对牙槽骨固有牙槽骨与松质骨骨微结构和骨细胞密度研究
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摘要
研究背景:骨改建是骨吸收与骨形成之间的一种动态平衡。以往的研究认为骨改建主要是成骨细胞和破骨细胞相互作用。随着研究的深入,已证实在骨组织的生长发育过程中,生物力学作用是影响其形状、内部结构、分布和微结构的完整性变化等最主要的因素。目前的研究证实,存在于骨组织中的骨细胞是应力感受细胞。成熟的骨细胞有传递应力的作用。当骨组织在机械应力作用下时,骨细胞能将力学信号识别整合后,通过隙缝连接以及旁分泌等形式传递到破骨或成骨效应细胞,然后引起骨的吸收或骨的生成。在人体骨骼系统中,牙槽骨是骨改建最活跃的组织,能在应力作用下发生快速的改建。其原因有可能是牙槽骨内骨结构、骨细胞的分布规律以及密度不同,所形成的网络结构能对应力作出不同程度地反映。
研究目的:研究正常人牙槽骨硬骨板区和松质骨区的扫描电镜图像特点,从其骨微结构形态的角度进行电镜图像的描述和比较;通过对正常牙槽骨硬骨板区和松质骨区的骨细胞密度进行对比性研究,为探讨骨细胞密度与骨改建速度是否具有一定相关性打下基础。为进一步探索牙槽骨改建的生物力学性能提供理论依据。
材料和方法: 1实验选用人下颌骨前磨牙区部位,经X线检查硬骨板显示为连续清晰组织块,沿垂直于牙体长轴将牙槽骨修整为约5mm×5mm大小骨试件,通过扫描电镜观察硬骨板区和松质骨区骨微结构并进行描述。
2将5例含完整第一磨牙的牙槽骨骨块修整为1.2cm×1.2cm×1.2cm大小,硬组织包埋切片,HE染色,用生物显微镜BH-2观察切片,然后分别计算出硬骨板区和松质骨区骨细胞密度并进行统计学分析。
研究结果:扫描电镜观察显示松质骨区骨小梁表面胶原纤维排列整齐紧密且有方向性,硬骨板区骨小梁胶原纤维排列密集、紊乱无规则,并相互交错形成约直径为5.0～6.0μm大小不等的孔隙;对硬组织HE染色切片观察和统计分析,硬骨板区骨细胞密度明显高于松质骨区骨细胞密度。
结论:正常人牙槽骨硬骨板区骨细胞密度明显高于松质骨区骨细胞密度。两个区域骨胶原纤维的排列有明显不同。骨细胞密度可能是潜在的评价骨力学性能的重要指标。为今后进一步对颌骨骨细胞生物特性的研究提供理论依据。
Background: Bone formation is a dynamic equilibrium between bone resorption and bone remodeling .Previous studies showed that bone formation was a interaction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts .With a detailed study, it has been confirmed that vitodynamics is a main factor which impact its shape, internal structure, distribution and micro-changes during the growth and development of bone tissue .Present study has confirmed that bone cell which exists in bone tissue is stress cell. Mature bone cells can transfer stress. When the bone under mechanical stress ,after bone cell integrated the sign ,it can transfer osteoblasts and osteoclasts by the form of slit connecting and paracrine. Then it can lead the bone resorption or bone formation. In the human skeletal system, the alveolar bone remodeling is the most active organization. It can change quickly by stress. Maybe the reason is that the Alveolar bone structure and the distribution and density of bone cell are different so that network structure can reflect quickly on stress.
Purpose: To observe the bone microstructure of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone by scanning electron micrograph and describe and compare it on the aspect of microarchitecture. By contrasting the bone cell density of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone to study the relativity of the bone cell density and the bone construction rate, in order to explore the biomechanics base of the alveolar construction.
Material and Method: The area of the mandibular including premolars was studied in this experiment, to make sure the proper alveolar bone was continuous and obvious by X-ray, then to trim the alveolar into size of 5mm×5mm bone cakes following the tooth axis. To observe the bone microstructure of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone by scanning electron micrograph; Five alveolar bones including the first molar were trimmed into small bone cakes which sized in 1.2cm×1.2cm×1.2cm and made from the fractured sclerous tissue. The samples was stained by Haematoxylin Eosin, and then observed the sections by electron micrograph to calculate the bone cell density of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone. Then made a statistic.
Results: Scanning electron micrograph showed that collagen fibers which located on the surface of the trabecular cancellous bone was aligned tightly and having direction. The collagen fibers of the trabecular proper alveolar bone aligned tightly but disorderly and the collagen fibers were alternate permutation forming amount of holes ,the diameter of which was about 5.0～6.0μm; HE staining of sclerous tissue sections showed that the bone cell density in the proper alveolar bone area was much denser than which in the cancellous bone area.
Conclusion: In normal human alveolar, the bone cell density in the proper alveolar bone area was denser than which in the cancellous bone area. The arrangement mode of the collagen fibers in these two areas was obviously different. Bone cell density may be a potential index to evaluate the capability of the biomechanics. There was basic significance to study biological character of the alveolar bone cells.
研究目的:研究正常人牙槽骨硬骨板区和松质骨区的扫描电镜图像特点,从其骨微结构形态的角度进行电镜图像的描述和比较;通过对正常牙槽骨硬骨板区和松质骨区的骨细胞密度进行对比性研究,为探讨骨细胞密度与骨改建速度是否具有一定相关性打下基础。为进一步探索牙槽骨改建的生物力学性能提供理论依据。
材料和方法: 1实验选用人下颌骨前磨牙区部位,经X线检查硬骨板显示为连续清晰组织块,沿垂直于牙体长轴将牙槽骨修整为约5mm×5mm大小骨试件,通过扫描电镜观察硬骨板区和松质骨区骨微结构并进行描述。
2将5例含完整第一磨牙的牙槽骨骨块修整为1.2cm×1.2cm×1.2cm大小,硬组织包埋切片,HE染色,用生物显微镜BH-2观察切片,然后分别计算出硬骨板区和松质骨区骨细胞密度并进行统计学分析。
研究结果:扫描电镜观察显示松质骨区骨小梁表面胶原纤维排列整齐紧密且有方向性,硬骨板区骨小梁胶原纤维排列密集、紊乱无规则,并相互交错形成约直径为5.0～6.0μm大小不等的孔隙;对硬组织HE染色切片观察和统计分析,硬骨板区骨细胞密度明显高于松质骨区骨细胞密度。
结论:正常人牙槽骨硬骨板区骨细胞密度明显高于松质骨区骨细胞密度。两个区域骨胶原纤维的排列有明显不同。骨细胞密度可能是潜在的评价骨力学性能的重要指标。为今后进一步对颌骨骨细胞生物特性的研究提供理论依据。
Background: Bone formation is a dynamic equilibrium between bone resorption and bone remodeling .Previous studies showed that bone formation was a interaction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts .With a detailed study, it has been confirmed that vitodynamics is a main factor which impact its shape, internal structure, distribution and micro-changes during the growth and development of bone tissue .Present study has confirmed that bone cell which exists in bone tissue is stress cell. Mature bone cells can transfer stress. When the bone under mechanical stress ,after bone cell integrated the sign ,it can transfer osteoblasts and osteoclasts by the form of slit connecting and paracrine. Then it can lead the bone resorption or bone formation. In the human skeletal system, the alveolar bone remodeling is the most active organization. It can change quickly by stress. Maybe the reason is that the Alveolar bone structure and the distribution and density of bone cell are different so that network structure can reflect quickly on stress.
Purpose: To observe the bone microstructure of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone by scanning electron micrograph and describe and compare it on the aspect of microarchitecture. By contrasting the bone cell density of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone to study the relativity of the bone cell density and the bone construction rate, in order to explore the biomechanics base of the alveolar construction.
Material and Method: The area of the mandibular including premolars was studied in this experiment, to make sure the proper alveolar bone was continuous and obvious by X-ray, then to trim the alveolar into size of 5mm×5mm bone cakes following the tooth axis. To observe the bone microstructure of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone of the normal human alveolar bone by scanning electron micrograph; Five alveolar bones including the first molar were trimmed into small bone cakes which sized in 1.2cm×1.2cm×1.2cm and made from the fractured sclerous tissue. The samples was stained by Haematoxylin Eosin, and then observed the sections by electron micrograph to calculate the bone cell density of the proper alveolar bone and the cancellous bone. Then made a statistic.
Results: Scanning electron micrograph showed that collagen fibers which located on the surface of the trabecular cancellous bone was aligned tightly and having direction. The collagen fibers of the trabecular proper alveolar bone aligned tightly but disorderly and the collagen fibers were alternate permutation forming amount of holes ,the diameter of which was about 5.0～6.0μm; HE staining of sclerous tissue sections showed that the bone cell density in the proper alveolar bone area was much denser than which in the cancellous bone area.
Conclusion: In normal human alveolar, the bone cell density in the proper alveolar bone area was denser than which in the cancellous bone area. The arrangement mode of the collagen fibers in these two areas was obviously different. Bone cell density may be a potential index to evaluate the capability of the biomechanics. There was basic significance to study biological character of the alveolar bone cells.
引文
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