基于Hilbert-Huang变换的配电网电缆接地故障定位研究
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摘要
随着社会的发展,电力电缆在配电网中的应用越来越广泛,但是由于机械损伤、绝缘老化、水树等因素的影响,运行时间较长的电力电缆也会发生故障。当电力电缆发生故障时,要求较快地寻测出故障点的确切位置,及时排除故障恢复供电,这对提高供电可靠性具有重要意义。
准确识别出故障的类型是故障定位的前提,论文建立了包含故障初步分类模块、接地故障分类模块和两相短路故障分类模块三个模块的故障类型识别系统,故障初步分类模块以信号的最低频段的小波系数的能量作为支持向量机网络的输入向量,接地故障分类模块和两相短路故障分类模块以三相电压的小波奇异熵值作为支持向量机网络的输入向量。仿真结果表明:该方法能够快速准确地识别各种故障类型,且不受过渡电阻、故障位置的影响。
准确识别出故障类型之后,论文利用电流线模与零模分量的速度差对配电网最常见的接地故障(包括单相接地故障和两相接地故障)进行定位。为了获取行波波头的到达时刻,利用Hilbert-Huang变换求得信号的瞬时频率,根据瞬时频率的第1个突变点对应的时间位置确定行波波头到达时刻。仿真结果表明,该方法能更有效地提取行波信号的奇异性特征,精确检测行波波头到达时刻,且测距结果不受故障距离、故障电阻、故障初相角的影响,测距结果满足工程的要求。
With the development of society, the use of power cables is more extensive in the distribution network. However, due to mechanical damage, insulation aging, water tree and other factors, a long-time running power cable may be breakdown. When the power cable is breakdown, it is required to detect the fault point exactly and quickly in order to exclude the fault and restore the power supply. This is important to improve the reliability of power supply.
Identify the type of fault accurately is the prerequisite for fault location. The Paper established a fault type identification system including preliminary classification module, earth fault classification module and two-phase fault classification module. The preliminary classification module uses the energy the signal’s lowest frequency of the wavelet coefficients of as the input vector of the support vector machine network. The earth fault classification module and two-phase fault classification module use the wavelet singular entropy of three phase voltages as the input vector of the support vector machine network. The simulation results show that this method can identify various fault types rapidly and accurately and immune to the fault resistance,and fault location.
After identify the fault type accurately, the paper locates the ground fault(including single-phase ground fault and two-phase ground fault) which is most common in distribution system. The aerial mode component and zero mode component of traveling wave propagate to the detecting point at different speed whenults occur. The fault distance can be calculated by the propagation gap of the grounding faaerial mode component and zero mode component. So identifying and detecting fault-generated wave signals are vital for the location system. The paper presents a new method for time-frequency analysisfault-generated wave signals. We obtain the instantaneous frequency of the fault signal through Hilbert-Huang Transform(HHT) and detect the arrival time of traveling wave exactly through the instantaneous frequency.
准确识别出故障的类型是故障定位的前提,论文建立了包含故障初步分类模块、接地故障分类模块和两相短路故障分类模块三个模块的故障类型识别系统,故障初步分类模块以信号的最低频段的小波系数的能量作为支持向量机网络的输入向量,接地故障分类模块和两相短路故障分类模块以三相电压的小波奇异熵值作为支持向量机网络的输入向量。仿真结果表明:该方法能够快速准确地识别各种故障类型,且不受过渡电阻、故障位置的影响。
准确识别出故障类型之后,论文利用电流线模与零模分量的速度差对配电网最常见的接地故障(包括单相接地故障和两相接地故障)进行定位。为了获取行波波头的到达时刻,利用Hilbert-Huang变换求得信号的瞬时频率,根据瞬时频率的第1个突变点对应的时间位置确定行波波头到达时刻。仿真结果表明,该方法能更有效地提取行波信号的奇异性特征,精确检测行波波头到达时刻,且测距结果不受故障距离、故障电阻、故障初相角的影响,测距结果满足工程的要求。
With the development of society, the use of power cables is more extensive in the distribution network. However, due to mechanical damage, insulation aging, water tree and other factors, a long-time running power cable may be breakdown. When the power cable is breakdown, it is required to detect the fault point exactly and quickly in order to exclude the fault and restore the power supply. This is important to improve the reliability of power supply.
Identify the type of fault accurately is the prerequisite for fault location. The Paper established a fault type identification system including preliminary classification module, earth fault classification module and two-phase fault classification module. The preliminary classification module uses the energy the signal’s lowest frequency of the wavelet coefficients of as the input vector of the support vector machine network. The earth fault classification module and two-phase fault classification module use the wavelet singular entropy of three phase voltages as the input vector of the support vector machine network. The simulation results show that this method can identify various fault types rapidly and accurately and immune to the fault resistance,and fault location.
After identify the fault type accurately, the paper locates the ground fault(including single-phase ground fault and two-phase ground fault) which is most common in distribution system. The aerial mode component and zero mode component of traveling wave propagate to the detecting point at different speed whenults occur. The fault distance can be calculated by the propagation gap of the grounding faaerial mode component and zero mode component. So identifying and detecting fault-generated wave signals are vital for the location system. The paper presents a new method for time-frequency analysisfault-generated wave signals. We obtain the instantaneous frequency of the fault signal through Hilbert-Huang Transform(HHT) and detect the arrival time of traveling wave exactly through the instantaneous frequency.
引文
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