智能井下分站的研究与实现
|
摘要
井下分站是煤矿井下安全监控模块与井上安全监控中心之间的传输枢纽,负责井下与中心站之间的数据采集与通讯。分站能否有效工作决定了煤矿安全监控系统能否顺利实现,在煤矿安全监测中发挥着重要的作用。
本课题来源于山东省信息产业厅项目“煤矿安全自动检测、监控及管理系统”。该系统以现有比较成熟、实用、可靠的检测设备为主体,进一步开发和完善矿用防爆工业以太网交换机和井下智能监控分站等关键设备,开发和完善综合信息管理系统,实现煤矿安全管理信息系统的综合智能化辅助决策功能和综合性自动化控制。
本文设计的隔爆兼本安电源输出电压为18V,共有六路本安输出可供分站以及各种传感器使用。
本文设计的井下智能分站作为“煤矿安全自动检测、监控及管理系统”的一个重要的组成部分,以ARM微控制器为核心,以实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ为平台,采用UDP协议实现了分站的网络通信功能,很好的解决了当前煤矿企业安全监控系统通信协议不一致的问题。
在硬件方面,严格按照《煤矿安全监控系统通用技术要求》完成了监控分站的总体硬件设计,并通过驱动网卡芯片RTL8019AS实现了以太网连接。选用PHILIPS公司的32位ARM芯片LPC2214作为分站的主控芯片,它具有16KB的静态RAM和256KB的高速FLASH,包含8路10位A/D,还有多个串行接口,可使用的GPIO高达76个(使用了外部存储器),很好了满足了分站外接传感器的多样化要求。在人机接口方面,系统扩展了LED数码管显示和红外遥控键盘。在通信方面,采用UDP协议与中心站进行通信,将各种传感器数据实时传送到中心站进行复杂的逻辑运算处理,并能够接收中心站下发的各种控制命令和配置。
在软件方面,介绍了嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的移植过程,并在此基础上分析了TCP/IP协议栈的实现;制定了统一的数据交换格式;通信过程中采用了标准的UDP协议;详细介绍了几个主要程序模块的编程思路,如LED显示、外部输入频率信号的测量及数据存储等,并给出了在实际编程过程中遇到的问题以及调试的方法。
本监控分站具有8路A/D数据采集;8路数字量输入;8路控制量输出对外部设备进行远程管理和控制;人机接口提供人机交互界面,提供按键操作和实时数据显示;RS485通信接口负责扩展开关量传感器;网络通信接口负责为各种监测监控系统提供兼容的接入接口;非易失性铁电存储器作为数据存储区以保证掉电后存储数据不丢失。
Coal mine substation is the transmission hub between the safety monitoring module under the mine and the safety monitoring Centre above the mine. It takes charge of data collection and communication between the safety monitoring module and the safety monitoring Centre. It's determined by data collection substation that weather the coal mine safety monitoring can work efficiently. And the substation plays an important role in the coal mine safety monitoring.
This thesis originates from the project "The coal mine safety monitoring and management system". The system will not only develop and perfect some key equipment, such as the explosion-proof industrial Ethernet Switch, underground intelligent control substation, and so on, but also perfect the integrated information management system. So as to lead the system to realize the function of intelligent aided decision-making and automation control.
In this paper, we design a Flameproof and Intrinsic safety power supply, its output voltage is 18V and it has a total of six output channels for the use of substation and all kinds of transducer.
As an important part of the coal mine safety supervision and management system, a network substation based on ARM microprocessor is designed in thesis which can be used underground. This substation regards the real-time operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱas operating platform, realizes the communication with ground computer via embedded UDP protocol. This substation removes the disaccords among different underground substations.
In the hardware, according to the "General technical requirements of coal mine safety supervision", the thesis completes software and hardware designs of the substation. And the Ethernet connecting is realized by RTL8019AS in hardware. ARM microprocessor LPC2214 which has 16KB on-chip Static RAM, 256KB on-chip high speed Flash Program Memory is used as the master control chip in the substation. In addition, the LPC2214 microcontroller has 8-channel 10-bit A/D converter with conversion time as low as 2.44μs, multiple serial interfaces and up to 76 general purpose I/O pins (with external memory). It goes without saying that it is particularly suitable for industrial control. With a wide range of serial communications interfaces, it is also very well suited for communication gateways as well as other general-purpose applications. The substation has the man-machine conversation interface of LED Displaying and infrared remote Key-press. It can communicate with the ground computer via UDP protocol. A more complex algorithm is realized by the ground computer.
In the software, the embedded operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱis transplanted to the LPC2214 base on which the TCP/IP protocol stack is realized. Data format of exchange is established. And UDP protocol is used to communication between the underground substation and ground computer. At last the thesis introduces the thinking in program of several program modules in tail, such as the module of LED displaying, the pulse signal with a defined frequency counting and data storing, etc. At the same time, the solution of some problems in the practical programming and method of debugging are put forward.
The substation has eight A/D data collecting, eight digital inputs, eight digital outputs, man-machine conversation interface, RS485 interface, and internet communication interface. The noticeable point is that all parameters collected can be protected well when they are in the state of power breakdown. The substation has not only realized the functions of data collecting, key-press processing, LED displaying, but also realized bidirectional communicate with ground computer.
本课题来源于山东省信息产业厅项目“煤矿安全自动检测、监控及管理系统”。该系统以现有比较成熟、实用、可靠的检测设备为主体,进一步开发和完善矿用防爆工业以太网交换机和井下智能监控分站等关键设备,开发和完善综合信息管理系统,实现煤矿安全管理信息系统的综合智能化辅助决策功能和综合性自动化控制。
本文设计的隔爆兼本安电源输出电压为18V,共有六路本安输出可供分站以及各种传感器使用。
本文设计的井下智能分站作为“煤矿安全自动检测、监控及管理系统”的一个重要的组成部分,以ARM微控制器为核心,以实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ为平台,采用UDP协议实现了分站的网络通信功能,很好的解决了当前煤矿企业安全监控系统通信协议不一致的问题。
在硬件方面,严格按照《煤矿安全监控系统通用技术要求》完成了监控分站的总体硬件设计,并通过驱动网卡芯片RTL8019AS实现了以太网连接。选用PHILIPS公司的32位ARM芯片LPC2214作为分站的主控芯片,它具有16KB的静态RAM和256KB的高速FLASH,包含8路10位A/D,还有多个串行接口,可使用的GPIO高达76个(使用了外部存储器),很好了满足了分站外接传感器的多样化要求。在人机接口方面,系统扩展了LED数码管显示和红外遥控键盘。在通信方面,采用UDP协议与中心站进行通信,将各种传感器数据实时传送到中心站进行复杂的逻辑运算处理,并能够接收中心站下发的各种控制命令和配置。
在软件方面,介绍了嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的移植过程,并在此基础上分析了TCP/IP协议栈的实现;制定了统一的数据交换格式;通信过程中采用了标准的UDP协议;详细介绍了几个主要程序模块的编程思路,如LED显示、外部输入频率信号的测量及数据存储等,并给出了在实际编程过程中遇到的问题以及调试的方法。
本监控分站具有8路A/D数据采集;8路数字量输入;8路控制量输出对外部设备进行远程管理和控制;人机接口提供人机交互界面,提供按键操作和实时数据显示;RS485通信接口负责扩展开关量传感器;网络通信接口负责为各种监测监控系统提供兼容的接入接口;非易失性铁电存储器作为数据存储区以保证掉电后存储数据不丢失。
Coal mine substation is the transmission hub between the safety monitoring module under the mine and the safety monitoring Centre above the mine. It takes charge of data collection and communication between the safety monitoring module and the safety monitoring Centre. It's determined by data collection substation that weather the coal mine safety monitoring can work efficiently. And the substation plays an important role in the coal mine safety monitoring.
This thesis originates from the project "The coal mine safety monitoring and management system". The system will not only develop and perfect some key equipment, such as the explosion-proof industrial Ethernet Switch, underground intelligent control substation, and so on, but also perfect the integrated information management system. So as to lead the system to realize the function of intelligent aided decision-making and automation control.
In this paper, we design a Flameproof and Intrinsic safety power supply, its output voltage is 18V and it has a total of six output channels for the use of substation and all kinds of transducer.
As an important part of the coal mine safety supervision and management system, a network substation based on ARM microprocessor is designed in thesis which can be used underground. This substation regards the real-time operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱas operating platform, realizes the communication with ground computer via embedded UDP protocol. This substation removes the disaccords among different underground substations.
In the hardware, according to the "General technical requirements of coal mine safety supervision", the thesis completes software and hardware designs of the substation. And the Ethernet connecting is realized by RTL8019AS in hardware. ARM microprocessor LPC2214 which has 16KB on-chip Static RAM, 256KB on-chip high speed Flash Program Memory is used as the master control chip in the substation. In addition, the LPC2214 microcontroller has 8-channel 10-bit A/D converter with conversion time as low as 2.44μs, multiple serial interfaces and up to 76 general purpose I/O pins (with external memory). It goes without saying that it is particularly suitable for industrial control. With a wide range of serial communications interfaces, it is also very well suited for communication gateways as well as other general-purpose applications. The substation has the man-machine conversation interface of LED Displaying and infrared remote Key-press. It can communicate with the ground computer via UDP protocol. A more complex algorithm is realized by the ground computer.
In the software, the embedded operating systemμC/OS-Ⅱis transplanted to the LPC2214 base on which the TCP/IP protocol stack is realized. Data format of exchange is established. And UDP protocol is used to communication between the underground substation and ground computer. At last the thesis introduces the thinking in program of several program modules in tail, such as the module of LED displaying, the pulse signal with a defined frequency counting and data storing, etc. At the same time, the solution of some problems in the practical programming and method of debugging are put forward.
The substation has eight A/D data collecting, eight digital inputs, eight digital outputs, man-machine conversation interface, RS485 interface, and internet communication interface. The noticeable point is that all parameters collected can be protected well when they are in the state of power breakdown. The substation has not only realized the functions of data collecting, key-press processing, LED displaying, but also realized bidirectional communicate with ground computer.
引文
[1]曹新.中国能源发展战略与石油安全对策研究.经济研究参考,2005(57):2-15
[2]中华人民共和国国家安全生产监督管理总局.煤矿安全生产“十一五”规划(草案).2006.4.
[3]张永红.煤矿安全监测监控系统的研究.煤矿机械,2004(4):31-32
[4]杨世兴.煤矿监测监控系统的现状与发展.安防科技,2004(5):39-41
[5]韩宁,燕飞,杜广微.基于ARM的嵌入式煤矿安全生产监控终端.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(6):168-171
[6]刘淑琴,李淑平.KJ4煤矿安全监测系统的应用.山西焦煤科技,2003(3):18-21
[7]刘淑琴.KJ66煤矿安全监测监控系统的应用.科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(8):309-310
[8]张红霞.KJ-90型煤矿综合监控系统在屯兰矿的应用.科技情报开发与经济,2003,13(8):265-266
[9]贺佩云,张相田,魏晓娟.KJ-92监测监控系统在王庄煤矿的应用,煤矿安全,2001(7):31-32
[10]史友仁.新型煤矿综合监控系统.煤矿自动化,2001(4):1-3
[11]STMicroelectronics,2.5A POWER SWITCHING REGULATOR,L4960,2000
[12]1.2V TO 37V VOLTAGE REGULATOR LM317,STMicroelectronics,1999
[13]Jean J.Labrosse 著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.6
[14]Douglas Meyer,George Zobrist.TCP/IP versus OSI.IEEE Potentials,1990,9(1):16-19
[15]Philips Semiconductors.LPC2212/LPC2214 16/32-bit ARM microcontrollers.128/256 kB ISP/IAP Flash with 10-bit ADC and external memory interface.Rev.02-23 December,2004
[16]杜春雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程.清华大学出版社,2003.2
[17]256K x 16 HIGH SPEED ASYNCHRONOUS CMOS STATIC RAM WITH 3.3V SUPPLY.Integrated Silicon Solution,Inc.-www.issi.com-Rev.A,02/21/03
[18]200KHz,1A High-Voltage Step-Down Switching Regulator ADP3050.Analog Devices,Inc.,2000
[19]SPX1117 800mA Low Dropout Voltage Regulator.Sipex Corporation.2004
[20]MAX708R/S/T 3V microprocessor supervisor circuit with power fail comparator and manual reset.Philips Semiconductors,Product data,Supersedes data of 20 Jun 2002
[21]REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO.,LTD.RTL8019AS Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function(RealPNP)
[22]李锋,王广君.基于以太网的测控总线.现代计算机,2003(1):48-50
[23]广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.ZLG/IP嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈简要说明
[24]MAX7219CNG datasheet,Rev 1.0 Maxim Integrated Products,INC
[25]AN48-MSP430与FM25L256铁电存储器SPI接口原理与实现1.1.http://www.430diy.com/technical.htm,2005.9
[26]Data Manual.Ramtron International Corporation Inc,Rev.2.0,Apri.2005
[27]王田苗主编.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发-基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统(第2版).清华大学出版社,2003.10
[28]马洪连,丁男,李屹璐编著.嵌入式系统设计教程.电子工业出版社,2006.6
[29]Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.6
[30]Labrosse,J.J.著,邵贝贝译.μC/OS-Ⅱ--源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统.中国电力出版社,2001.8
[31]李代平.Oracle 9i应用系统开发技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2004.
[32]袁福庆.Oracle数据库管理与维护手册[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.
[33]于京.TCP/IP教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999.
[34]施壮.基于ARM微处理器的嵌入式TCP/IP协议的实现[D].华北电力大学(保定),2004.12
[35]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例(一).北京航天航空大学出版社,2004.12
[36]Blank,A.G.著,和敬,时年译.TCP/IP JumpStart.电子工业出版社,2001.1
[37]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统基础教程.北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[38]黄国瑜,叶乃菁编著.数据结构(C语言版).清华大学出版社,2001
[39]广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.LPC2000系列FAQ,http://www.zlgmcu.com
[40]W.Richard Stevens 著,范建华等译.TCP/IP详解,卷1:协议.机械工业出版社,2000.12
[2]中华人民共和国国家安全生产监督管理总局.煤矿安全生产“十一五”规划(草案).2006.4.
[3]张永红.煤矿安全监测监控系统的研究.煤矿机械,2004(4):31-32
[4]杨世兴.煤矿监测监控系统的现状与发展.安防科技,2004(5):39-41
[5]韩宁,燕飞,杜广微.基于ARM的嵌入式煤矿安全生产监控终端.辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(6):168-171
[6]刘淑琴,李淑平.KJ4煤矿安全监测系统的应用.山西焦煤科技,2003(3):18-21
[7]刘淑琴.KJ66煤矿安全监测监控系统的应用.科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(8):309-310
[8]张红霞.KJ-90型煤矿综合监控系统在屯兰矿的应用.科技情报开发与经济,2003,13(8):265-266
[9]贺佩云,张相田,魏晓娟.KJ-92监测监控系统在王庄煤矿的应用,煤矿安全,2001(7):31-32
[10]史友仁.新型煤矿综合监控系统.煤矿自动化,2001(4):1-3
[11]STMicroelectronics,2.5A POWER SWITCHING REGULATOR,L4960,2000
[12]1.2V TO 37V VOLTAGE REGULATOR LM317,STMicroelectronics,1999
[13]Jean J.Labrosse 著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.6
[14]Douglas Meyer,George Zobrist.TCP/IP versus OSI.IEEE Potentials,1990,9(1):16-19
[15]Philips Semiconductors.LPC2212/LPC2214 16/32-bit ARM microcontrollers.128/256 kB ISP/IAP Flash with 10-bit ADC and external memory interface.Rev.02-23 December,2004
[16]杜春雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程.清华大学出版社,2003.2
[17]256K x 16 HIGH SPEED ASYNCHRONOUS CMOS STATIC RAM WITH 3.3V SUPPLY.Integrated Silicon Solution,Inc.-www.issi.com-Rev.A,02/21/03
[18]200KHz,1A High-Voltage Step-Down Switching Regulator ADP3050.Analog Devices,Inc.,2000
[19]SPX1117 800mA Low Dropout Voltage Regulator.Sipex Corporation.2004
[20]MAX708R/S/T 3V microprocessor supervisor circuit with power fail comparator and manual reset.Philips Semiconductors,Product data,Supersedes data of 20 Jun 2002
[21]REALTEK SEMI-CONDUCTOR CO.,LTD.RTL8019AS Realtek Full-Duplex Ethernet Controller with Plug and Play Function(RealPNP)
[22]李锋,王广君.基于以太网的测控总线.现代计算机,2003(1):48-50
[23]广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.ZLG/IP嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈简要说明
[24]MAX7219CNG datasheet,Rev 1.0 Maxim Integrated Products,INC
[25]AN48-MSP430与FM25L256铁电存储器SPI接口原理与实现1.1.http://www.430diy.com/technical.htm,2005.9
[26]Data Manual.Ramtron International Corporation Inc,Rev.2.0,Apri.2005
[27]王田苗主编.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发-基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统(第2版).清华大学出版社,2003.10
[28]马洪连,丁男,李屹璐编著.嵌入式系统设计教程.电子工业出版社,2006.6
[29]Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第二版).北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.6
[30]Labrosse,J.J.著,邵贝贝译.μC/OS-Ⅱ--源码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统.中国电力出版社,2001.8
[31]李代平.Oracle 9i应用系统开发技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2004.
[32]袁福庆.Oracle数据库管理与维护手册[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.
[33]于京.TCP/IP教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999.
[34]施壮.基于ARM微处理器的嵌入式TCP/IP协议的实现[D].华北电力大学(保定),2004.12
[35]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例(一).北京航天航空大学出版社,2004.12
[36]Blank,A.G.著,和敬,时年译.TCP/IP JumpStart.电子工业出版社,2001.1
[37]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统基础教程.北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[38]黄国瑜,叶乃菁编著.数据结构(C语言版).清华大学出版社,2001
[39]广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.LPC2000系列FAQ,http://www.zlgmcu.com
[40]W.Richard Stevens 著,范建华等译.TCP/IP详解,卷1:协议.机械工业出版社,2000.12