduce the workload of noise environmental management, but also it has the advantages of accurate, rapid and timely, which is unmatched by traditional methods.
This system is developed with the TopMap tool software from Beijing's HuTtu, the Visual Basic 6.0 programming language and access database management system from Microsoft, using object-oriented programming method. This prediction system has the basic functions ,such storing, managing, displaying,analyzing the spatial data. At the same time ,this system integrates the prediction model with the GIS. So the system has the ability not only to predict the regional noise but also to provide different Ways to display the prediction results.
System provides automatic selection and manual selection the sources of the noise model for users. In the automatic mode, users choose noise sources according to their needs .The system automatically connects database and put all attribute data of noise into mode calculation. This calculation is mainly analyzing the combined effect of a number of noise sources to the predict regions. The manual selection mode provides the interface of a single noise source. After the user inputting the parameters,the system calculate the result. The manual mode is mainly analyzing the impact of a single noise source to the predict point. The results are shown through the thematic and classification maps.
The spatial display of GIS provides superior environment for modeling and model operating,at same time it brings the possibility for the modeling visualization and helps users to adjust the model parameters interactively. It helps to improve the accuracy of the forecasts and the ease of software greatly. GIS integrating with prediction model of noise is a trend of the today's noise environmental management and evaluation. It is a good method to solve the issues of cumbersome and accuracy of work in the noise prediction system. Therefore, this study has certain degree of representativeness and significance of the practical application.
With development of the modernization industrial, the noise pollution problem has attracted people attention deeply in recent years. The noise pollution has become a contemporary world problem. Similar to the“three discard”of industry, noise pollution is also a kind of harmful effect which endangers mankind’environment. regional noise especially in urban is particularly serious, because it is directly related to people's daily life,noise pollution control and management is one of the important urban environmental management tasks. The timely and accurate prediction of regional noise provides an effective mean for regional environmental management.
GIS greatly broadens the scope and depth of the application of information system as a spatial information processing tools. Especially, with the rapid development of computer hardware and software, the technology of geographic information system makes tremendous changes. Its application has not been limited in mapping, mining, drawing, resource and environmental management and other traditional areas. It plays an important role in facilities management, traffic operation, construction, urban planning, disaster prevention, disaster assessment and the fields of archeology. In this study, GIS is integrated with the prediction of regional noise and develops a prediction system of regional noise basing on GIS.
Because noise dates have a strong characteristic of spatial and temporal distribution,the application of GIS in noise information management will largely improve the noise management model. Through establishment of geographic information system databases, the integrated management of attribute dates and spatial dates of noise is achieved. In this way we can input dates, query information, analyze spatial dates, make thematic map and visualize evaluation results freely. At present, the GIS is mainly used in noise monitoring points layout, noise automatic monitoring, noise assessment, noise impact assessment and noise functional zoning. Using its powerful function of map data analyzing and processing can greatly reduce the workload of noise environmental management, but also it has the advantages of accurate, rapid and timely, which is unmatched by traditional methods.
This system is developed with the TopMap tool software from Beijing's HuTtu, the Visual Basic 6.0 programming language and access database management system from Microsoft, using object-oriented programming method. This prediction system has the basic functions ,such storing, managing, displaying,analyzing the spatial data. At the same time ,this system integrates the prediction model with the GIS. So the system has the ability not only to predict the regional noise but also to provide different Ways to display the prediction results.
System provides automatic selection and manual selection the sources of the noise model for users. In the automatic mode, users choose noise sources according to their needs .The system automatically connects database and put all attribute data of noise into mode calculation. This calculation is mainly analyzing the combined effect of a number of noise sources to the predict regions. The manual selection mode provides the interface of a single noise source. After the user inputting the parameters,the system calculate the result. The manual mode is mainly analyzing the impact of a single noise source to the predict point. The results are shown through the thematic and classification maps.
The spatial display of GIS provides superior environment for modeling and model operating,at same time it brings the possibility for the modeling visualization and helps users to adjust the model parameters interactively. It helps to improve the accuracy of the forecasts and the ease of software greatly. GIS integrating with prediction model of noise is a trend of the today's noise environmental management and evaluation. It is a good method to solve the issues of cumbersome and accuracy of work in the noise prediction system. Therefore, this study has certain degree of representativeness and significance of the practical application.
引文
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