论环境法制对西部工程建设的规制
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摘要
随着我国经济的快速发展,环境问题也日益突显。西部作为我国经济文化相对落后的地区,在西部大开发的进一步深入过程中,加大建设投资力度势在必行。工程建设是促进西部经济发展的重要途径之一,在给西部带来经济效益的同时,也会对西部的生态环境带来诸多不利的影响。我国目前对工程建设环境保护方面的法律法规比较零散且缺乏一定的体系,在西部地区更是显得薄弱。因此,有必要对西部工程建设过程中涉及到的环境法律制度进行系统的研究,以达到西部经济建设与环境保护协调发展的目的。
本文以环境法学为理论基础,结合法理学,工程管理学、建筑学等多门学科中的相关知识进行分析论证。以工程建设的整个流程中涉及的相关法律制度及其实施状况为主线,来研究环境法制对西部工程建设的控制。并从中得出完善西部工程建设环境保护法律制度的建议,为进一步推进西部大开发和实现可持续发展提供参考。
全文共分为四大部分。
第一部分阐述了工程建设与西部环境保护的辩证关系。在肯定了西部发展离不开工程建设的同时,指出工程建设的大量兴建会给西部的生态环境带来不利影响。进而,分析论证了运用环境保护法律制度对西部工程建设进行过程控制的必要性。
第二部分着重分析了西部工程建设环境保护的理论基础。首先是保护环境资源理论,其次是可持续发展的相关理论,最后是环境权的主要内容,并说明西部工程建设环境保护是实现环境权的重要途径。
第三部分是论文的主要部分。这部分介绍了环境法制对西部工程建设的过程控制。首先是工程建设前期的环境保护法律制度主要就是环境影响评价制度和“三同时”制度;其次是工程建设施工过程中的环境污染防治及建设中能源消耗法律制度;最后是竣工后的环境保护验收制度、环境监测制度和环境影响后评价制度。
第四部分针对上述问题,进行思考,并提出相应的法律建议,包括西部工程建设环境保护立法和执法方面的完善,以及环境影响评价制度、公众参与制度和清洁生产在西部工程建设中的运用和完善。
With the rapid economic development of China, environmental issues are highlighted to a large extent. The western region of China, as a relatively backward area in the economic and cultural development of this country, speeding up and expanding the investment in this area is imperative at the result of further progress of western region’s development plan. Engineering construction as the important momentum to promote the economic development of the western area, no one could deny that it brings great benefits to the regional economy, but on the other hand, it has too much negative influence on the ecological environment of this area. Currently, laws and regulations on environmental protection for engineering construction are rather fragmented and the related legal system is incomplete in the country, especially in the western region. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a thorough study on the environmental legal system related to the subject of engineering construction; the study is targeting to improve the effect of environmental protection in the course of economy development.
This essay is prepared based on general theory of Environmental Law, combining the principles of jurisprudence, engineering management, architecture, and other subject. The legal system as well as its implementation involved in the entire process of engineering construction is the main line of the study which the author focuses on, through the study the author makes an analysis of the influence of the legal system on western region’s engineering construction The author endeavors to provide a sound proposal for the environmental protection legal system in the field of engineering construction, to promote this region to achieve its sustainable development plan.
The content of the essay is divided into four parts.
Part One explains the dialectical relationship between the engineering construction and regional environmental protection. The author points out the large number of engineering construction could be adverse to western region’s ecological environment; even the western region’s development is inseparable from engineering construction to some extent. Furthermore, the author analyzes the necessity to conduct process control on engineering construction in this region through the environmental protection legal system.
Part Two focuses on the fundamental theory for environmental protection involved in the course of engineering construction. The first point is the theory about the protection of environmental resources; the second point is the theory of the sustainable development strategy; and the final point is the statement of the environmental right, and also the author demonstrates that environmental protection in the course of engineering construction is an important way to realize the environmental rights.
Part Three is the main body of this essay. This part introduces the process control which the legal system could conduct to the engineering construction. The first point is the pre-construction environmental protection legal system, which is the assessment system of environmental impact as well as the system called "three at the same time"; the second point is the legal system related to the prevention of environmental pollution as well as the management of energy consumption in the course of engineering construction; the final one is the system of environmental monitoring, test and evaluation after engineering construction is finished.
Part Four the author reviews the key issues above and try to present an appropriate legal advice, including how to improve the legislation and legal performance for environmental protection, how to ameliorate the assessment system of environmental impact with public participation, as well as how the clean production could be better applied in the process of western region’s engineering construction.
本文以环境法学为理论基础,结合法理学,工程管理学、建筑学等多门学科中的相关知识进行分析论证。以工程建设的整个流程中涉及的相关法律制度及其实施状况为主线,来研究环境法制对西部工程建设的控制。并从中得出完善西部工程建设环境保护法律制度的建议,为进一步推进西部大开发和实现可持续发展提供参考。
全文共分为四大部分。
第一部分阐述了工程建设与西部环境保护的辩证关系。在肯定了西部发展离不开工程建设的同时,指出工程建设的大量兴建会给西部的生态环境带来不利影响。进而,分析论证了运用环境保护法律制度对西部工程建设进行过程控制的必要性。
第二部分着重分析了西部工程建设环境保护的理论基础。首先是保护环境资源理论,其次是可持续发展的相关理论,最后是环境权的主要内容,并说明西部工程建设环境保护是实现环境权的重要途径。
第三部分是论文的主要部分。这部分介绍了环境法制对西部工程建设的过程控制。首先是工程建设前期的环境保护法律制度主要就是环境影响评价制度和“三同时”制度;其次是工程建设施工过程中的环境污染防治及建设中能源消耗法律制度;最后是竣工后的环境保护验收制度、环境监测制度和环境影响后评价制度。
第四部分针对上述问题,进行思考,并提出相应的法律建议,包括西部工程建设环境保护立法和执法方面的完善,以及环境影响评价制度、公众参与制度和清洁生产在西部工程建设中的运用和完善。
With the rapid economic development of China, environmental issues are highlighted to a large extent. The western region of China, as a relatively backward area in the economic and cultural development of this country, speeding up and expanding the investment in this area is imperative at the result of further progress of western region’s development plan. Engineering construction as the important momentum to promote the economic development of the western area, no one could deny that it brings great benefits to the regional economy, but on the other hand, it has too much negative influence on the ecological environment of this area. Currently, laws and regulations on environmental protection for engineering construction are rather fragmented and the related legal system is incomplete in the country, especially in the western region. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a thorough study on the environmental legal system related to the subject of engineering construction; the study is targeting to improve the effect of environmental protection in the course of economy development.
This essay is prepared based on general theory of Environmental Law, combining the principles of jurisprudence, engineering management, architecture, and other subject. The legal system as well as its implementation involved in the entire process of engineering construction is the main line of the study which the author focuses on, through the study the author makes an analysis of the influence of the legal system on western region’s engineering construction The author endeavors to provide a sound proposal for the environmental protection legal system in the field of engineering construction, to promote this region to achieve its sustainable development plan.
The content of the essay is divided into four parts.
Part One explains the dialectical relationship between the engineering construction and regional environmental protection. The author points out the large number of engineering construction could be adverse to western region’s ecological environment; even the western region’s development is inseparable from engineering construction to some extent. Furthermore, the author analyzes the necessity to conduct process control on engineering construction in this region through the environmental protection legal system.
Part Two focuses on the fundamental theory for environmental protection involved in the course of engineering construction. The first point is the theory about the protection of environmental resources; the second point is the theory of the sustainable development strategy; and the final point is the statement of the environmental right, and also the author demonstrates that environmental protection in the course of engineering construction is an important way to realize the environmental rights.
Part Three is the main body of this essay. This part introduces the process control which the legal system could conduct to the engineering construction. The first point is the pre-construction environmental protection legal system, which is the assessment system of environmental impact as well as the system called "three at the same time"; the second point is the legal system related to the prevention of environmental pollution as well as the management of energy consumption in the course of engineering construction; the final one is the system of environmental monitoring, test and evaluation after engineering construction is finished.
Part Four the author reviews the key issues above and try to present an appropriate legal advice, including how to improve the legislation and legal performance for environmental protection, how to ameliorate the assessment system of environmental impact with public participation, as well as how the clean production could be better applied in the process of western region’s engineering construction.
引文
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