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腹泻型肠易激综合征中医证候分布特点分析
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摘要
目的:在中医理论指导下,分析腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床特点和中医证候分布特点,并探讨该病与其他泄泻的不同特点和规律。
     方法:选择2009年6月2010年3月之间参加“中德合作中医药治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床研究”的腹泻型肠易激综合征病例60例,采取问卷调查方式,分析所有患者的性别、年龄、文化程度、病程、诱发因素和临床症状等的特点,探讨中医证候规律及相关性。
     结果:1、男女性别比例1.31:1(P=0.302);平均年龄42.65±14.46岁;25-40岁年龄段患病率最高(p=0.000);大学或大专以上文化程度者63.3%;非体力劳动者93.3%;平均病程108.7±90.8个月,5年以上者73.3%。诱发或加重本病的因素以饮食(28.2%)、受凉(25.6%)、情绪(12.8%)最常见。
     2、在主要症状中,腹痛以隐痛(25.%)、胀痛(46.7%)较多,多为轻度疼痛(83.3%),位于下中腹(55.0%)和脐周(25.0%)者较多,但大多不固定(95.0%),70.0%的患者近两周中出现腹痛的天数低于7天。所有患者均有腹痛伴大便频繁或松散、便后痛减的症状,大便经常呈糊状或水样,33.3%的患者日均排便3次以上,排便急迫(93.3%)、排便不尽感(81.7%)、排粘液或胶冻状大便(60.0%)常见,排便费力(16.7%)、便血(1.7%)少见。大部分患者伴腹胀(68.3%)、肠鸣(80.0%),大多为轻度,餐后腹胀(41.5%)较多,餐后肠鸣(1.7%)少见。
     3、在全身症状中,抑郁烦躁(85.0%)、体倦乏力(85.0%)最多见。在舌像中舌体胖大(或齿痕)(48.3%)、舌质暗红(46.7%)最多;裂纹舌(5.0%)、薄黄苔(3.3%)、紫暗舌(5.0%)较少,白滑苔、厚腻苔未见。
     4、IBS-SSS评分平均为253.22±76.65分,大多为中度。生活受干扰程度评分平均为68.95±22.54分,70%的患者认为生活受到较严重的影响,但生活受干扰程度与腹痛程度、腹痛频率、排便频率均无线性关系。
     5、在各证候中,肝郁脾虚证(45.0%)、脾胃虚弱证(31.7%)所占比例最高(p=0.000)。肾阳不足证患者的平均年龄、平均病程、IBS-SSS评分、腹痛程度、腹泻频率均高于其它证候,寒热错杂证患者的平均病程较短,但这些差别均无统计学意义。
     结论:IBS-D的患病率和性别无关,和年龄、受教育程度有关。诱发因素包括饮食、受凉和情绪等,一般病程较长。患者腹痛、腹泻等症状的频率及程度与它们对患者的影响不成比例。IBS-D普遍存在脾虚、肝郁的病理状态,少数可见化热、伤阴、瘀血阻滞,湿邪在发病机制中有重要地位,但不存在水饮、饮食积滞。证候以肝郁脾虚证、脾胃亏虚证为主。IBS-D不等同于泄泻。
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) from the aspect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and its distribution of TCM syndromes for studying the differences between diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and other kinds of diarrhea.
     Methodology:60 Subjects were selected from "Sino-German cooperation in the medical treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome" from June 2009 to March 2010. In order to evaluate the its clinical characteristics of TCM syndromes and relativity, the method of questionnaire survey was mainly performed to analyze the characteristics of different factors, such as sexy, age and education.
     Results:1 sex ratio of 1.31:1 (P= 0.302); the average age of 42.65±14.46 years old,25-40 years of age the highest prevalence (p= 0.000); university or college or more 63.3%; non-manual workers 93.3%; The average duration of 108.7±90.8 months and 5 years were 73.3%. Factors that were induced or exacerbated by the diversity of the diet (28.2%), cold (25.6%), mood (12.8%) most common.
     2 In the main symptoms, abdominal pain to dull pain (25.%), Pain (46.7%) more, mostly mild pain (83.3%), located in the abdomen under (55.0%) and umbilical (25.0%) were more However, most are not fixed (95.0%),70.0% of patients in the past two weeks, abdominal pain occurred less than 7 days the number of days. All patients had abdominal pain with frequent or loose stools, then reduce the symptoms of pain, frequent bowel movements a paste or water samples,33.3% of patients more than 3 times daily bowel movement, bowel urgency (93.3%), defecation not the flu (81.7%), mucus or jelly stool row (60.0%) common defecation effort (16.7%), hematochezia (1.7%) rare. Most patients with abdominal distention (68.3%), bowel (80.0%), mostly mild, postprandial abdominal distension (41.5%) more, postprandial bowel (1.7%) rare.
     3 In the accompanying symptoms, depression irritability (85.0%), body tired fatigue (85.0%) was the most. In the tongue, as in big fat tongue (or with indentation) (48.3%), dark red tongue (46.7%) the most; crack tongue (5.0%), thin yellow fur (3.3%) less; dark purple tongue (5.0%) less ecchymosis petechiae, no, no tongue, thin thin, white slip coating, no thick coating. Many patients with tongue (46.7%), tongue (30.0%), tongue (23.3%) were normal.
     4 IBS-SSS average of 253.22±76.65 points, mostly moderate. The average level of life disruption 68.95±22.54 min,70% thought that their lives have been more severely affected, but the living level of disturbance and abdominal pain, abdominal pain frequency, stool frequency was no linear relationship.
     5 Liver depression and spleen deficiency (45.0%), spleen and stomach card (31.7%), the highest proportion. Kidney deficiency of average age, average duration, severity score, abdominal pain, the degree of diarrhea frequency was higher than other syndromes; cold and heat mixed evidence shorter average duration. However, these differences were not statistically significant.
     Conclusion:IBS-D isn't related with illness and gender, and age, educational level. Factors include diet, cold and emotions. Generally, there is a longer course in this disease. Abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms are very common, but these symptoms are not easy to be cured. Moreover, there is no ratio between frequency and degree of these symptoms. Pathological states of IBS-D are related with deficiency of spleen and liver constraint, while pathological states of heat, damaged yin, blood stasis and damp evil are not common. There are no pathological states of retained fluid and food indigestion. Liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome and deficiency of spleen and stomach syndrome are the main symptoms. All in all, IBS-D is not equal to diarrhea.
引文
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