现代LNG船舶主要液货系统的仿真研究
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摘要
我国目前LNG船舶营运方面处于起步阶段,如何在短时间内全面提高从事LNG船舶管理人员的技术力量是迫在眉睫的问题。无疑,按照按照“STCW78/95”公约的要求对船员进行模拟器的训练是较为有效的途径之一。遗憾的是,国内尚未开发出相应的系统,基于这种考虑,本文针对LNG船舶的主要液货系统方面进行了课题研究。
在本文中,首先介绍了国内外LNG船的发展概况及船舶仿真的现状和应用,并对LNG船舶主要液货系统作了简要的叙述。其次,对液货系统中的液货泵进行详细的理论研究和数学建模,对该模型给出了计算结果;根据液货的流动状态,本文对LNG船舶货物管网分液态、气态单相和气液两相分别进行了相应的数值建模,将吉不斯定律运用于两相流之中,推导出了在两相平衡态下压力和温度之间的函数关系,并将有限元理论运用到LNG船舶气态单相和两相数值模型的求解过程中,取得了预期的效果;对LNG船压载管网进行了计算仿真;最后,本文对LNG船的惰气系统的进行了建模仿真,实现了惰气系统的操作仿真。
本文在理论研究的基础上开发出系统仿真软件,该软件对液化气船操作培训具有一定应用价值,同时还可应用于仿真试验教学。
Now the management of LNG carrier in our country is at the initial stage. Improving the management ability for LNG carrier in short time is an important problem. As the requirement of Convention STCW78/95, different kinds of training simulator in seaman are now widely applied. This paper deals with the cargo handling simulating system in LNG carrier.
Firstly, the thesis introduces the general situation about the development of the LNG carrier in domestic and international and the simulator's application on navigation. A brief description is made about LNG carrier's cargo system; Secondly, detail theoretical research and mathematic models are provided on the important composing parts of pressure control system, such as pump. Mathematic models of flowing state of liquid in cargo piping network are built up and Gibbs theory is exerted to two-phase flow and corresponding function between pressure and temperature is deduced. Particularly, finite element theory is applied to mathematic model of two-phase flow and expected result is obtained; Thirdly, the model of ballasting pipeline network is simulated by the methods of predecessors; At last, The IGS system operated on LNG ship is simulated. By which simulating training to IGS can be achieved.
Based on the theoretical research work, multi-media simulation software is developed. This software can be applied to the training of chemical ship operation and the teaching.
在本文中,首先介绍了国内外LNG船的发展概况及船舶仿真的现状和应用,并对LNG船舶主要液货系统作了简要的叙述。其次,对液货系统中的液货泵进行详细的理论研究和数学建模,对该模型给出了计算结果;根据液货的流动状态,本文对LNG船舶货物管网分液态、气态单相和气液两相分别进行了相应的数值建模,将吉不斯定律运用于两相流之中,推导出了在两相平衡态下压力和温度之间的函数关系,并将有限元理论运用到LNG船舶气态单相和两相数值模型的求解过程中,取得了预期的效果;对LNG船压载管网进行了计算仿真;最后,本文对LNG船的惰气系统的进行了建模仿真,实现了惰气系统的操作仿真。
本文在理论研究的基础上开发出系统仿真软件,该软件对液化气船操作培训具有一定应用价值,同时还可应用于仿真试验教学。
Now the management of LNG carrier in our country is at the initial stage. Improving the management ability for LNG carrier in short time is an important problem. As the requirement of Convention STCW78/95, different kinds of training simulator in seaman are now widely applied. This paper deals with the cargo handling simulating system in LNG carrier.
Firstly, the thesis introduces the general situation about the development of the LNG carrier in domestic and international and the simulator's application on navigation. A brief description is made about LNG carrier's cargo system; Secondly, detail theoretical research and mathematic models are provided on the important composing parts of pressure control system, such as pump. Mathematic models of flowing state of liquid in cargo piping network are built up and Gibbs theory is exerted to two-phase flow and corresponding function between pressure and temperature is deduced. Particularly, finite element theory is applied to mathematic model of two-phase flow and expected result is obtained; Thirdly, the model of ballasting pipeline network is simulated by the methods of predecessors; At last, The IGS system operated on LNG ship is simulated. By which simulating training to IGS can be achieved.
Based on the theoretical research work, multi-media simulation software is developed. This software can be applied to the training of chemical ship operation and the teaching.
引文
[1]Zhang Han.Basic Composition of Guangdong LNG Project.CHINA OIL&GAS,2000(4):34-35.
[2]Bob Curt.Marine Transportation of LNG Intertanko Conference.Ship Acquisition Manager.QantargasⅡ Development,2004(4);7-12.
[3]欧卫新,李玉如.我国LNG海运市场发展前景展望.上海:上海海事大学,2007(6).
[4]肖冬荣.系统控制论—系统建模与系统分析.武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1995(1).
[5]熊光楞,肖田元,张燕云.连续系统仿真与离散事件系统的仿真.北京:清华大学出版社,1991(1):56-59.
[6]李品友.液化气体海运技术.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2003(1):133-140.
[7]罗龙军等.液化气船安全知识和操作.大连:大连海事大学出版社,1999(11):337-340.
[8]于洪亮,黄连忠.船舶动力装置.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2006(12):76-77.
[9]程国瑞.船舶动力装置原理.北京:人民交通出版社,2001(7):100-102.
[10]殷佩海.船舶防污染技术.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2000(10):184-188.
[11]单浩明.液化气船装卸流程及海上运输安全性的研究.大连:大连海事大学,2001(3):13-14.
[12]王永伟,王传荣,王晶.LNG船三种储罐系统比较分析.船舶物资与市场,2007(2).
[13](美)I.J.卡拉西克.泵手册,第一分册:74-82.
[14](日)惠美洋彦.液化气运输船实用手册.黄胜等译.第一版,哈尔滨船舶工程学院出版社.1992:126-152.
[15]费千.船舶辅机(第二版).大连:大连海事大学出版社,2007(8):29-30,33-34.
[16]关醒凡.泵的理论与设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1995(7):30-32.
[17]张国忠等.输油管道设计与管理.山东:石油大学出版社,1996(8):72-76.
[18]郭光臣等.油库设计与管理.山东:石油大学出版社,1991(12):172-250.
[19]苏晨孺.线性模型中的最小二乘法(精)/科学前沿丛书.上海:上海科学技术出版公司,2003(3):18-20.
[20]杨建立.油船货油系统的仿真研究.大连:大连海事大学学报,1999(8).
[21]周光垌,严宗毅,许世雄,章克本编著.流体力学(上册).第二版.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[22]周光垌,严宗毅,许世雄,章克本编著.流体力学(下册).第二版.北京:高等教育出版 社,2000.
[23]Pieter Wesseling,Principles of Computational Fluid Dynamics,Springer-Verlag.2006(1).
[24]Pozrikidis C,Fluid dynamics.Theory,computation and numerical simulation,Kluwer,2001:130-135.
[25]Jones and Bartlett Publ,Lynn H.Loomis and Shlomo Sternberg,Advanced Calculus,revised edition,1990.266-290.
[26]江春波等.计算流体力学.北京:中国电力出版社,2007(8):55-70.
[27]Anderson.J.D.Jr,omputational fluid dynamics,1995:33-40.
[28]吴颂平.计算流体力学基础及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2007(6):62-80.
[29]Bloomer.J.Practical.Fluid Mechanics For Engineering Applications.Dekker.2000.
[30]张兆顺等.流体力学.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:91-113.
[31]Munson B R,Young D E & Okiishi T H.Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics.Fourth Edition.New York:John Wiley & Sons.Inc.2002.
[32]John D.Anderson,etc.computational fluid dynamics(the basics with application).1997.
[33]哈尔滨建筑工程学院等.燃气输配.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1981(2):88-121.
[34]王真茂著.油船货油系统装卸操作仿真.硕士论文.大连:大连海事大学,1999:33-35.
[35]刘伟.全压式液化石油气船液货系统的仿真研究.硕士论文.大连:大连海事大学,2004:24-26.
[36]大庆油田科学研究设计院.油气集输贮运设计手册.,1975(4):77-108..
[37]Roberson J A,& Crowe C T.Engineering Fluid Mechanics.Sixth Edition.New York:John Wiley & Sons.Inc.,1997.
[38]巴切勒G K.流体动力学引论.沈青、贾复译.北京:科学出版社.,1997.
[39]莫乃榕.工程流体力学.第一版.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000:91-113.
[40]Streeter V L,& Wylie E B.Fluid Mechanics.Eighth Edition.New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1985.
[41]黄祥麟.高等流体力学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995:60-85.
[42]袁恩熙.工程流体力学.北京;石油工业出版社,1993:52-63.
[43]张世芳.泵与风机.第一版.机械工业出版社,1996:137-167.
[44]关醒凡.泵的理论与设计.机械工业出版社,1995:55-70.
[45]Fox R W and Mcdonald AT.Introduction to Fluid Mechanics.Fifth Edition.New York:John Wiley & Sons.Inc,1998.
[46]D.Chisholm 著,Two-Phase Flow in Pipelines and Heat Exchangers.Longman inc.,1983.182-196.
[47]John S.Zink.Michael Lowery,Dealing with Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds in Loading Operation,Port Technology International:261-263.
[48]张远君.两相流体动力学基础理论及其工程应用.北京:北京航空学院出版社,2006:89-112.
[49]周强泰.两相流动和热交换.水利电力出版社,1990:34-55.
[50]怀特F M.粘性流体动力学.魏中磊、甄思淼译.北京:科学出版社,1982.
[51]王则柯,凌志英.拓扑理论及其应用.国防工业出版社,1993.
[52]Afra J.Zomorodian.Topology for Computing.Cambridge University.2005.
[53]Martin D Cronley.Essential Topology.Springer.2007(2).
[54]Huberner.Thornton.有限元素法.台湾:晓园出版社.1993.
[55]邵敏等.有限元法基本原理和数值方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
[56]姚寿广.船舶动力装置.国防工业出版社,2006(8):58-63.
[57]李天启.Visual Basic 6.0学习捷径.北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[58]王道荣等.Visual Basic 6从入门到精通.中国铁道出版社,2000.
[59](美)Rob Thayer.曾湘宁等译.Visual Basic 6揭秘.电子工业出版社,1999.
[60]Kenneth H.Huebner JOHN WILEY & SONS.The Finite Element Method for Engineers.1975.
[61]Jiang.T.W.J.Hsu.Commission of Droplet Combustion Models in Spray Combustion.New York:AIAA Press,2003.
[62]Soteriou.C.R.Andrews,M.Smith..Direct Injection Diesel Sprays and the Effect of the Effect of cavitations and Hydraulic Flip on Atomization,Chicago:SAE press,1995.
[63]张维竟.舰船动力装置系统仿真.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006(12):9-21.
[64]彭乃东.51800DWT成品油船惰气燃油系统的设计.广东:广船科技,2007(3).
[65]海洋石油116FPSO分册.文昌19-1油田培训手册.2007(6):174-180.
[66]庄德建.化学品船装卸综合评价研究.大连海事大学硕士论文.2008(3):55-58.
[2]Bob Curt.Marine Transportation of LNG Intertanko Conference.Ship Acquisition Manager.QantargasⅡ Development,2004(4);7-12.
[3]欧卫新,李玉如.我国LNG海运市场发展前景展望.上海:上海海事大学,2007(6).
[4]肖冬荣.系统控制论—系统建模与系统分析.武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1995(1).
[5]熊光楞,肖田元,张燕云.连续系统仿真与离散事件系统的仿真.北京:清华大学出版社,1991(1):56-59.
[6]李品友.液化气体海运技术.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2003(1):133-140.
[7]罗龙军等.液化气船安全知识和操作.大连:大连海事大学出版社,1999(11):337-340.
[8]于洪亮,黄连忠.船舶动力装置.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2006(12):76-77.
[9]程国瑞.船舶动力装置原理.北京:人民交通出版社,2001(7):100-102.
[10]殷佩海.船舶防污染技术.大连:大连海事大学出版社,2000(10):184-188.
[11]单浩明.液化气船装卸流程及海上运输安全性的研究.大连:大连海事大学,2001(3):13-14.
[12]王永伟,王传荣,王晶.LNG船三种储罐系统比较分析.船舶物资与市场,2007(2).
[13](美)I.J.卡拉西克.泵手册,第一分册:74-82.
[14](日)惠美洋彦.液化气运输船实用手册.黄胜等译.第一版,哈尔滨船舶工程学院出版社.1992:126-152.
[15]费千.船舶辅机(第二版).大连:大连海事大学出版社,2007(8):29-30,33-34.
[16]关醒凡.泵的理论与设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1995(7):30-32.
[17]张国忠等.输油管道设计与管理.山东:石油大学出版社,1996(8):72-76.
[18]郭光臣等.油库设计与管理.山东:石油大学出版社,1991(12):172-250.
[19]苏晨孺.线性模型中的最小二乘法(精)/科学前沿丛书.上海:上海科学技术出版公司,2003(3):18-20.
[20]杨建立.油船货油系统的仿真研究.大连:大连海事大学学报,1999(8).
[21]周光垌,严宗毅,许世雄,章克本编著.流体力学(上册).第二版.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[22]周光垌,严宗毅,许世雄,章克本编著.流体力学(下册).第二版.北京:高等教育出版 社,2000.
[23]Pieter Wesseling,Principles of Computational Fluid Dynamics,Springer-Verlag.2006(1).
[24]Pozrikidis C,Fluid dynamics.Theory,computation and numerical simulation,Kluwer,2001:130-135.
[25]Jones and Bartlett Publ,Lynn H.Loomis and Shlomo Sternberg,Advanced Calculus,revised edition,1990.266-290.
[26]江春波等.计算流体力学.北京:中国电力出版社,2007(8):55-70.
[27]Anderson.J.D.Jr,omputational fluid dynamics,1995:33-40.
[28]吴颂平.计算流体力学基础及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2007(6):62-80.
[29]Bloomer.J.Practical.Fluid Mechanics For Engineering Applications.Dekker.2000.
[30]张兆顺等.流体力学.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:91-113.
[31]Munson B R,Young D E & Okiishi T H.Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics.Fourth Edition.New York:John Wiley & Sons.Inc.2002.
[32]John D.Anderson,etc.computational fluid dynamics(the basics with application).1997.
[33]哈尔滨建筑工程学院等.燃气输配.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1981(2):88-121.
[34]王真茂著.油船货油系统装卸操作仿真.硕士论文.大连:大连海事大学,1999:33-35.
[35]刘伟.全压式液化石油气船液货系统的仿真研究.硕士论文.大连:大连海事大学,2004:24-26.
[36]大庆油田科学研究设计院.油气集输贮运设计手册.,1975(4):77-108..
[37]Roberson J A,& Crowe C T.Engineering Fluid Mechanics.Sixth Edition.New York:John Wiley & Sons.Inc.,1997.
[38]巴切勒G K.流体动力学引论.沈青、贾复译.北京:科学出版社.,1997.
[39]莫乃榕.工程流体力学.第一版.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000:91-113.
[40]Streeter V L,& Wylie E B.Fluid Mechanics.Eighth Edition.New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1985.
[41]黄祥麟.高等流体力学.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995:60-85.
[42]袁恩熙.工程流体力学.北京;石油工业出版社,1993:52-63.
[43]张世芳.泵与风机.第一版.机械工业出版社,1996:137-167.
[44]关醒凡.泵的理论与设计.机械工业出版社,1995:55-70.
[45]Fox R W and Mcdonald AT.Introduction to Fluid Mechanics.Fifth Edition.New York:John Wiley & Sons.Inc,1998.
[46]D.Chisholm 著,Two-Phase Flow in Pipelines and Heat Exchangers.Longman inc.,1983.182-196.
[47]John S.Zink.Michael Lowery,Dealing with Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds in Loading Operation,Port Technology International:261-263.
[48]张远君.两相流体动力学基础理论及其工程应用.北京:北京航空学院出版社,2006:89-112.
[49]周强泰.两相流动和热交换.水利电力出版社,1990:34-55.
[50]怀特F M.粘性流体动力学.魏中磊、甄思淼译.北京:科学出版社,1982.
[51]王则柯,凌志英.拓扑理论及其应用.国防工业出版社,1993.
[52]Afra J.Zomorodian.Topology for Computing.Cambridge University.2005.
[53]Martin D Cronley.Essential Topology.Springer.2007(2).
[54]Huberner.Thornton.有限元素法.台湾:晓园出版社.1993.
[55]邵敏等.有限元法基本原理和数值方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
[56]姚寿广.船舶动力装置.国防工业出版社,2006(8):58-63.
[57]李天启.Visual Basic 6.0学习捷径.北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[58]王道荣等.Visual Basic 6从入门到精通.中国铁道出版社,2000.
[59](美)Rob Thayer.曾湘宁等译.Visual Basic 6揭秘.电子工业出版社,1999.
[60]Kenneth H.Huebner JOHN WILEY & SONS.The Finite Element Method for Engineers.1975.
[61]Jiang.T.W.J.Hsu.Commission of Droplet Combustion Models in Spray Combustion.New York:AIAA Press,2003.
[62]Soteriou.C.R.Andrews,M.Smith..Direct Injection Diesel Sprays and the Effect of the Effect of cavitations and Hydraulic Flip on Atomization,Chicago:SAE press,1995.
[63]张维竟.舰船动力装置系统仿真.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2006(12):9-21.
[64]彭乃东.51800DWT成品油船惰气燃油系统的设计.广东:广船科技,2007(3).
[65]海洋石油116FPSO分册.文昌19-1油田培训手册.2007(6):174-180.
[66]庄德建.化学品船装卸综合评价研究.大连海事大学硕士论文.2008(3):55-58.