纵横波叠后联合反演油气预测方法研究及应用
|
摘要
储层地球物理以地震技术,岩石物理等为作为技术手段,对储层的物性、空间展布、流体分布规律等方面进行研究,从而定性或定量地对储层进行描述和评价。目前,以测井、地震联合反演方法技术为核心的地球物理研究手段是有效储层预测的主要途径。而现在的一些地震反演技术如叠前AVO联合反演虽然可以获得纵横波速度比等参数,但是它主要利用了纵波的AVO资料,通过Zeoppritz方程求解出横波信息,带有一定的近似和假设。常规叠后纵横波联合反演一般是先分别反演出纵、横波阻抗,再联系起来进行分析,忽略了他们之间的内在联系。
事实上,纵波速度与横波速度之间存在线性联系,纵波速度与地质体的密度也存在密切联系。鉴于此,论文采用了纵横波叠后联合反演方法,将这3个重要的岩性参数联系起来,进行同时反演,从而提高了反演的精度和可靠性,使多波多分量资料在预测岩性、识别流体等优势的充分得到发挥。
具体研究内容分以下几个方面:
(1)研究了纵横波叠后联合反演的方法。根据Fatti等人的纵波地震记录表达式,以及Steward与Larson的横波地震记录表达式,利用反射系数、纵波阻抗、横波阻抗、密度之间的关系,推导出纵横波叠后联合反演的地震记录表达式。基于实际测井资料,利用共轭梯度法反演求解出纵波阻抗、横波阻抗和密度等重要的岩性参数,在此基础上进一步计算得到纵横波速度比、泊松比等参数。
(2)研究了纵横波地震资料的匹配问题。PP波与PS波地震资料的匹配处理主要包括:时间匹配、能量匹配和波形匹配三个方面。PP波与PS波剖面的匹配质量是影响叠后纵横波联合反演结果可靠性的关键因素之一。
(3)在以上研究的基础上,完成了新场地区须家河组须二段储层的纵横波叠后联合反演储层预测研究。综合利用了纵横波联合反演所获得的纵波速度、横波速度、纵波阻抗、横波阻抗、纵横波速度比、泊松比以及密度等重要的岩性、物性参数。研究这些参数的特征,提取相应的岩石物理信息和含油气信息,综合预测有利含气储层的分布。
本论文的研究找到了实现纵横波叠后联合反演的有效方法,完成了对纵横波层位的井-震联合标定,实现了纵横波地震资料的匹配,同时完成了反演后储层物性参数的综合解释工作,初步形成了适合川西地区深层致密碎屑岩储层预测研究的纵横波叠后反演技术。该研究成果对其他地区类似的致密碎屑岩油气藏的研究具有重要的指导作用。
Reservoir geophysics can be applied to study the physics-characteristic,space disturber,fluid attribute of reservoir by making user of seismic technology, rock-physics ,and other methods. It helps us to identify and evaluate the reservoir qualitatively or quantitatively.At present, logging and seismic joint inversion of geophysical technology as the core of research methods is the main way to predict the effective reservoir. Now some of the seismic inversion techniques such as prestack AVO inversion although it gets the pp-ps wave velocity ratio and other parameters, but the main advantage of the longitudinal wave AVO data, solving the wave equation by Zeoppritz equation, with some approximation and assumptions. Aspect of conventional post-stack inversion is usually the first wave are inverted pp and ps wave impedance, and then linked to the analysis, ignoring the intrinsic connection between them.
In fact, the P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity linear contact. P-wave velocity and density of the geological body is closely linked. In view of this, the paper will use the vertical and horizontal wave stack inversion method, the lithology of these three important parameters linked to simultaneous inversion,thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the inversion, the final impact of multiwave.Forecast lithology and fluid identification advantages into full playing.
Specific study is divided into the following aspects:
(1) Study the vertical and horizontal wave stack at the same time the joint inversion method. Fatti and others under the P-wave seismic record expressions, and Steward and Larson's wave seismic record expressions, using the reflection coefficient, wave impedance, shear impedance and density, the relationship between the vertical and horizontal wave stack is derived after the joint inversion of seismic records expression. Based on the actual logging data, using conjugate gradient method for solving the wave impedance inversion, shear impedance and density of rocks and other important parameters, a basis for further calculated shear wave velocity ratio, Poisson's ratio and other parameters.
(2) Study the PP wave and PS wave seismic data matching. PP and PS seismic wave data matching processing include: time matching ,the energy matching and waveform matching. PP and PS wave wave profiles match the quality aspect is the impact of post-stack inversion results of the reliability of wave one of the keys.
(3) On the basis of the above, the completion of a new market areas Xujiahe aspect of reservoir after the joint inversion of wave stack prediction. Utilization of the vertical and horizontal wave obtained by joint inversion of compressional wave velocity, shear wave speed, wave impedance, shear impedance and shear wave velocity ratio, Poisson's ratio and density important lithology, physical parameters. Study the characteristics of these parameters, extract the corresponding petrophysical information and oil and gas information, enabling comprehensive prediction of gas reservoir distribution.
Finding of this research is to achieve vertical and horizontal wave of post-stack inversion of the effective ways to complete vertical and horizontal wave layer of the well - seismic calibration, vertical and horizontal seismic data to achieve a match, and after the completion of the reservoir property inversion parameters of the integrated interpretation, the initial formation of a deep western Sichuan tight clastic reservoir prediction of vertical and horizontal wave post-stack inversion. The research is similar to other regions of dense clastic reservoirs of important guiding role.
事实上,纵波速度与横波速度之间存在线性联系,纵波速度与地质体的密度也存在密切联系。鉴于此,论文采用了纵横波叠后联合反演方法,将这3个重要的岩性参数联系起来,进行同时反演,从而提高了反演的精度和可靠性,使多波多分量资料在预测岩性、识别流体等优势的充分得到发挥。
具体研究内容分以下几个方面:
(1)研究了纵横波叠后联合反演的方法。根据Fatti等人的纵波地震记录表达式,以及Steward与Larson的横波地震记录表达式,利用反射系数、纵波阻抗、横波阻抗、密度之间的关系,推导出纵横波叠后联合反演的地震记录表达式。基于实际测井资料,利用共轭梯度法反演求解出纵波阻抗、横波阻抗和密度等重要的岩性参数,在此基础上进一步计算得到纵横波速度比、泊松比等参数。
(2)研究了纵横波地震资料的匹配问题。PP波与PS波地震资料的匹配处理主要包括:时间匹配、能量匹配和波形匹配三个方面。PP波与PS波剖面的匹配质量是影响叠后纵横波联合反演结果可靠性的关键因素之一。
(3)在以上研究的基础上,完成了新场地区须家河组须二段储层的纵横波叠后联合反演储层预测研究。综合利用了纵横波联合反演所获得的纵波速度、横波速度、纵波阻抗、横波阻抗、纵横波速度比、泊松比以及密度等重要的岩性、物性参数。研究这些参数的特征,提取相应的岩石物理信息和含油气信息,综合预测有利含气储层的分布。
本论文的研究找到了实现纵横波叠后联合反演的有效方法,完成了对纵横波层位的井-震联合标定,实现了纵横波地震资料的匹配,同时完成了反演后储层物性参数的综合解释工作,初步形成了适合川西地区深层致密碎屑岩储层预测研究的纵横波叠后反演技术。该研究成果对其他地区类似的致密碎屑岩油气藏的研究具有重要的指导作用。
Reservoir geophysics can be applied to study the physics-characteristic,space disturber,fluid attribute of reservoir by making user of seismic technology, rock-physics ,and other methods. It helps us to identify and evaluate the reservoir qualitatively or quantitatively.At present, logging and seismic joint inversion of geophysical technology as the core of research methods is the main way to predict the effective reservoir. Now some of the seismic inversion techniques such as prestack AVO inversion although it gets the pp-ps wave velocity ratio and other parameters, but the main advantage of the longitudinal wave AVO data, solving the wave equation by Zeoppritz equation, with some approximation and assumptions. Aspect of conventional post-stack inversion is usually the first wave are inverted pp and ps wave impedance, and then linked to the analysis, ignoring the intrinsic connection between them.
In fact, the P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity linear contact. P-wave velocity and density of the geological body is closely linked. In view of this, the paper will use the vertical and horizontal wave stack inversion method, the lithology of these three important parameters linked to simultaneous inversion,thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the inversion, the final impact of multiwave.Forecast lithology and fluid identification advantages into full playing.
Specific study is divided into the following aspects:
(1) Study the vertical and horizontal wave stack at the same time the joint inversion method. Fatti and others under the P-wave seismic record expressions, and Steward and Larson's wave seismic record expressions, using the reflection coefficient, wave impedance, shear impedance and density, the relationship between the vertical and horizontal wave stack is derived after the joint inversion of seismic records expression. Based on the actual logging data, using conjugate gradient method for solving the wave impedance inversion, shear impedance and density of rocks and other important parameters, a basis for further calculated shear wave velocity ratio, Poisson's ratio and other parameters.
(2) Study the PP wave and PS wave seismic data matching. PP and PS seismic wave data matching processing include: time matching ,the energy matching and waveform matching. PP and PS wave wave profiles match the quality aspect is the impact of post-stack inversion results of the reliability of wave one of the keys.
(3) On the basis of the above, the completion of a new market areas Xujiahe aspect of reservoir after the joint inversion of wave stack prediction. Utilization of the vertical and horizontal wave obtained by joint inversion of compressional wave velocity, shear wave speed, wave impedance, shear impedance and shear wave velocity ratio, Poisson's ratio and density important lithology, physical parameters. Study the characteristics of these parameters, extract the corresponding petrophysical information and oil and gas information, enabling comprehensive prediction of gas reservoir distribution.
Finding of this research is to achieve vertical and horizontal wave of post-stack inversion of the effective ways to complete vertical and horizontal wave layer of the well - seismic calibration, vertical and horizontal seismic data to achieve a match, and after the completion of the reservoir property inversion parameters of the integrated interpretation, the initial formation of a deep western Sichuan tight clastic reservoir prediction of vertical and horizontal wave post-stack inversion. The research is similar to other regions of dense clastic reservoirs of important guiding role.
引文
[1]贾承造等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3-9
[2]苑书金,董宁,于常青.叠前联合反演P波阻抗和S波阻抗的研究及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):339～312
[3]黄中玉,赵金州.纵波和转换波AVO联合反演技术[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):319～322
[4]陈天胜,刘洋,魏修成.纵波和转换波联合AVO反演方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):33～37
[5]王明春,李录明,罗省贤. TI介质多波AVA联合反演岩性参数方法及应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(4):49～52
[6]李录明,罗省贤.多波资料处理及解释方法的研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(6):663～671
[7]刘洋,魏修成.三维转换波地震资料处理方法[J].天然气工业,2006,26(12):72-74
[8] Li,X-Y and Yuan,J-X.Converted-wave moveout and parameter estimation for transverse isotropy[J].61st EAGE Conference, Expanded Abstract,1999,4-35
[9] Xiang-Yang Li, Jianxin Yuan.Converted-wave moveout and conversion-poit equations in layered VTI media theory and application[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2003,54:297-318
[10] LXY and Yuan,J Conveted-wave moveout and parameter estimation for transverse isotropy[J]. Expanded Abstract,1999, 1181-1184
[11]甘利灯.地震岩石物理学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[12]徐天吉,程冰洁等. PP波与P-SV波叠前联合反演研究与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008.10:368-372
[13]鲁红英,徐天吉,杆器刚,等.川西坳陷深层须家河组裂缝模型含气响应研究[J].石油物探, 2007,46(1): 16-19
[14]张虹,沈忠民.超致密裂缝储层地震预测方法研究.成都理工大学学报, 2008.4:149-157
[15]于鹏,王家林等.地球物理联合反演的研究现状和分析.勘探地球物理进展, 2006.4: 87-94
[16]何委徽,王家林,于鹏.地球物理联合反演研究的现状和趋势分析.地球物理学进展. 2009.4:530-540
[17]苑书金.叠前地震反演技术的进展及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用.地球物理学进展. 2007.6: 879-886
[18]雍杨,李录明,罗省贤.多波AVA地层参数反演.矿物岩石. 2003.3: 117-120
[19]符志国,梁波等.多波叠前联合反演方法.天然气工业. 2007.9: 471-474
[20]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌等.多尺度地震资料联合反演方法研究. 2009.4: 1059-1067
[21] STEWARTR.R. Joint P and P-SV inversion[J]. CREWES Research Report, 1990(2): 112-115
[22] JEFFREY A LARSEN. AVO Inversion by simultaneous P-P and P-S inversion[C].Master Paper,University of Calgary,1999.
[23] HELENE HAFSLUND VEIRE,MAR TIN LANDRO.Simulraneous inversion of PP and PS seismic data[J]. Geophysics,2006,71(3):1-9
[24] CHUAND ONG(RICHARD) XU,ROBERT R.STEWART. Using 3D Multi-component Seismic Dta,Logs and VSP to Interpret a Sand-Shale Oil Reservoir.EAGE 66th Conference&Exhibition,2004,June:7-10
[25] Jeffrey A.Larsen,Gary F.Margrave,Han-xing Lu and Colin C.Potter. Simultaneous P-P and P-S by weighted stacking applied to the Blackfoot 3C-3D survey. CORWES ResearchReport.1998(10):50.1-50.23
[26] CHEN MAOSHAN,ZHAN SHIFAN,WAN ZHONGHONG,and LIU LANFENG. Joint postsrack P- and PS-wave impedance inversion and an example from northern China. ASIA PACIFIC,2009(3): 332-338
[27] Hudson J A. Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks[J].Geophys J Roy Astr Soc, 1981,64:133-150
[28]陈禺页,黄庭芳.岩石物理学.北京:北京大学出版社,2001.69～94
[29]甘利灯.地震岩石物理学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[30]寻浩,董敏煜,牟永光.横向各向同性性介质中AVO.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(1):45～56
[31]张应波.储层物性参数处理技术应用实例.石油地球物理勘探, 1998,6,33: 370-381
[32]唐建明,AVO纵横波反演.物探化探计算技术,2002,1.
[33]许多,李显贵,刘殊等,合兴场地震资料吸收油气预测研究.物探化探计算技术,2002,2
[34]李显贵,徐天吉,甘其刚.新场气田须家河气藏含气性地震检测研究[J].石油物探,200603,45(2):186~191
[35]马昭军,唐建明. P-SV波反射系数计算方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展, 2007,30(6): 433-439
[36]黄绪德,杨文霞.转换波地震勘探.石油工业出版社, 2008
[37]黄绪德.油气预测与油气藏描述—地震勘探直接找油气.南京:江苏科技出版社, 2003.
[38] Ensley R A. Comparison of P- and S- wave seismic data: A new method for detecting gas reservoir. Geophysics, 1984, 49: 1420-1431
[39] Winterstein D F and Hanten J B. supercritical reflections observed in P- and S- wave data. Geophysics,1985,50: 185-195
[40] Robertson J D, Pritchett W C. Direct hydrocarbon detection using comparative P-wave and S-wave seismic sections. Geophysics, 1985, 50: 383-393
[41] Tatham R H. Shear waves and lithology, in, Dohr, G., Ed., Seismic shear waves Part B: Applications. Geophys. Press, 1985,87-133
[42] Tatham R H and Krug E H. v P vS interptretation, in A. A. Fich, Ed., Developments in geophysical exploration method-6: Elsevier Appl. Publi., 1985,139-188
[43] Alford R M. Shear data in the presence of azimuthal anisotropy. 56th Ann. Internat. Mtg. Expl. Geophys, Expended Abstracts, 1986,476-479
[44] Graves J E and Schneider W A. Investigation ofconverted wave(P-SV) reflection prospecting systems. Presented 49th Ann. Internat. Mtg. Soc. Explor. Geophys, New Orleans; abs., Geophysics,1979, 45, 528,(1,2,8,9)
[45] Harrison M P. Processing of P-SV surface-seismic data: anisotropy, dip moveout, and migration. A dissertation of Doctor of Philosophy,University of Calgary,1992
[46] Stewart R R and Lawton D C. Converted-wave seismic exploration. University of Calgory, Soc. Expl. Geophys., 1998
[47] Grechka V and Tstankin I. PP+PS=SS. Geophysics,2002, 67: 1961-1971
[48] Dag Helland-Hansen, Ingrid Magnus, Atle Edvardsen Seismic inversion for reservoir characterization and well planning in the snorre Field[J]. The Leading Edge, 1997, 16(3): 269-273
[49] Berge T B, Fred Aminzadeh, Paulde Groot, et al. Seismic inversion successfully predictsreservoir, porosity, and gas content in Ibhubesi Field, Orange Basin, South Afria[J]. The Leading Edge,2002, 21(4): 338-348
[50] Satinder Chopra. Integrating coherence cube imaging and seismic inversion[J]. The Leading Edge,2001, 20(4): 354-362
[51] Aki, K., and Richards, P.G., 1980, Quantitative seismology: Theory and methods, Vol. 1: W.H. Freeman and Co
[52] Danbom, S.H., and Domenico, S.N., 1986, Shear-wave exploration: Geophysical Development 1, Soc. Expl.Geophys
[53] Gardner,G.H.F., Gardner, L.W., and Gregory, A.R., 1974, Formation velocity and desity, the diagnostic basic for stratigraphic traps: Geophysics, 39,770-780
[54] Garotta, R., and Granger, P.Y., 1987, Comparison of responses of compressional and converted waveson a gas sand: 57th Ann. Internat. Mtg., Soc. Expl. Geophys., Expanded Abstracts, 627-630
[55] Margrave, G.F. and Foltinek, D.S., 1995, Sythetic P-P and P-SV cross sections: CREWES AnnualResearch Report, Vol. 7
[56] Vestrum, R.W., and Stewart, R.R., 1993, Joint P and P-SV inversion: Application and testing: TheCREWES Research Report, Vol. 5, ch. 13.
[57] Stewart, R.R., 1990, Joint P and P-SV Inversion: The CREWES Research Report, Vol. 3, 112-115.
[58]杨辉,戴世坤,宋海斌,等.综合地球物理联合反演综述[J].地球物理学进展, 2002,17(2): 262-271
[59]宁松华.利用高分辨率地震反演研究薄砂岩储层[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(2): 60-62
[60]张宏,杨春峰,任军战等.叠后地震反演方法联合应用研究[J].石油天然气学报, 2009,31:246-250
[61]冯桓,王兆国,刘财等. P-P波和P-SV波联合AVO反演研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(5): 1556-1559
[62]赵邦六.多分量地震勘探技术理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2007
[63]李来运,蒋加钰.储层横向预测的纵横波联合反演[J].长庆石油物探. 1995, 2, 28-33
[64]范祯祥,郑仙种,范书芯,等.利用地震测井资料联合反演储层物性参数[J].石油地球物理勘探, 1998, 33(1): 38-53
[65]牟永光.储层地球物理学.北京:石油工业出版社,1996.25-50
[66]甘利灯.地震岩石物理学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[67]张应波.储层物性参数处理技术应用实例.石油地球物理勘探, 1998, 6, 33: 370-381
[68]张应波.利用储层物性参数预测油气.中国海上油气, 1999, 3, 1: 55-62
[69]李录明,罗省贤.多波多分量地震勘探原理及数据处理方法.成都:成都科技大学出版社,1997
[70]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社, 1993
[71]韩文功,印兴耀等.地震技术新进展(上).山东东营:中国石油大学, 2006
[72]陆基孟.地震勘探原理(下).山东东营:中国石油大学, 1993
[73]俞寿朋著.高分辨率地震勘探.石油大学出版社, 1993
[74]渥·伊奥马兹.地震数据处理.北京:石油工业出版社, 1993
[75]赵邦六.多分量地震勘探技术理论与实践.北京:石油工业出版社, 2007
[76]李庆忠.多波勘探的难点与展望.青岛:中国海洋大学出版社, 2007
[2]苑书金,董宁,于常青.叠前联合反演P波阻抗和S波阻抗的研究及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):339～312
[3]黄中玉,赵金州.纵波和转换波AVO联合反演技术[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):319～322
[4]陈天胜,刘洋,魏修成.纵波和转换波联合AVO反演方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):33～37
[5]王明春,李录明,罗省贤. TI介质多波AVA联合反演岩性参数方法及应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(4):49～52
[6]李录明,罗省贤.多波资料处理及解释方法的研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(6):663～671
[7]刘洋,魏修成.三维转换波地震资料处理方法[J].天然气工业,2006,26(12):72-74
[8] Li,X-Y and Yuan,J-X.Converted-wave moveout and parameter estimation for transverse isotropy[J].61st EAGE Conference, Expanded Abstract,1999,4-35
[9] Xiang-Yang Li, Jianxin Yuan.Converted-wave moveout and conversion-poit equations in layered VTI media theory and application[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2003,54:297-318
[10] LXY and Yuan,J Conveted-wave moveout and parameter estimation for transverse isotropy[J]. Expanded Abstract,1999, 1181-1184
[11]甘利灯.地震岩石物理学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[12]徐天吉,程冰洁等. PP波与P-SV波叠前联合反演研究与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008.10:368-372
[13]鲁红英,徐天吉,杆器刚,等.川西坳陷深层须家河组裂缝模型含气响应研究[J].石油物探, 2007,46(1): 16-19
[14]张虹,沈忠民.超致密裂缝储层地震预测方法研究.成都理工大学学报, 2008.4:149-157
[15]于鹏,王家林等.地球物理联合反演的研究现状和分析.勘探地球物理进展, 2006.4: 87-94
[16]何委徽,王家林,于鹏.地球物理联合反演研究的现状和趋势分析.地球物理学进展. 2009.4:530-540
[17]苑书金.叠前地震反演技术的进展及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用.地球物理学进展. 2007.6: 879-886
[18]雍杨,李录明,罗省贤.多波AVA地层参数反演.矿物岩石. 2003.3: 117-120
[19]符志国,梁波等.多波叠前联合反演方法.天然气工业. 2007.9: 471-474
[20]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌等.多尺度地震资料联合反演方法研究. 2009.4: 1059-1067
[21] STEWARTR.R. Joint P and P-SV inversion[J]. CREWES Research Report, 1990(2): 112-115
[22] JEFFREY A LARSEN. AVO Inversion by simultaneous P-P and P-S inversion[C].Master Paper,University of Calgary,1999.
[23] HELENE HAFSLUND VEIRE,MAR TIN LANDRO.Simulraneous inversion of PP and PS seismic data[J]. Geophysics,2006,71(3):1-9
[24] CHUAND ONG(RICHARD) XU,ROBERT R.STEWART. Using 3D Multi-component Seismic Dta,Logs and VSP to Interpret a Sand-Shale Oil Reservoir.EAGE 66th Conference&Exhibition,2004,June:7-10
[25] Jeffrey A.Larsen,Gary F.Margrave,Han-xing Lu and Colin C.Potter. Simultaneous P-P and P-S by weighted stacking applied to the Blackfoot 3C-3D survey. CORWES ResearchReport.1998(10):50.1-50.23
[26] CHEN MAOSHAN,ZHAN SHIFAN,WAN ZHONGHONG,and LIU LANFENG. Joint postsrack P- and PS-wave impedance inversion and an example from northern China. ASIA PACIFIC,2009(3): 332-338
[27] Hudson J A. Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks[J].Geophys J Roy Astr Soc, 1981,64:133-150
[28]陈禺页,黄庭芳.岩石物理学.北京:北京大学出版社,2001.69～94
[29]甘利灯.地震岩石物理学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[30]寻浩,董敏煜,牟永光.横向各向同性性介质中AVO.石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(1):45～56
[31]张应波.储层物性参数处理技术应用实例.石油地球物理勘探, 1998,6,33: 370-381
[32]唐建明,AVO纵横波反演.物探化探计算技术,2002,1.
[33]许多,李显贵,刘殊等,合兴场地震资料吸收油气预测研究.物探化探计算技术,2002,2
[34]李显贵,徐天吉,甘其刚.新场气田须家河气藏含气性地震检测研究[J].石油物探,200603,45(2):186~191
[35]马昭军,唐建明. P-SV波反射系数计算方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展, 2007,30(6): 433-439
[36]黄绪德,杨文霞.转换波地震勘探.石油工业出版社, 2008
[37]黄绪德.油气预测与油气藏描述—地震勘探直接找油气.南京:江苏科技出版社, 2003.
[38] Ensley R A. Comparison of P- and S- wave seismic data: A new method for detecting gas reservoir. Geophysics, 1984, 49: 1420-1431
[39] Winterstein D F and Hanten J B. supercritical reflections observed in P- and S- wave data. Geophysics,1985,50: 185-195
[40] Robertson J D, Pritchett W C. Direct hydrocarbon detection using comparative P-wave and S-wave seismic sections. Geophysics, 1985, 50: 383-393
[41] Tatham R H. Shear waves and lithology, in, Dohr, G., Ed., Seismic shear waves Part B: Applications. Geophys. Press, 1985,87-133
[42] Tatham R H and Krug E H. v P vS interptretation, in A. A. Fich, Ed., Developments in geophysical exploration method-6: Elsevier Appl. Publi., 1985,139-188
[43] Alford R M. Shear data in the presence of azimuthal anisotropy. 56th Ann. Internat. Mtg. Expl. Geophys, Expended Abstracts, 1986,476-479
[44] Graves J E and Schneider W A. Investigation ofconverted wave(P-SV) reflection prospecting systems. Presented 49th Ann. Internat. Mtg. Soc. Explor. Geophys, New Orleans; abs., Geophysics,1979, 45, 528,(1,2,8,9)
[45] Harrison M P. Processing of P-SV surface-seismic data: anisotropy, dip moveout, and migration. A dissertation of Doctor of Philosophy,University of Calgary,1992
[46] Stewart R R and Lawton D C. Converted-wave seismic exploration. University of Calgory, Soc. Expl. Geophys., 1998
[47] Grechka V and Tstankin I. PP+PS=SS. Geophysics,2002, 67: 1961-1971
[48] Dag Helland-Hansen, Ingrid Magnus, Atle Edvardsen Seismic inversion for reservoir characterization and well planning in the snorre Field[J]. The Leading Edge, 1997, 16(3): 269-273
[49] Berge T B, Fred Aminzadeh, Paulde Groot, et al. Seismic inversion successfully predictsreservoir, porosity, and gas content in Ibhubesi Field, Orange Basin, South Afria[J]. The Leading Edge,2002, 21(4): 338-348
[50] Satinder Chopra. Integrating coherence cube imaging and seismic inversion[J]. The Leading Edge,2001, 20(4): 354-362
[51] Aki, K., and Richards, P.G., 1980, Quantitative seismology: Theory and methods, Vol. 1: W.H. Freeman and Co
[52] Danbom, S.H., and Domenico, S.N., 1986, Shear-wave exploration: Geophysical Development 1, Soc. Expl.Geophys
[53] Gardner,G.H.F., Gardner, L.W., and Gregory, A.R., 1974, Formation velocity and desity, the diagnostic basic for stratigraphic traps: Geophysics, 39,770-780
[54] Garotta, R., and Granger, P.Y., 1987, Comparison of responses of compressional and converted waveson a gas sand: 57th Ann. Internat. Mtg., Soc. Expl. Geophys., Expanded Abstracts, 627-630
[55] Margrave, G.F. and Foltinek, D.S., 1995, Sythetic P-P and P-SV cross sections: CREWES AnnualResearch Report, Vol. 7
[56] Vestrum, R.W., and Stewart, R.R., 1993, Joint P and P-SV inversion: Application and testing: TheCREWES Research Report, Vol. 5, ch. 13.
[57] Stewart, R.R., 1990, Joint P and P-SV Inversion: The CREWES Research Report, Vol. 3, 112-115.
[58]杨辉,戴世坤,宋海斌,等.综合地球物理联合反演综述[J].地球物理学进展, 2002,17(2): 262-271
[59]宁松华.利用高分辨率地震反演研究薄砂岩储层[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(2): 60-62
[60]张宏,杨春峰,任军战等.叠后地震反演方法联合应用研究[J].石油天然气学报, 2009,31:246-250
[61]冯桓,王兆国,刘财等. P-P波和P-SV波联合AVO反演研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(5): 1556-1559
[62]赵邦六.多分量地震勘探技术理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2007
[63]李来运,蒋加钰.储层横向预测的纵横波联合反演[J].长庆石油物探. 1995, 2, 28-33
[64]范祯祥,郑仙种,范书芯,等.利用地震测井资料联合反演储层物性参数[J].石油地球物理勘探, 1998, 33(1): 38-53
[65]牟永光.储层地球物理学.北京:石油工业出版社,1996.25-50
[66]甘利灯.地震岩石物理学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[67]张应波.储层物性参数处理技术应用实例.石油地球物理勘探, 1998, 6, 33: 370-381
[68]张应波.利用储层物性参数预测油气.中国海上油气, 1999, 3, 1: 55-62
[69]李录明,罗省贤.多波多分量地震勘探原理及数据处理方法.成都:成都科技大学出版社,1997
[70]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社, 1993
[71]韩文功,印兴耀等.地震技术新进展(上).山东东营:中国石油大学, 2006
[72]陆基孟.地震勘探原理(下).山东东营:中国石油大学, 1993
[73]俞寿朋著.高分辨率地震勘探.石油大学出版社, 1993
[74]渥·伊奥马兹.地震数据处理.北京:石油工业出版社, 1993
[75]赵邦六.多分量地震勘探技术理论与实践.北京:石油工业出版社, 2007
[76]李庆忠.多波勘探的难点与展望.青岛:中国海洋大学出版社, 2007