菊苣综合利用与菊粉的纯化及活性研究
摘要
菊苣(Cichorium intybusL.)为菊科多年生草本植物,既可以药用,又可以作为优良饲料作物和高档蔬菜利用,具有重要的生理功能和较高的保健价值。菊苣根内含近70%的菊粉(占干物质重)。菊粉(Inulin)是一种天然存在的果聚糖,具有低聚果糖和膳食纤维的特点。有关菊苣的综合利用、菊粉的纯化及活性研究鲜见文献报道。本文以普那菊苣为试验原材料,对其综合利用、菊粉分离纯化及抗氧化活性进行了较为系统的研究。主要结论如下:
1.通过田间裂区试验,研究刈割处理和收获时间对菊苣根中菊粉含量和产量的影响,确立了菊苣在杨凌地区的综合利用方式:秋季(9～10月)种植,第二年分别于5月中下旬和6月下旬进行2次刈割,利用地上部分,可在10月中旬收获根并提取菊粉。
2.采用柱层析法研究表明,HP2MGL大孔树脂用于菊粉半纯品的进一步脱色除杂效果优越,能够很好的去除酚类物质和蛋白质等大分子杂质。TOYOPEARL DEAE-650M纤维素和TOYOPEARL HW-55F凝胶可以将菊粉进行高效的分离和纯化,得到水洗脱和盐洗脱两个主要组分,得率分别为63.22%和35.90%。经上述方法分离纯化后的菊粉为均一多糖组分,纯度分别达97.44%和97.46%。
3.采用多种方法对菊粉的抗氧化活性进行研究,结果表明,菊粉半纯品及其两个主要多糖组分对超氧阴离子(O_2~-)、羟基自由基(·OH)和二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH·)都有不同程度的清除活性,且随物质浓度的增大呈现上升趋势。菊粉半纯品对3种自由基清除能力强于各主要多糖组分;在主要多糖组分中,水洗脱组分对3种自由基的清除能力均显著高于盐洗脱组分。
Chicory(Cichorium intybusL.)is a kind of perennial herbage of composite.It has been used as food,medicine and forage since ancient times.It has important physiological and health protective value that makes it significant in food industry and medicine field.Chicory has many physiological and sanitarian functions.The dry root of Chicory contains about 70% inulin.Inulin is a kind of natural fructan,which has the characteristics of ligofructose and diet fiber.There is few report on the research of utilization of chicory,purification and activity of inulin.The experiment took the root of chicory as materials to study the utilization of chicory, purification and activity of inulin.
1.The split block experiment was designed to determine the effect of cutting and harvest time on the yield of inulin in chicory root.The optimal mode of utilization for the chicory planted in YangLing was established.Chicory were planted in autumn,cutted respectively in next late May and June,then harvested the roots for inulin in middle October.
2.Enzymolysis was taken to evaluate purification of inulin by HP2MGL macroporous resins.The results showed that it has high efficient ability of purification,especially on remov -ing phenolics and protein.Isolated and purified by the chromatography of TOYOPEARL DEAE-650M,followed by TOYOPEARL HW-55F column,two main compositions of water elution polysaccharide and salt elution polysaccharide were harvested from inulin.The yield of which was 63.22%and 35.90%respectively.They were all homogeneous polysaccharides, the polysaccharide content of them were 97.44%and 97.46%respectively.
3.Several methods were adopted to study the antioxidation of inulin,the conclusions were as follows:inulin and two main polysaccharides of inulin had different capability of removing O_2~-,·OH and DPPH·,which improving with the increasing of concentration of the solution.The radical scavenging activity of inulin was higher than that of main polysaccharid -es;Comparing the radical scavenging activity of water elution polysaccharide and the salt elution polysaccharide,the former was higher.
1.通过田间裂区试验,研究刈割处理和收获时间对菊苣根中菊粉含量和产量的影响,确立了菊苣在杨凌地区的综合利用方式:秋季(9～10月)种植,第二年分别于5月中下旬和6月下旬进行2次刈割,利用地上部分,可在10月中旬收获根并提取菊粉。
2.采用柱层析法研究表明,HP2MGL大孔树脂用于菊粉半纯品的进一步脱色除杂效果优越,能够很好的去除酚类物质和蛋白质等大分子杂质。TOYOPEARL DEAE-650M纤维素和TOYOPEARL HW-55F凝胶可以将菊粉进行高效的分离和纯化,得到水洗脱和盐洗脱两个主要组分,得率分别为63.22%和35.90%。经上述方法分离纯化后的菊粉为均一多糖组分,纯度分别达97.44%和97.46%。
3.采用多种方法对菊粉的抗氧化活性进行研究,结果表明,菊粉半纯品及其两个主要多糖组分对超氧阴离子(O_2~-)、羟基自由基(·OH)和二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH·)都有不同程度的清除活性,且随物质浓度的增大呈现上升趋势。菊粉半纯品对3种自由基清除能力强于各主要多糖组分;在主要多糖组分中,水洗脱组分对3种自由基的清除能力均显著高于盐洗脱组分。
Chicory(Cichorium intybusL.)is a kind of perennial herbage of composite.It has been used as food,medicine and forage since ancient times.It has important physiological and health protective value that makes it significant in food industry and medicine field.Chicory has many physiological and sanitarian functions.The dry root of Chicory contains about 70% inulin.Inulin is a kind of natural fructan,which has the characteristics of ligofructose and diet fiber.There is few report on the research of utilization of chicory,purification and activity of inulin.The experiment took the root of chicory as materials to study the utilization of chicory, purification and activity of inulin.
1.The split block experiment was designed to determine the effect of cutting and harvest time on the yield of inulin in chicory root.The optimal mode of utilization for the chicory planted in YangLing was established.Chicory were planted in autumn,cutted respectively in next late May and June,then harvested the roots for inulin in middle October.
2.Enzymolysis was taken to evaluate purification of inulin by HP2MGL macroporous resins.The results showed that it has high efficient ability of purification,especially on remov -ing phenolics and protein.Isolated and purified by the chromatography of TOYOPEARL DEAE-650M,followed by TOYOPEARL HW-55F column,two main compositions of water elution polysaccharide and salt elution polysaccharide were harvested from inulin.The yield of which was 63.22%and 35.90%respectively.They were all homogeneous polysaccharides, the polysaccharide content of them were 97.44%and 97.46%respectively.
3.Several methods were adopted to study the antioxidation of inulin,the conclusions were as follows:inulin and two main polysaccharides of inulin had different capability of removing O_2~-,·OH and DPPH·,which improving with the increasing of concentration of the solution.The radical scavenging activity of inulin was higher than that of main polysaccharid -es;Comparing the radical scavenging activity of water elution polysaccharide and the salt elution polysaccharide,the former was higher.
引文
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