燃气轮机燃烧室内部流动分析
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摘要
燃烧室是燃气轮机的关键部件之一,其几何结构和内部流动非常复杂,数值模拟的方法是研究其内部流动规律的一种有效途径。本文的研究对象为某型燃气轮机的燃烧室,该燃烧室在运行中经常出现火焰筒烧毁事故,因此急需要对该燃烧室的内部流动进行研究,进而得到燃烧室内部的温度场,为研究燃烧室的防烧蚀寻找有效措施。
本文以STAR-CD等软件为基础建立了一个基于三维几何模型的研究燃烧室内部流动数值分析的平台,对燃烧室多个模型的内部单相冷流场、喷雾两相流场及燃烧热流场进行了一系列的深入细致的研究,得到了流场的分布特征,从观察燃烧室内部的速度场和温度场入手,对于燃烧室烧蚀事故发生的机理进行了探讨。
在建立模型的过程中,基本实现了燃烧室几何结构的完整真实性,在划分计算网格时又对细小的结构进行了网格的局部细化,这些措施都保证了计算结果能够更加真实的描述燃烧室流场中的各种流动特征,为燃烧室的防烧蚀及低排放技术的研究提供了良好的研究手段。通过与实验结果对比表明,计算结果和实验结果吻合良好,本文所建立的数值分析平台能够反应出燃烧室内部流动的主要特征。
Combustor is one of the key components in gas turbine. The geometry structure and the internal flow of the combustor is of highly complexity. CFD technique is a successful method to study the details of the flow inside the combustor. The combustor studied in this paper is a gas turbine combustor that had, in many cases, serious problems with ablation during real operations. It is crucial to study the flow inside the combustor and to obtain the details of the temperature distribution, in an attempt to solve the problem of ablation.
A numerical analytic system based on the real three-dimensional geometry structure and powerful commercial software STAR-CD was established in this thesis for the study of the internal flow of the combustor. Numerical analysis was carried out for the single-phase flow, two-phase flow and the combustion simulation step by step. The main features of the flow field and temperature field were obtained. The mechanism of the ablation was explored by a close observation of the temperature distribution and the flow around the combustor.
In the modeling process, every details of the real geometry were represented and the mesh was refined locally as needed. All those strict measures had safeguarded the accuracy of the simulation results. Numerical results agree well with the experimental results. The analytic system described in this thesis may provide a useful tool for the study of the problem of ablation and emission.
本文以STAR-CD等软件为基础建立了一个基于三维几何模型的研究燃烧室内部流动数值分析的平台,对燃烧室多个模型的内部单相冷流场、喷雾两相流场及燃烧热流场进行了一系列的深入细致的研究,得到了流场的分布特征,从观察燃烧室内部的速度场和温度场入手,对于燃烧室烧蚀事故发生的机理进行了探讨。
在建立模型的过程中,基本实现了燃烧室几何结构的完整真实性,在划分计算网格时又对细小的结构进行了网格的局部细化,这些措施都保证了计算结果能够更加真实的描述燃烧室流场中的各种流动特征,为燃烧室的防烧蚀及低排放技术的研究提供了良好的研究手段。通过与实验结果对比表明,计算结果和实验结果吻合良好,本文所建立的数值分析平台能够反应出燃烧室内部流动的主要特征。
Combustor is one of the key components in gas turbine. The geometry structure and the internal flow of the combustor is of highly complexity. CFD technique is a successful method to study the details of the flow inside the combustor. The combustor studied in this paper is a gas turbine combustor that had, in many cases, serious problems with ablation during real operations. It is crucial to study the flow inside the combustor and to obtain the details of the temperature distribution, in an attempt to solve the problem of ablation.
A numerical analytic system based on the real three-dimensional geometry structure and powerful commercial software STAR-CD was established in this thesis for the study of the internal flow of the combustor. Numerical analysis was carried out for the single-phase flow, two-phase flow and the combustion simulation step by step. The main features of the flow field and temperature field were obtained. The mechanism of the ablation was explored by a close observation of the temperature distribution and the flow around the combustor.
In the modeling process, every details of the real geometry were represented and the mesh was refined locally as needed. All those strict measures had safeguarded the accuracy of the simulation results. Numerical results agree well with the experimental results. The analytic system described in this thesis may provide a useful tool for the study of the problem of ablation and emission.
引文
[1]翁史烈,燃气轮机,机械工业出版社,1989
[2]金如山,航空燃气轮机燃烧室,宇航出版社,1988
[3]哈尔滨703研究所,某燃气轮机燃烧室的设计特点报告,2007年6月
[4]焦树建,燃气轮机燃烧室,机械工业出版社,1988
[5]HIH Saravanamuttoo,Gas Turbine Theory,Prentice Hall,2001
[6]帕坦卡,传热与流体流动的数值计算,科学出版社,1984
[7]赵坚行.燃烧的数值模拟.科学出版社,2002
[8]吴德铭,郜冶.实用计算流体力学基础.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2006.
[9]王承尧,王正华,杨晓辉.计算流体力学及其并行算法.国防科技大学出版社,2000.
[10]孙文策,工程流体力学,大连理工大学出版社,1995
[11]江宏俊,流体力学,高等教育出版社,1985
[12]解茂昭.内燃机计算燃烧学.大连理工大学出版社,2002
[13]王福军.计算流体动力学分析——CFD软件原理及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[14]陶文铨,计算传热学的近代进展,科学出版社,2000
[15]宁晃,高歌,燃烧室气动力学,科学出版社,1987
[16]周立行,湍流两相流动与燃烧的数值模拟,清华大学出版社,1991
[17]岑可法、姚强、骆仲泱、高翔,燃烧理论与污染控制,机械工业出版社,2004.3
[18]Yee,H.C.,Construction of Explicit and Implicit Symmetric TVD Schemes and Their Applications,J.of computational Physics,1987,Vol.68,151-179
[19]Gerolymos,G.A.and Vallet,I.,Computation of Unsteady Three-Dimensional Transonic Nozzle Flow Using k-ε Turbulence Closure,AIAA Joural,1996,Vol.34,No.7.
[20]Wang,J.C.T.and Widhopf G.F.,A High-Resolution TVD Finite Volume Scheme for the Euler Equations in Conservation Form,J.Comput.Phys.,1989,Vol.84,145-173
[21]Anderson,W.K.and Thomas,J.L.,A Comparison of Finite Volume Flux Vector Splittings for the Euler Equations,AIAA,1985,85-0122
[22]袁信,可压缩粘性流动中双方程湍流模型的选择,工程热物理学报,1998,10(4),P.427
[23]韩振学、方韧、纪永春,激波-边界层-分离流相互干扰三维湍流的数值模拟,航空动力学报,1998,13(2),P.143
[24]张涵信,无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式,空气动力学报,1988,6(2),143-165
[25]张涵信,差分计算中激波上下游解出现波动的探讨,空气动力学报,1984,1(2),112-119
[26]宋明德、张涵信、刘金和,火箭发动机塞式喷管流场的数值研究,推进技术,2000,21(5),P.20
[27]Harten,A.,Engquist,B.,Oshor S.and Chakravarthy,S.R.,Uniformly High Order Accurate Essentially Non-Oscillatory Schemes Ⅲ,J.Comp.Phys.1987,Vol.71,231-303
[28]Akmandor,I.S.,Numerical Simulation of Ramjet and Scramjet Combustion Using Two-Dimensional Enler Equations with Finite Rate Chemistry,1993,ISABE 93-7083
[29]焦树建,论在燃气轮机中使用的干式低污染(DLE)燃烧室.燃气轮机技术,1996,9(3):20-30
[30]傅勇强,徐行,牛海瑛,燃烧室内喷雾两相流场数值研究,燃烧科学与技术,2001,7(4):230-234
[31]符松,燃烧室中湍流涡旋流动的数值模拟,航空学报,1995,16(3):263-268
[32]朱自强.应用计算流体力学.北京航空航天大学出版社,1998
[33]CD- Adapco Company,Pro-am Manual,2000
[34]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD User Guide,1999
[35]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD Methodology,1999
[36]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD Tutorial Manual,1999
[37]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD Command Manual,1999
[38]冀春俊,徐世泊,张英姿,燃气轮机燃烧室内部流场的冷态模拟,陕西省/辽宁省工程热物理学会第三届学术交流会论文集,2003,21-25
[39]CD- Adapco Company,Diesel Engine Spray and Combustion Simulations with STAR-CD,2001
[40]Manampathy G G,Hukam C M,Ghanshyam S.Swirl cup modeling part Ⅵ:dilution jet modeling[R].AIAA 2003-1203
[41]孟江涛,黄勇,郭志辉等,带旋流杯的模型回流燃烧室主燃孔射流研究,航空动力学报,2007,22(7):1148-1152
[2]金如山,航空燃气轮机燃烧室,宇航出版社,1988
[3]哈尔滨703研究所,某燃气轮机燃烧室的设计特点报告,2007年6月
[4]焦树建,燃气轮机燃烧室,机械工业出版社,1988
[5]HIH Saravanamuttoo,Gas Turbine Theory,Prentice Hall,2001
[6]帕坦卡,传热与流体流动的数值计算,科学出版社,1984
[7]赵坚行.燃烧的数值模拟.科学出版社,2002
[8]吴德铭,郜冶.实用计算流体力学基础.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2006.
[9]王承尧,王正华,杨晓辉.计算流体力学及其并行算法.国防科技大学出版社,2000.
[10]孙文策,工程流体力学,大连理工大学出版社,1995
[11]江宏俊,流体力学,高等教育出版社,1985
[12]解茂昭.内燃机计算燃烧学.大连理工大学出版社,2002
[13]王福军.计算流体动力学分析——CFD软件原理及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[14]陶文铨,计算传热学的近代进展,科学出版社,2000
[15]宁晃,高歌,燃烧室气动力学,科学出版社,1987
[16]周立行,湍流两相流动与燃烧的数值模拟,清华大学出版社,1991
[17]岑可法、姚强、骆仲泱、高翔,燃烧理论与污染控制,机械工业出版社,2004.3
[18]Yee,H.C.,Construction of Explicit and Implicit Symmetric TVD Schemes and Their Applications,J.of computational Physics,1987,Vol.68,151-179
[19]Gerolymos,G.A.and Vallet,I.,Computation of Unsteady Three-Dimensional Transonic Nozzle Flow Using k-ε Turbulence Closure,AIAA Joural,1996,Vol.34,No.7.
[20]Wang,J.C.T.and Widhopf G.F.,A High-Resolution TVD Finite Volume Scheme for the Euler Equations in Conservation Form,J.Comput.Phys.,1989,Vol.84,145-173
[21]Anderson,W.K.and Thomas,J.L.,A Comparison of Finite Volume Flux Vector Splittings for the Euler Equations,AIAA,1985,85-0122
[22]袁信,可压缩粘性流动中双方程湍流模型的选择,工程热物理学报,1998,10(4),P.427
[23]韩振学、方韧、纪永春,激波-边界层-分离流相互干扰三维湍流的数值模拟,航空动力学报,1998,13(2),P.143
[24]张涵信,无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式,空气动力学报,1988,6(2),143-165
[25]张涵信,差分计算中激波上下游解出现波动的探讨,空气动力学报,1984,1(2),112-119
[26]宋明德、张涵信、刘金和,火箭发动机塞式喷管流场的数值研究,推进技术,2000,21(5),P.20
[27]Harten,A.,Engquist,B.,Oshor S.and Chakravarthy,S.R.,Uniformly High Order Accurate Essentially Non-Oscillatory Schemes Ⅲ,J.Comp.Phys.1987,Vol.71,231-303
[28]Akmandor,I.S.,Numerical Simulation of Ramjet and Scramjet Combustion Using Two-Dimensional Enler Equations with Finite Rate Chemistry,1993,ISABE 93-7083
[29]焦树建,论在燃气轮机中使用的干式低污染(DLE)燃烧室.燃气轮机技术,1996,9(3):20-30
[30]傅勇强,徐行,牛海瑛,燃烧室内喷雾两相流场数值研究,燃烧科学与技术,2001,7(4):230-234
[31]符松,燃烧室中湍流涡旋流动的数值模拟,航空学报,1995,16(3):263-268
[32]朱自强.应用计算流体力学.北京航空航天大学出版社,1998
[33]CD- Adapco Company,Pro-am Manual,2000
[34]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD User Guide,1999
[35]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD Methodology,1999
[36]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD Tutorial Manual,1999
[37]CD- Adapco Company,STAR-CD Command Manual,1999
[38]冀春俊,徐世泊,张英姿,燃气轮机燃烧室内部流场的冷态模拟,陕西省/辽宁省工程热物理学会第三届学术交流会论文集,2003,21-25
[39]CD- Adapco Company,Diesel Engine Spray and Combustion Simulations with STAR-CD,2001
[40]Manampathy G G,Hukam C M,Ghanshyam S.Swirl cup modeling part Ⅵ:dilution jet modeling[R].AIAA 2003-1203
[41]孟江涛,黄勇,郭志辉等,带旋流杯的模型回流燃烧室主燃孔射流研究,航空动力学报,2007,22(7):1148-1152