造纸废水生物强化活性炭脱色深度处理研究
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摘要
制浆造纸工业是国民经济的重要产业,发展造纸工业必须研究造纸废水深度处理技术,以降低甚至消除对生态环境的破坏。
本文利用生物强化活性炭工艺对造纸废水进行深度处理,首先通过实验室小试对本工艺的水力停留时间(HRT)、气液状态、菌种组合及炭型等条件进行摸索。得到在小试条件下工艺的最佳组合及参数,即停留时间4h,摇床转速150r/min,黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chryscsporium)和红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas)两个菌种的复配,粒径4-8目的颗粒活性炭。
为了更加贴近本工艺的实际工程运用,在山东某造纸集团造纸污水处理厂进行100m~3/d的中试试验期间得出投菌组与空白组运行效果对比,投高效菌之后对比空白组COD和色度去除率分别从30%和40%提高至55%和50%。经过针对高效脱色菌种的复筛复投之后,色度去除率提高至70%以上。在造纸废水深度处理中,色度和COD具有基本同步去除的特点,说明造纸废水中有机发色基团具有较高COD贡献率。
分析对比大量试验数据之后,发现在浊度较低的条件下,造纸废水的色度与COD_(Cr)成线性相关,相关公式y=2.6792x+42.638,相关系数(R)=0.8738,并根据造纸废水浊度不同推出一系列修正公式。浊度较低(≤2NTU)时,具有发色基团的有机溶解性分子对COD贡献率较高,色度-COD_(Cr)公式可以较准确的估计COD_(Cr)值;随浊度升高(＞2NTU),公式估计值的相对标准偏差呈现近似直线的上升态势,必须考虑色度和浊度两个影响因素。
在较低的运行成本下,生物强化活性炭对造纸废水深度处理出水达到甚至超过该行业排放标准,本文通过系统实验证实工艺可行性,为工程应用提供有价值的理论参考。
Pulp and paper industry plays an important role in national economy, but papermaking wastewater has the properties of high COD values, deep chroma, high contnent of lignin and the large capacity of drainage, which is the kind of most difficult treatment wastewater. When the wastewater with higher chroma is discharged into environment directly, the landscape will be deteriorated and the aquatic organisms will be died. To develop paper industry, the advanced treatment technology should be researched and applied to engineering practice, which can reduce or even eliminate the damage to the ecology.
Bioaugmentation and biological activated carbon(BAC) technique was used in advanced treatment of paper-making wastewater in this paper. Firstly, the optimum technological parameters of hydraulic retention time(HRT), gas-liquid state, strain combination and Activated Carbon types were studied by small scale simulated tests in lab. The testing result showed that HRT was 4 hours, rotation speed was 150r/min, Phanerochaete chryscsporium and Rhodopseudomonas composite stabilizer was good, the particle size of activated carbon is 4-8 Mu.
In order to press close to practical engineering application, a pilot scale test which lasted for 100 days was runned in a papermaking wastewater treatment plant of Shandong. Compared to blank control group with the removal rates of COD and chroma were 30% and 40%, the removal rates of COD and chroma increased to 55% and 50% after embarking bacteria, which showed a better treatment effect. The removal rate of chroma reached to 70% and above when high efficency decoloration bacteria group was secondary screened and embarked. During the advanced treatment of papermaking wastewater, it had the effect of simultaneous removal COD and chroma, which suggested that the chromophoric groups in papermaking wastewater made relatively high contributions to COD.
Analyzing lots of teat data, it illustrated that when the turbidity was low, there were linear correlation between COD_(Cr) and chroma of papermaking wastewater with the linear equation was y=2.6792x+42.638 and correlation coefficient(R) was 0.8738, respectively. According to different turbidity of wastewater, a series of modified formulas were derived out. When the turbidity was less than 2 NTU, the organic dissolved molecular with chromophoric groups made relatively high contributions to COD, and COD_(Cr) could be estimated accurately by the formulation of COD_(Cr)-Chroma. With the increase of turbidity(more than 2 NTU), the standard deviation of estimated values by formulation had a approximate linear ascending tendency, so two influencing factors: chroma and turbidity should be taken into account.
In the lower operation cost, the effluent water after advanced treatment by bioaugmentation technique met and even better than the requirements of papermaking industry effluent discharge standard. This paper confirmed the Water treatment process was feasible by system tests, which provided the valuable theory reference for engineering application.
本文利用生物强化活性炭工艺对造纸废水进行深度处理,首先通过实验室小试对本工艺的水力停留时间(HRT)、气液状态、菌种组合及炭型等条件进行摸索。得到在小试条件下工艺的最佳组合及参数,即停留时间4h,摇床转速150r/min,黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chryscsporium)和红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas)两个菌种的复配,粒径4-8目的颗粒活性炭。
为了更加贴近本工艺的实际工程运用,在山东某造纸集团造纸污水处理厂进行100m~3/d的中试试验期间得出投菌组与空白组运行效果对比,投高效菌之后对比空白组COD和色度去除率分别从30%和40%提高至55%和50%。经过针对高效脱色菌种的复筛复投之后,色度去除率提高至70%以上。在造纸废水深度处理中,色度和COD具有基本同步去除的特点,说明造纸废水中有机发色基团具有较高COD贡献率。
分析对比大量试验数据之后,发现在浊度较低的条件下,造纸废水的色度与COD_(Cr)成线性相关,相关公式y=2.6792x+42.638,相关系数(R)=0.8738,并根据造纸废水浊度不同推出一系列修正公式。浊度较低(≤2NTU)时,具有发色基团的有机溶解性分子对COD贡献率较高,色度-COD_(Cr)公式可以较准确的估计COD_(Cr)值;随浊度升高(＞2NTU),公式估计值的相对标准偏差呈现近似直线的上升态势,必须考虑色度和浊度两个影响因素。
在较低的运行成本下,生物强化活性炭对造纸废水深度处理出水达到甚至超过该行业排放标准,本文通过系统实验证实工艺可行性,为工程应用提供有价值的理论参考。
Pulp and paper industry plays an important role in national economy, but papermaking wastewater has the properties of high COD values, deep chroma, high contnent of lignin and the large capacity of drainage, which is the kind of most difficult treatment wastewater. When the wastewater with higher chroma is discharged into environment directly, the landscape will be deteriorated and the aquatic organisms will be died. To develop paper industry, the advanced treatment technology should be researched and applied to engineering practice, which can reduce or even eliminate the damage to the ecology.
Bioaugmentation and biological activated carbon(BAC) technique was used in advanced treatment of paper-making wastewater in this paper. Firstly, the optimum technological parameters of hydraulic retention time(HRT), gas-liquid state, strain combination and Activated Carbon types were studied by small scale simulated tests in lab. The testing result showed that HRT was 4 hours, rotation speed was 150r/min, Phanerochaete chryscsporium and Rhodopseudomonas composite stabilizer was good, the particle size of activated carbon is 4-8 Mu.
In order to press close to practical engineering application, a pilot scale test which lasted for 100 days was runned in a papermaking wastewater treatment plant of Shandong. Compared to blank control group with the removal rates of COD and chroma were 30% and 40%, the removal rates of COD and chroma increased to 55% and 50% after embarking bacteria, which showed a better treatment effect. The removal rate of chroma reached to 70% and above when high efficency decoloration bacteria group was secondary screened and embarked. During the advanced treatment of papermaking wastewater, it had the effect of simultaneous removal COD and chroma, which suggested that the chromophoric groups in papermaking wastewater made relatively high contributions to COD.
Analyzing lots of teat data, it illustrated that when the turbidity was low, there were linear correlation between COD_(Cr) and chroma of papermaking wastewater with the linear equation was y=2.6792x+42.638 and correlation coefficient(R) was 0.8738, respectively. According to different turbidity of wastewater, a series of modified formulas were derived out. When the turbidity was less than 2 NTU, the organic dissolved molecular with chromophoric groups made relatively high contributions to COD, and COD_(Cr) could be estimated accurately by the formulation of COD_(Cr)-Chroma. With the increase of turbidity(more than 2 NTU), the standard deviation of estimated values by formulation had a approximate linear ascending tendency, so two influencing factors: chroma and turbidity should be taken into account.
In the lower operation cost, the effluent water after advanced treatment by bioaugmentation technique met and even better than the requirements of papermaking industry effluent discharge standard. This paper confirmed the Water treatment process was feasible by system tests, which provided the valuable theory reference for engineering application.
引文
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