主动式太阳能采暖间歇运行热负荷特性研究
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摘要
随着我国经济的不断发展,尤其是在太阳能资源丰富的西部地区,为了保护当地的生态环境和响应国家节约能源的可持续发展政策,太阳能作为绿色能源越来越受到当地人们的重视。为了能够更为高效的利用太阳能,可以在这些地区将主动式太阳能采暖系统和间歇运行的模式相结合来进行研究,在主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行中热负荷特性的研究是一个极其重要的环节,因此对主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行模式有着极其重要的意义。这种二者结合的研究方法国内外尚未有系统的研究,鉴于此,本论文对主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行中热负荷特性的研究做了详细的理论分析及模拟研究。
本文通过对拉萨地区主动太阳能有效集热量以及根据拉萨地区特点提出的四种间歇方案中的建筑热负荷和室内温度进行了模拟计算,通过分析得到四种不同的采暖模式下各个负荷对建筑热负荷的影响,室内热舒适度的情况以及最后得出主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行模式在拉萨地区的可行性和最佳效果的方案,为以后主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行模式在拉萨地区的设计提供依据。
文中首先对采暖建筑热工模型系统和间歇运行供暖模式系统的建立,通过分析得出采暖建筑的被动太阳辐射得热量、通过建筑围护结构的传热量和间歇调节期中蓄热负荷的计算方法；通过这三种热量的耦合来得到主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行热负荷的计算方法；根据拉萨地区的地理特点和室外气象条件,提出了四种不同采暖的方案；利用DeST进行动态模拟,得出四种不同方案的建筑热负荷和室内温度的变化规律,再用Origin进行数据的曲线拟合处理,通过结合理论部分的分析对比,得出有效太阳能集热量、建筑热负荷的变化情况、各部分热量对建筑热负荷的影响、室内舒适度的变化情况以及方案的可行性和最佳方案。
该研究不仅有节能方面的技术意义,更有实际的工程意义,该结论对太阳能采暖设计具有重要的参考价值。
With the development of economy in our country, especially in the west area where solar energy is abundant, solar energy, as a green resource, has drawn more and more attention, because of protection of the local environment and the response of the sustainable development of national energy policy. To use the solar energy more efficient, we can study the solar heating system by combining the active solar heating system with intermittent operating mode. So the study on the characteristic of heating load intermittent operating mode of active solar heating system is a very important link, which has significant meaning to the heating operating mode of active solar heating system. The method of the combination of them has not yet appeared abroad, in view of this, the paper gives detailed theory analysis and simulation studies on the characteristic of heating load of intermittent operating mode of active solar heating system.
Based on the effective collection of heat drawn by the active solar energy system in Lhasa and four kinds of the intermittent modes operated according to the local characteristics, this paper calculated the heating load and the indoor temperature, and then got four kinds of situation of different heating modes to architectural heat load, the indoor thermal comfort and at last obtained the feasibility and the best plan of the intermittent operation mode of active solar energy heating system in Lhasa, and provide a basis to design the intermittent operation mode of active solar energy heating system.
The paper firstly made a model of heating building's thermal system and intermittent operation system, through the analysis, the heat of the passive solar radiation, the heat through the building palisade structure, the storage load in the intermittent adjustment period are derived. By coupling these three forms of heat, the method to calculate the heat load of the intermittent operation mode of active solar energy heating system is got. According to the geographical characteristics and meteorological conditions in LHASA, four kinds of heating schemes are proposed. With the help of DeST, the evolution of
heating load and indoor temperature in four schemes are obtained. After processing the data by Origin, the change of solar heat, heating load of buildings, the influence of each part load on the heating load of buildings, change of indoor comfort and the feasibility of the scheme are derived.
This study is not only significant in energy-saving, but also useful in engineering. The conclusion has important value in the design of solar heating system, and provides a basis for designing the solar heating regenerative system.
本文通过对拉萨地区主动太阳能有效集热量以及根据拉萨地区特点提出的四种间歇方案中的建筑热负荷和室内温度进行了模拟计算,通过分析得到四种不同的采暖模式下各个负荷对建筑热负荷的影响,室内热舒适度的情况以及最后得出主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行模式在拉萨地区的可行性和最佳效果的方案,为以后主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行模式在拉萨地区的设计提供依据。
文中首先对采暖建筑热工模型系统和间歇运行供暖模式系统的建立,通过分析得出采暖建筑的被动太阳辐射得热量、通过建筑围护结构的传热量和间歇调节期中蓄热负荷的计算方法；通过这三种热量的耦合来得到主动式太阳能间歇采暖运行热负荷的计算方法；根据拉萨地区的地理特点和室外气象条件,提出了四种不同采暖的方案；利用DeST进行动态模拟,得出四种不同方案的建筑热负荷和室内温度的变化规律,再用Origin进行数据的曲线拟合处理,通过结合理论部分的分析对比,得出有效太阳能集热量、建筑热负荷的变化情况、各部分热量对建筑热负荷的影响、室内舒适度的变化情况以及方案的可行性和最佳方案。
该研究不仅有节能方面的技术意义,更有实际的工程意义,该结论对太阳能采暖设计具有重要的参考价值。
With the development of economy in our country, especially in the west area where solar energy is abundant, solar energy, as a green resource, has drawn more and more attention, because of protection of the local environment and the response of the sustainable development of national energy policy. To use the solar energy more efficient, we can study the solar heating system by combining the active solar heating system with intermittent operating mode. So the study on the characteristic of heating load intermittent operating mode of active solar heating system is a very important link, which has significant meaning to the heating operating mode of active solar heating system. The method of the combination of them has not yet appeared abroad, in view of this, the paper gives detailed theory analysis and simulation studies on the characteristic of heating load of intermittent operating mode of active solar heating system.
Based on the effective collection of heat drawn by the active solar energy system in Lhasa and four kinds of the intermittent modes operated according to the local characteristics, this paper calculated the heating load and the indoor temperature, and then got four kinds of situation of different heating modes to architectural heat load, the indoor thermal comfort and at last obtained the feasibility and the best plan of the intermittent operation mode of active solar energy heating system in Lhasa, and provide a basis to design the intermittent operation mode of active solar energy heating system.
The paper firstly made a model of heating building's thermal system and intermittent operation system, through the analysis, the heat of the passive solar radiation, the heat through the building palisade structure, the storage load in the intermittent adjustment period are derived. By coupling these three forms of heat, the method to calculate the heat load of the intermittent operation mode of active solar energy heating system is got. According to the geographical characteristics and meteorological conditions in LHASA, four kinds of heating schemes are proposed. With the help of DeST, the evolution of
heating load and indoor temperature in four schemes are obtained. After processing the data by Origin, the change of solar heat, heating load of buildings, the influence of each part load on the heating load of buildings, change of indoor comfort and the feasibility of the scheme are derived.
This study is not only significant in energy-saving, but also useful in engineering. The conclusion has important value in the design of solar heating system, and provides a basis for designing the solar heating regenerative system.
引文
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[3]清华大学建筑节能研究中心.中国建筑节能年度发展研究报告[M].中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[4]刘爽.太阳能资源利用与太阳能建筑发展[J].科技成果纵横,2007,(6)：39-40.
[5]李锦堂.太阳能利用100年.太阳能1999／04.2-4.
[6]徐伟,邹瑜.供暖系统温控与热计量技术.中国计划出版社,2000
[7]黄志刚.住宅小区间歇供暖的实测与研究[J].沈阳建筑工程学院学报,1990,6(4)：64～68.
[8]官燕玲,田安民,刘宁.西安某小区供热系统间歇运行供暖房间热环境分析[J].西北建筑工程学院学报(自然科学版),2001,18(4)：170～174.
[9]刘艳峰,刘加平.低温热水地板辐射供暖间歇运行研究[J].节能技术,2004,123(22)：5～6.
[10]李兆坚,江亿,燕达.住宅间歇供暖模拟分析[J].暖通空调,2005,35(8)：110～113.
[11]周恩泽,董华,涂爱民.太阳能—热泵地板辐射供暖系统间歇运行模式的数值研究[J].流体机械,2005,33(8)：58～62.
[12]孙培良.连续采暖与间歇采暖的对比分析[J].低温建筑技术,2006,111(3)：124～125.
[13]许景峰,丁小中,王鹏.间歇采暖条件下建筑围护结构热工性能评价研究[J].建筑节能,2007,35(6)：17～21.
[14]牛润卓,邓启红.低温地板辐射采暖预见性间歇运行特性的研究[J].建筑热能通风空调,2008,27(3)：10～13.
[15]国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所.中国可再生能源市场与政策.2007(8).
[16]方荣生,项立成等.太阳能应用技术[M].北京：中国农业机械出版社,1985.
[17]张鹤飞.太阳能利用原理与计算机模拟[M].西安：西北工业大学出版社,2004.
[18]田琦.U型管式全玻璃真空管集热热效率及性能研究[J].能源工程.2006(6)：36-40
[19]李元哲.被动式太阳房热工设计手册[M].清华大学出版社,1993.
[20]彦启森,赵庆珠.建筑热过程[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1986.
[21]马继涌,张伟华,朱荣利.间歇采暖与间歇调节经济性分析方法.应用能源技术,1995(1)：17-21
[22]D. P. Bloomfield, D. J. Fisk. The optimization of intermittent heating for variable efficiency heating systems. Energy and Buildings,1981,3(4):295-301
[23]Fraisse G, Virgone J, Brau J. An analysis of the performance of different intermittent heating controllers and an evaluation of comfort and energy consumption. HVAC & R Research,1997,
3(4):369-86
[24]P.T. Tsilingiris. Wall heat loss from intermittently conditioned spaces—The dynamic influence of structural and operational parameters. Energy and Buildings,2006,38(3):1022-1031
[25]赵志安,单寄平.公楼类型空调建筑物间歇空调设计负荷的简化计算法.1990,20(2)：3-8
[26]赵冰,王志峰,等.两种太阳集热器的热性能对比分析.可再生能源,2006.3(127)
[27]田琦.U型管式全玻璃真空管集热器热效率及性能研究.能源工程,2006.6
[28]P H.P.Garg. Rani, U. theoretical and experimental studies on collector/storage type solar water heater. Solar energy,1982,29, P469
[29]Argiriou, A.A,Balaras, CA, Kontoyiannidis, S,Michel, E, Numerical simulation and performance assessment of a low capacity solar assisted absorption heat pump coupled with a sub-floor system, Solar Energy Volume:79, Issue:3, September,2005, pp.290-301
[30]Viorel Badescu, Mihail Dan Staicovici,Renewable energy for passive house heating:Model of the active solar heating system. Energy and buildings,38:P129-141,2006
[31]宋秋,孙波.太阳能低温热水地板辐射供暖系统的研究.能源工程,2002.(1)19-21
[32]旷玉辉,于立强.太阳能热泵供热系统的实验研究.太阳能学报,2002.23(4)408-413
[33]朱敦智,芦潮,刘君.太阳能采暖及系统设计.建筑热能通风空调,2002.26(2)51-54
[34]Tsilingiris, P.T. Design and performance of large low-cost solar water heating systems. Renewable Energy Volume:9, Issue:1-4, September 12,1996, pp.617-621
[35]茅靳丰,窦文平,韩旭.高原严寒地区观察哨楼连续式太阳能供暖系统.解放军理工大学学报：自然科学版,2005.6(1)63-66
[36]熊安华,代彦军.西藏地区太阳能低温热水采暖系统研究.建筑热能通风空调,2002.27(2)56-58
[37]王磊,程建国,徐志浩,余南阳.西藏太阳能与水源热泵联合供暖系统优化.暖通空调,2007.37(11)90-94
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