大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择与影响因素研究
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摘要
随着中国经济的快速发展,国民生活水平以及对外开放程度不断提高,中国居民出境旅游已经成为世界国际旅游市场的重要力量。在境外丰富多彩的旅游项目(活动)中,博彩活动逐渐成为吸引国人的重要因素,每年相当规模的游客出境参与赌博活动,而且花销不菲。与此同时,中国周边国家和地区纷纷推行博彩合法化,开设赌场。短短20几年的时间,四周赌场林立,形成严密的“博彩包围圈”,且目标市场直接对准中国客人。基于这样的现实背景,本人选择“大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择与影响因素”作为毕业论文的选题。
本文研究的核心目的旨在了解中国大陆周边国家和地区博彩旅游的发展情况；揭示大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择的特征；识别对大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择有影响的因素以及其影响程度的大小。
为此,本文采用理论描述和定量分析相结合的研究方法。论文首先从理论视角入手,对相关研究成果和基本理论进行梳理和回顾,在此基础上结合专家访谈法设计调研问卷,开展问卷调查；然后,通过描述性统计,归纳和总结大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择的特点,并利用x2检验识别出到访澳港与缅甸两个赌场的博彩旅游者在此表现出的差异性。接着,本文利用因子分析、x2检验、独立样本T检验和均值计算等方法对调查获得的影响因素数据进行处理,得到大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择影响因素的重要性排序及两个博彩群体在此表现的差异等相关结论。最后,根据研究结论向博彩旅游目的地和国家有关部门提出对策建议。
因此,本文研究的意义在于,一方面,为博彩旅游相关理论贡献自己的绵薄之力；另一方面,希望在实践上为国家有关部门制定博彩出境旅游政策以及博彩旅游目的地稳定发展提供一定的参考。
全文共分为六个部分：第一部分,系统概括研究背景、研究意义、研究方法、研究内容以及对国内外相关学术研究状况进行梳理；第二部分,重点介绍中国大陆周边国家和地区博彩旅游的发展状况；第三部分,是对大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择特征的研究,并对到访澳港与缅甸赌场的两个博彩旅游群体进行比较研究。第四部分,探讨大陆居民博彩目的地选择的影响因素,归类出9个公共影响因子,并对到访澳港和缅甸赌场的两个群体进行比较研究。第五部分,归纳总结,并提出相关建议与对策。
With rapid economic development, substantial increase of living standard, as well as more and more degree of openness, outbound travel from Chinese residents has become a major force in the world international travel market. Among these, the gambling overseas has become an important tourism attraction for outbound tourists from China. In fact, the outbound gambling travel is already an undeniable reality in China (Yang, Q.S.,2007). At the same time, casino gambling or riverboat casinos set up in the surrounding countries and regions for Chinese tourists. For example, Russia, South Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore and other countries or regions around China all have issued special legislations to to open gambling to Chinese market, while Chinese government stopping sending tourists to some places dotted as gambling attractions as a temporary measurement. At the same time, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and other Central Asian countries, as northwestern neighbors of China, also have been building casinos, and all casinos take Chinese gamblers as their target market. Another gambling producer could be Taiwan, it is in a process of legalization of gambling in January this year 2009, and the mainland market again is targeted. The project is aimed to find out the distribution of gambling tourism attractions in these countries and regions around the mainland, to reveal the mainland tourists'choice of gambling tourism destination by a survey.
The author sorted out and review the relevant research results and the basic theory, Firstly, Starting from a theoretical perspective. On this basis, the questionnaire survey was designed combined with expert interviews and conducted. And then, the date from survey was processed through some calculation methods, such as factor analysis, x2test, independent samples T test and so on. Lastly, the conclusions were achieved. At the same time, some countermeasures were concerned to gaming destinations and national departments.
This paper is divided into six parts:The first part, the author summarized the research background, research significance, research methods and content, and sorted out the status of the domestic and foreign academic research. The second part discusses the gaming, casino industry and gaming related content. In addition, the composition and performance characteristics of gaming attraction were described. The author highlights the situation of gaming industry development in China's neighboring countries, from the space-time perspective, sort out and analyze the development process of the gaming industry and the spatial distribution pattern of gaming attraction in these countries and regions. The third part, is betting on the characteristics of mainland China residents'gaming tourism destination choice. One of the key text of section, firstly, summarized the status and characteristics of outbound travel and outbound gaming travel in recent years; then, sumed up the types of gambling tourists, travel motives and preferences from the theoretical; Furthermore, through the questionnaire survey, the empirical analysis about gaming tourism destination choice of the mainland residents and a comparative study revealed differences characteristics of the destination choice of two gaming tourism groups visited to Macao, Hong Kong and Myanmar were made by author. The forth part is also one of the key texts to explore the mainland residents'gaming destination choice factors. First, from the theoretical level, summarized the factors influence destination choice of gaming tourists, including both internal factors and external factors; Second, to developed factors questionnaires, and had they be rated by mainland residents participated gaming activities in offshore in accordance with the influence of size on the impact of factors; Third, the obtained data were processed by Factors, classified the nine public impact factor; in this basis, calculated every factors mean to identify the largest gaming destination choice factors; Finally, a comparative study of two groups visited to Macao, Hong Kong and Myanmar casino by independent sample T test were made. The fifth part is a summary, Furthermore, according to the corresponding conclusions and puts forward the relevant proposals and measures to government, business, social and other parties in the practical work and policy development to provide reference.
本文研究的核心目的旨在了解中国大陆周边国家和地区博彩旅游的发展情况；揭示大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择的特征；识别对大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择有影响的因素以及其影响程度的大小。
为此,本文采用理论描述和定量分析相结合的研究方法。论文首先从理论视角入手,对相关研究成果和基本理论进行梳理和回顾,在此基础上结合专家访谈法设计调研问卷,开展问卷调查；然后,通过描述性统计,归纳和总结大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择的特点,并利用x2检验识别出到访澳港与缅甸两个赌场的博彩旅游者在此表现出的差异性。接着,本文利用因子分析、x2检验、独立样本T检验和均值计算等方法对调查获得的影响因素数据进行处理,得到大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择影响因素的重要性排序及两个博彩群体在此表现的差异等相关结论。最后,根据研究结论向博彩旅游目的地和国家有关部门提出对策建议。
因此,本文研究的意义在于,一方面,为博彩旅游相关理论贡献自己的绵薄之力；另一方面,希望在实践上为国家有关部门制定博彩出境旅游政策以及博彩旅游目的地稳定发展提供一定的参考。
全文共分为六个部分：第一部分,系统概括研究背景、研究意义、研究方法、研究内容以及对国内外相关学术研究状况进行梳理；第二部分,重点介绍中国大陆周边国家和地区博彩旅游的发展状况；第三部分,是对大陆居民博彩旅游目的地选择特征的研究,并对到访澳港与缅甸赌场的两个博彩旅游群体进行比较研究。第四部分,探讨大陆居民博彩目的地选择的影响因素,归类出9个公共影响因子,并对到访澳港和缅甸赌场的两个群体进行比较研究。第五部分,归纳总结,并提出相关建议与对策。
With rapid economic development, substantial increase of living standard, as well as more and more degree of openness, outbound travel from Chinese residents has become a major force in the world international travel market. Among these, the gambling overseas has become an important tourism attraction for outbound tourists from China. In fact, the outbound gambling travel is already an undeniable reality in China (Yang, Q.S.,2007). At the same time, casino gambling or riverboat casinos set up in the surrounding countries and regions for Chinese tourists. For example, Russia, South Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore and other countries or regions around China all have issued special legislations to to open gambling to Chinese market, while Chinese government stopping sending tourists to some places dotted as gambling attractions as a temporary measurement. At the same time, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and other Central Asian countries, as northwestern neighbors of China, also have been building casinos, and all casinos take Chinese gamblers as their target market. Another gambling producer could be Taiwan, it is in a process of legalization of gambling in January this year 2009, and the mainland market again is targeted. The project is aimed to find out the distribution of gambling tourism attractions in these countries and regions around the mainland, to reveal the mainland tourists'choice of gambling tourism destination by a survey.
The author sorted out and review the relevant research results and the basic theory, Firstly, Starting from a theoretical perspective. On this basis, the questionnaire survey was designed combined with expert interviews and conducted. And then, the date from survey was processed through some calculation methods, such as factor analysis, x2test, independent samples T test and so on. Lastly, the conclusions were achieved. At the same time, some countermeasures were concerned to gaming destinations and national departments.
This paper is divided into six parts:The first part, the author summarized the research background, research significance, research methods and content, and sorted out the status of the domestic and foreign academic research. The second part discusses the gaming, casino industry and gaming related content. In addition, the composition and performance characteristics of gaming attraction were described. The author highlights the situation of gaming industry development in China's neighboring countries, from the space-time perspective, sort out and analyze the development process of the gaming industry and the spatial distribution pattern of gaming attraction in these countries and regions. The third part, is betting on the characteristics of mainland China residents'gaming tourism destination choice. One of the key text of section, firstly, summarized the status and characteristics of outbound travel and outbound gaming travel in recent years; then, sumed up the types of gambling tourists, travel motives and preferences from the theoretical; Furthermore, through the questionnaire survey, the empirical analysis about gaming tourism destination choice of the mainland residents and a comparative study revealed differences characteristics of the destination choice of two gaming tourism groups visited to Macao, Hong Kong and Myanmar were made by author. The forth part is also one of the key texts to explore the mainland residents'gaming destination choice factors. First, from the theoretical level, summarized the factors influence destination choice of gaming tourists, including both internal factors and external factors; Second, to developed factors questionnaires, and had they be rated by mainland residents participated gaming activities in offshore in accordance with the influence of size on the impact of factors; Third, the obtained data were processed by Factors, classified the nine public impact factor; in this basis, calculated every factors mean to identify the largest gaming destination choice factors; Finally, a comparative study of two groups visited to Macao, Hong Kong and Myanmar casino by independent sample T test were made. The fifth part is a summary, Furthermore, according to the corresponding conclusions and puts forward the relevant proposals and measures to government, business, social and other parties in the practical work and policy development to provide reference.
引文
1 《2008年中国公民出境旅游发展趋势分析与未来预测研究报告》,2008年11月27日,报告在线：http://www.51report.com/research/detail/167625805.html
2 《2009年中国旅游发展分析与预测》,2009年5月20日,中央政府门户网站：http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/ 2009-05/20/content 1320360.htm
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1. 澳门统计暨普查局网站：www.dsec.gov.mo
2. 澳门旅游局网站：www.macautourism.gov.ao
3. 报告在线：www.51report. com/research/detail/167625805.html
4. 中央政府门户网站：www.gov.cn/jrzg/2009-05/20/content_1320360.htm
5. 慧聪网：info.hotel.hc360.com/_2007/03/06090172710.shtml
6. 中国新闻网：www.chinanews.com.cn/hb/news/2009/03-3/01624279.shtml
2 《2009年中国旅游发展分析与预测》,2009年5月20日,中央政府门户网站：http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/ 2009-05/20/content 1320360.htm
3 杨劝松.关注：境外博彩业考验中国出境旅游,2007年3月6日,慧聪网：http://info.hotel.hc360.com/ 2007/03/060901727 10.shtml
4 根据澳门统计暨普查局网站公布的资料整理所得,网址：www.dsec.gov.mo
1 《紫荆杂志：环球博彩业包围中国》,2009年03月30日,中国新闻网：http://www.chinanews.com.cn/hb/news/2009/ 03-3/01624279.shtml
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5 本次搜寻的是时间为2010年1月11日16：00整
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1. 澳门统计暨普查局网站：www.dsec.gov.mo
2. 澳门旅游局网站：www.macautourism.gov.ao
3. 报告在线：www.51report. com/research/detail/167625805.html
4. 中央政府门户网站：www.gov.cn/jrzg/2009-05/20/content_1320360.htm
5. 慧聪网：info.hotel.hc360.com/_2007/03/06090172710.shtml
6. 中国新闻网：www.chinanews.com.cn/hb/news/2009/03-3/01624279.shtml