松辽盆地北部西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气藏形成机理研究
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摘要
本文在充分借鉴前人研究成果的基础上，综合利用地震、测井、录井、岩心及分析化验和测试资料，采用构造地质学、层序地层学、沉积学、石油地质学、成藏动力学等多学科的最新理论和方法，对西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气成藏条件进行了全面系统的研究，通过西斜坡区萨二、三油层典型油气藏解剖和油气运聚机理及过程分析，搞清了其油气成藏与分布的主控因素、期次和模式，进而预测有利勘探区带。
通过西斜坡区构造及其演化特征研究，得到西斜坡区构造面貌简单，总体为东倾的单斜，各反射层构造平面图反映出斜坡的坡度自下而上具有逐渐减小的趋势；构造演化可以分为裂陷阶段、沉陷阶段和萎缩平衡3个阶段。断裂总体不发育，主要类型为后裂谷期伸展断层、反转走滑断层、反转张性断层。通过层序地层学研究建立了西部斜坡区三级、四级层序格架、相标志以及沉积模式，得到三级层序SQy1-2为三角洲和滨浅湖沉积，其中水进域分布范围较小，以三角洲占主体，三级层序SQy3主要发育水进域，为三角洲和滨浅湖砂坝、滨浅湖砂泥混合滩及下切水道充填共存的沉积格局，姚家组沉积早期，湖岸线在西部斜坡东部边缘波动，物源供应相对较强．沉积相以三角洲相对优势，姚家组沉积晚期，湖岸线向西大规模推进，形成独具特色的三角洲—下切水道充填—砂质滩坝沉积相分布格局。通过典型油气藏解剖得到西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气藏主要有背斜、岩性上倾尖灭、构造—岩性、断层遮挡4种类型油气减，同一油层气在上油在下，油气在平面上主要分布在泰康隆起带及其附近，泰康隆起带以背斜和构造—岩性油气藏为主，西部超覆带以不整合和岩性上倾尖灭油气藏为主。通过油源对比得到西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气主要来自齐家—古龙凹陷的青山口组，齐家—古龙凹陷生成的油气主要是通过被断裂沟通的砂体向西斜坡区侧向运移，由BasinMod盆地模拟软件模拟油气西运主要有3条优势运移路径，第1条优势运移路径为油气从齐家凹陷经泰康至富拉尔基的运移路径；第2条优势运移路径是油气从古龙凹陷经白音诺勒至二站和阿拉新的运移路径；第3条优势运移路径是从古龙凹陷经巴彦查干至泰来的运移路径。西斜坡区萨二、三油层砂体输导天然气能力评价表明，西斜坡区萨二、三油层砂体输导天然气能力除富拉尔基以西附近相对较低外，其余大部分地区相对较高，可达到较好和好的级别，有利于天然气向西斜坡区运移和聚集。根据西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气分布与油气成藏条件关系综合分析得到，西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气成藏与分布主要受圈闭发育、圈闭与油气运移路径空间位置关系、向心流与离心流交汇区等因素的控制，油气成藏时期除嫩江组沉积末期，还有明水组沉积末期—古近纪初期。西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气运聚成藏主要有砂岩上倾尖灭圈闭油气运聚成藏、构造及构造—岩性圈闭油气运聚成藏、断层遮挡圈闭油气运聚成藏3种模式。根据西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气成藏与分布主控因素的综合分析对成藏与分布的有利区进行了预测，结果表明泰康隆起带及其附近应是西斜坡区油气萨二、三油层成藏与分布的有利地区，杜405井砂岩上倾尖灭圈闭应是其下一步油气钻探的有利靶区。
Based on predecessor's research results, formation condition of oil-gas reservoirs of S_(2+3) oil layer in westslope region was comprehensively and systematicaly studied, through using comprehensively seismics,logging, well logging, core, analysis assay data and paleontology data and adopting the latest theories andtechniques and methods of structural geology, sequence stratigraphy, sedimentography, petroleum geology,and oil-gas accumulation dynamics, etc. Main controlled factors, periods and models of oil-gasaccumulation and distribution were identified, favorable exploration areas were forecasted, throughdissecting typical oil-gas reservoirs and analyzing oil-gas accumulation mechanism and process.
Structural features of west slope region is simply by the study of structural and evolution characteritics inwest slope region, it is eastern slope unicline, structural plane map of each reflection interface express thatslope gradual decrease one by one from bottom to top. Structural evolution can be divided into three stagesof chiasmic, depressed and abortion equilibrium. Fault generally doesn't develop, main types are fault ofpost rift extend, fault of reverse-strike, fault of reverse-extension. Three-stage sequences and four-stagesequence framework, facies signs and sedimentation models were established by the study of sequencestratigraphy, the result shows that three-stage SQy_(1-2) sequence develops delta and shore-mearesedimentation and delta is main, the transgressive system tract of distribution is finer. Three-stage sequenceSQy3 main develops transgressive system tract delta and shore-shallow lacustrine sandbars, shore-shallowlacustrine mixing beaches and eroded channel filling. During the early period of Yaojia formation, thelacustrine bank line waves in east edge of west slope region. Then source supply enough and detlta faciesespredominate. During the late period of Yaojia formation, the lacustrine bank line cosmically pusheswestwords and forms unique concomitant sedimentary pattem of delta-eroded channel filling-sandy beachbars sedimentary facies. Type of oil-gas reservoirs were dissected, the result shows that S_(2+3) oil layer inwest slope region have four types oil-gas reservoirs, anticline, lithotogic updip pithing, structural-lithologic,fault barrier. Gas lies upper but oil lies bottom in the same layer, oil-gas distribute mainly in Taikang upliftzone and nearby in the plane, the types of oil-gas reservoirs are anticline and structural-lithologic inTaikang uplift zone. the types of oil-gas reservoirs are unconformity and lithologic updip piching in thewestearn overlap zone. Oil source are compared, the result shows that oil-gas of S_(2+3) oil layer in west sloperegion come mainly from Qingshankou formation of Qijia-Gulong sag, oil-gas from Qijia-Gulong sagmigrated laterally westword through sandbody that connected by fault, there have three migration pathways,the first migration pathway is that oil-gas migrate from Qijia sag across Taikang to Fulaerji, the secondmigration pathway is from Gulong sag across Baiyinnuole to Erzhan and Alaxin, the third migrationpathway is Gulong sag across Bayanchagan to Tailai. Gas transporting ability of S2+3 oil layer in westslope region is evaluated, the result shows that most area of gas transporting ability is more higher butFulaerji, gas favorable migrate and accumulate to the west slope region. Based on the relationshiphydrocarbon distribution between formation condition of S_(2+3) oil layer in the west slope region, the resultshows that hydrocarbon formation and distribution were mainly controlled by trap development,relationship trap between the room place of oil-gas migration pathway, convergence area of centrifugalflow and endocentric flow, etc. Oil-gas accumulation period is the end of Nenjiang formation sedimentation,Mingshui formation sedimentation and the early of Palaeocene. Migration and formation of hydrocarbonreservoir of S_(2+3) oil layer in the west slope region have three models, migration and formation model ofsand uplift piching trap, migration and formation model of structural and stractural-lithologic trap.migration and formation model of fault barrier trap. Based on synthetical analysis of main controllingfactor of oil-gas accumulation and distribution of S_(2+3) oil layer in west slope region, favorable area wassforecasted, the result shows that uplift zone of Taikang and nearby is favorable area of accumulation anddistribution of S_(2+3) oil layer in west slope region, du405's sand uplift piching trap is favorable target area ofnext oil-gas exploration.
通过西斜坡区构造及其演化特征研究，得到西斜坡区构造面貌简单，总体为东倾的单斜，各反射层构造平面图反映出斜坡的坡度自下而上具有逐渐减小的趋势；构造演化可以分为裂陷阶段、沉陷阶段和萎缩平衡3个阶段。断裂总体不发育，主要类型为后裂谷期伸展断层、反转走滑断层、反转张性断层。通过层序地层学研究建立了西部斜坡区三级、四级层序格架、相标志以及沉积模式，得到三级层序SQy1-2为三角洲和滨浅湖沉积，其中水进域分布范围较小，以三角洲占主体，三级层序SQy3主要发育水进域，为三角洲和滨浅湖砂坝、滨浅湖砂泥混合滩及下切水道充填共存的沉积格局，姚家组沉积早期，湖岸线在西部斜坡东部边缘波动，物源供应相对较强．沉积相以三角洲相对优势，姚家组沉积晚期，湖岸线向西大规模推进，形成独具特色的三角洲—下切水道充填—砂质滩坝沉积相分布格局。通过典型油气藏解剖得到西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气藏主要有背斜、岩性上倾尖灭、构造—岩性、断层遮挡4种类型油气减，同一油层气在上油在下，油气在平面上主要分布在泰康隆起带及其附近，泰康隆起带以背斜和构造—岩性油气藏为主，西部超覆带以不整合和岩性上倾尖灭油气藏为主。通过油源对比得到西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气主要来自齐家—古龙凹陷的青山口组，齐家—古龙凹陷生成的油气主要是通过被断裂沟通的砂体向西斜坡区侧向运移，由BasinMod盆地模拟软件模拟油气西运主要有3条优势运移路径，第1条优势运移路径为油气从齐家凹陷经泰康至富拉尔基的运移路径；第2条优势运移路径是油气从古龙凹陷经白音诺勒至二站和阿拉新的运移路径；第3条优势运移路径是从古龙凹陷经巴彦查干至泰来的运移路径。西斜坡区萨二、三油层砂体输导天然气能力评价表明，西斜坡区萨二、三油层砂体输导天然气能力除富拉尔基以西附近相对较低外，其余大部分地区相对较高，可达到较好和好的级别，有利于天然气向西斜坡区运移和聚集。根据西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气分布与油气成藏条件关系综合分析得到，西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气成藏与分布主要受圈闭发育、圈闭与油气运移路径空间位置关系、向心流与离心流交汇区等因素的控制，油气成藏时期除嫩江组沉积末期，还有明水组沉积末期—古近纪初期。西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气运聚成藏主要有砂岩上倾尖灭圈闭油气运聚成藏、构造及构造—岩性圈闭油气运聚成藏、断层遮挡圈闭油气运聚成藏3种模式。根据西斜坡区萨二、三油层油气成藏与分布主控因素的综合分析对成藏与分布的有利区进行了预测，结果表明泰康隆起带及其附近应是西斜坡区油气萨二、三油层成藏与分布的有利地区，杜405井砂岩上倾尖灭圈闭应是其下一步油气钻探的有利靶区。
Based on predecessor's research results, formation condition of oil-gas reservoirs of S_(2+3) oil layer in westslope region was comprehensively and systematicaly studied, through using comprehensively seismics,logging, well logging, core, analysis assay data and paleontology data and adopting the latest theories andtechniques and methods of structural geology, sequence stratigraphy, sedimentography, petroleum geology,and oil-gas accumulation dynamics, etc. Main controlled factors, periods and models of oil-gasaccumulation and distribution were identified, favorable exploration areas were forecasted, throughdissecting typical oil-gas reservoirs and analyzing oil-gas accumulation mechanism and process.
Structural features of west slope region is simply by the study of structural and evolution characteritics inwest slope region, it is eastern slope unicline, structural plane map of each reflection interface express thatslope gradual decrease one by one from bottom to top. Structural evolution can be divided into three stagesof chiasmic, depressed and abortion equilibrium. Fault generally doesn't develop, main types are fault ofpost rift extend, fault of reverse-strike, fault of reverse-extension. Three-stage sequences and four-stagesequence framework, facies signs and sedimentation models were established by the study of sequencestratigraphy, the result shows that three-stage SQy_(1-2) sequence develops delta and shore-mearesedimentation and delta is main, the transgressive system tract of distribution is finer. Three-stage sequenceSQy3 main develops transgressive system tract delta and shore-shallow lacustrine sandbars, shore-shallowlacustrine mixing beaches and eroded channel filling. During the early period of Yaojia formation, thelacustrine bank line waves in east edge of west slope region. Then source supply enough and detlta faciesespredominate. During the late period of Yaojia formation, the lacustrine bank line cosmically pusheswestwords and forms unique concomitant sedimentary pattem of delta-eroded channel filling-sandy beachbars sedimentary facies. Type of oil-gas reservoirs were dissected, the result shows that S_(2+3) oil layer inwest slope region have four types oil-gas reservoirs, anticline, lithotogic updip pithing, structural-lithologic,fault barrier. Gas lies upper but oil lies bottom in the same layer, oil-gas distribute mainly in Taikang upliftzone and nearby in the plane, the types of oil-gas reservoirs are anticline and structural-lithologic inTaikang uplift zone. the types of oil-gas reservoirs are unconformity and lithologic updip piching in thewestearn overlap zone. Oil source are compared, the result shows that oil-gas of S_(2+3) oil layer in west sloperegion come mainly from Qingshankou formation of Qijia-Gulong sag, oil-gas from Qijia-Gulong sagmigrated laterally westword through sandbody that connected by fault, there have three migration pathways,the first migration pathway is that oil-gas migrate from Qijia sag across Taikang to Fulaerji, the secondmigration pathway is from Gulong sag across Baiyinnuole to Erzhan and Alaxin, the third migrationpathway is Gulong sag across Bayanchagan to Tailai. Gas transporting ability of S2+3 oil layer in westslope region is evaluated, the result shows that most area of gas transporting ability is more higher butFulaerji, gas favorable migrate and accumulate to the west slope region. Based on the relationshiphydrocarbon distribution between formation condition of S_(2+3) oil layer in the west slope region, the resultshows that hydrocarbon formation and distribution were mainly controlled by trap development,relationship trap between the room place of oil-gas migration pathway, convergence area of centrifugalflow and endocentric flow, etc. Oil-gas accumulation period is the end of Nenjiang formation sedimentation,Mingshui formation sedimentation and the early of Palaeocene. Migration and formation of hydrocarbonreservoir of S_(2+3) oil layer in the west slope region have three models, migration and formation model ofsand uplift piching trap, migration and formation model of structural and stractural-lithologic trap.migration and formation model of fault barrier trap. Based on synthetical analysis of main controllingfactor of oil-gas accumulation and distribution of S_(2+3) oil layer in west slope region, favorable area wassforecasted, the result shows that uplift zone of Taikang and nearby is favorable area of accumulation anddistribution of S_(2+3) oil layer in west slope region, du405's sand uplift piching trap is favorable target area ofnext oil-gas exploration.
引文
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