香港发展中医专科教育及建立中医院之可行性研究
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摘要
研究背景：
中医药行业存在于香港社会,具有悠久的历史。香港回归祖国后,实施中医师执业制度,确立了中医师的专业地位。香港政府逐步在医疗体系中建立一些允许中医行业发展的政策,措施,并设想将香港建成国际化的中医中药中心。
香港社会对中医药医疗的需求越来越大,对中医“精益求精”,专科医疗及中医院亦有所需求。
研究目的：
本研究目的有三个：①从专家的视角探讨香港注册中医师的执业现况、中医分科专科化的可行性、建设中医院的可行性；②从民众视角探讨对医疗需求的态度、对中医分科专科及对中医院的的需求；③讨论香港成立中医专科制度的可行性及建立中医院的可行性；并根据研究结果,提出讨论和建议,供相关单位及人员改进及发展中医之参考。
研究方法：
1.文献探讨：从文献探讨中医发展的历史。
2.档案分析：香港特区成立注册制度的历史及过程、香港中医教育及专科培训发展；香港中医执业机构的历史和现况。数据来源主要为“香港中医药管理委员会”网页相关中医医疗机构网页。
3.专家咨询问卷调查：采用世界通用的德怀术专家咨询问卷方法,选择14位专家作为咨询对象,问卷设计以主题问题为题干,以封闭式问题为主,兼顾开放式问题。同一份问卷,对14位专家进行两轮的咨询,旨在获得对主体问题的共性看法、建议并保证问卷的科学性,有效性和一致性。
4.民众咨询问卷调查：于不同区域(港岛、九龙、新界、离岛)共4间不同中医诊所行问卷收集3个月,对象为不同经济阶层的居民,包括基层低收入人士、中产、较高收入人士、退休人士；将问卷派送到所选择区域的中医诊所,由中医诊所工作人员对被问卷者指导性进行问卷答题；旨在保证居民对问卷给出较完整的看法、建议。
研究结果：
1.文献探讨：从文献探讨香港中医发展的历史,春秋战国时代,开始出现专业医师,唐宋年代已有中医分科,医学专着,还涌现一批著名专科医生
2.档案分析：
a.香港中医人才的储备
无论是近50年从内地移居香港的中医专才或本地近10多年培训的中医人才,香港已有足够中医人才开展中医专科培训及建设中医院。
b.香港中医专科服务的现况及发展
现时香港已有一些医院的中医门诊提供中医专科服务,如香港浸会医院中医药诊所(资料来源：香港浸会医院网页-中医药诊所)、东华三院属下的五间中医门诊(资料来源：东华三院网页-中医专科门诊服务)。可见现时香港民众对中医专科医疗是有需求的,而且是可行的。
c.香港中医院的历史和发展
兴建中医院在香港并非是新兴的题目,远在1872年,已经落成东华医院,香港已有中医院,是主流医疗体系之一,当时除门诊部全用中医诊症外,施药亦用中药,留院病人也是服用中药。只因历史的原因,西方医术的冲击及日本统治时期等原故而消失只余下中医门诊。(资料来源：东华三院网页-我们的历史)
中医院的兴建也不是单单为满足培训中医人才而设,亦是为民众提供多元的住院治疗选择,中医院是中医专科执业的重要平台,亦是香港发展中医的需要。
3.专家问卷咨询
得到专家的支持,从专家视角提供专业支持,技术指引,前瞻性思考。
a.从专业支持视角：对香港中医行业的优势、劣势(不足)、合理性等问题,专家给予了建议。
b.从技术指引视角,对香港中医师人才培养,执业资格认可及内涵提升,执业质量标准及中医人才从业出路等问题,专家给予了建议。
c.从前瞻性思考视角,对香港中医师执业资格制度的完善,专科中医师培养制度的建设、合法性、规范性等问题,专家给予了建议。
4.民众问卷咨询
从香港居民医疗、健康需求、中医药文化影响视角提供民众对中医药现实需求的合理性、民族医学独特性。
a.中医药在维护香港居民健康方面起到了作用,青年、中年、老年,均对中医药有需求。香港居民对中医药是相当信任和认可的,就医便捷,费用合适,有疗效,药品取自天然,副作用小；香港民众对中医药是有较多需求的,在长远的医疗体系中医药是可以分担现时公营西医的负担。
b.从区域性民众就医需求视角,探讨得知香港居民不同阶层、不同年龄层对中医药是有需求和期望的。
c.香港居民根据自身健康状况,自主选择西医或中医,有自己的判断和需求。无论是自己找中医师,或亲戚、熟人介绍中医师,都在一定程度上反映香港居民对中医药的信任度和认可度。
d.民众对自身健康的追求是高的,对“专病专治”中医专科是有需求的。
e.民众对中医院的建立亦是有需求的。
结论：
1.香港中医行业存在有其历史使命,中医专科发展有社会需求
中医药行业存在于香港社会,具有悠久的历史,服务于香港民众。香港回归祖国后,实施中医师执业制度,确立了中医师的专业地位。香港政府逐步在医疗体系中建立一些允许中医行业发展的政策,措施,并设想将香港建成国际化的中医中药中心。中医的优势与特色不仅体现在医疗效果方面,同时也体现在分科发展方面,中医的骨伤科、针灸科的历史形成是现代中医分科发展的渊源与指引。中医师分科发展是医术精专的要求,是医学教育发展的要求,更是提高香港中医医疗水平和质量的现实要求。
2.香港高等中医教育的发展是中医人才成长的历史机遇,并构建中医专科发展的平台
近50年来,内地的中医高等教育发展迅速,当中不少中医专才因不同原因移居香港,加上中国大陆支持香港发展中医药容许中医药专才到港从事中医教育及临床工作。香港回归祖国后,香港政府在高等教育体系中,也开始了高等中医教育的本科层次人才本土培养计划。香港部分大学开办中医本科专业,提高了未来香港中医师的准入条件。在21世纪,香港高等中医教育的发展是跟随历史的发展而不断前进。当高等中医教育人才培养进入高层次、高学历,专业化时代,中医师专业发展专科化成为趋势,要求进行中医专科医师培训,以保证中医师进入中医行业的专业素质和职业资格。因此,香港中医师的专科化培训与专业化发展问题是香港政府,尤其是医疗卫生行政部门应积极思考并应对的现实问题。
3、香港建立中医院是中医专科发展的需要,也是业界与民众的需求
根据专家咨询问卷得出的观点和建议,以及民众问卷的结果,业界与民众均普遍认同建立中医院和逐步实施中医专科医师制度。
Background
The Chinese Medicine ("CM") exists in Hong Kong with a long history. Since reunification, the implementation system of Chinese medicine practice, established the professional status of Chinese medicine practitioners. Hong Kong Government gradually establish some policies and measures in the health care system to develop CM, and the idea of establishing Hong Kong to be an international center of CM.
The demand of CM services in Hong Kong is growing, expecting CM will provide specialist care "better to excellence" and also the demand for CM hospitals
Aims
This research has 3 purposes:1. From the perspective of experts to discuss the current status of Hong Kong-Registered CM Practitioners, the feasibility of developing CM specialists training, the feasibility of construction of CM hospital; 2. From the perspective of public attitudes about the needs of CM services, the needs of CM specialists and the acceptance of CM hospital; 3. to discuss the feasibility of establishing CM specialists training in Hong Kong. Based on the findings, will provide discussions and suggestions for the reference of those relevant government department (s) and personnel to improve and develop the CM in Hong Kong.
Methods
1. Literature Review:to review the literature of CM about the history of CM development.
2. File Analysis:to analysis the history and process of establishing CM registration system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; the Hong Kong CM education and specialist training and development; the history and current status of CM organizations in Hong Kong; data sources for the web pages of Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong and Chinese medical institutions.
3. Expert Questionnaire:use the world-wide Delphi expert consultation questionnaire method, 14 experts selected object as a consultant, questionnaire design theme issues whole question is mainly closed-questions, also with open-ended questions. With a questionnaire of 14 experts for two rounds of consultation, to get a common view of the main issues, recommendations, and to ensure the scientific nature of the questionnaire, validity and consistency
4. Public Questionnaire:data collection in different districts (Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Territories and outlying islands) a total of four different traditional CM clinic for 3 months, subjects were residents of different economic sectors, including grass-roots low-income earners, the middle class, higher Income earners, retirees; sending questionnaires to the selected area clinic by clinic staff who were guiding the patients answered a questionnaire; designed to ensure residents are given a more complete view and suggestions of the questionnaire.
Results
1. Literature Review:review the literature of the history of CM development, in the Warring States era, began to have CM specialists, in the dynasty of Tang and Song, there were CM specialist articles, and the emergence of a number of well-known specialists
2. File Analysis:
a. CM Professionals in Hong Kong Whether the past 50 years moving of CM professionals to Hong Kong from the Mainland China or local CM education in the past 10 years, there is sufficient CM professionals to carry out specialist training and the construction of CM hospital in Hong Kong.
b. The current status and development of CM specialist services in Hong Kong There are some hospitals in Hong Kong providing Chinese medicine out-patient specialist services, such as the Hong Kong Baptist Hospital-Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic (Source:Hong Kong Baptist Hospital web page Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic),5 CM clinics of Tung Wah Group of Hospitals (Source:Tung Wah Group of Hospitals web page-Chinese specialist out-patient services). We can see the needs of the CM specialist services in Hong Kong, the establishment of CM specialist system is feasible in Hong Kong.
c. Hong Kong's The history and development of Hong Kong CM hospitals Construction of Chinese medicine hospitals in Hong Kong is not a new subject, in 1872, there was a Tung Wah Hospital in Hong Kong, one of the mainstream medical system, when the out-patient department in addition full consultation with the Chinese medicine, hospital patient is also with Chinese medicine. Due to the historical reasons, the impact of Western medicine and other exigencies during the Japanese occupation, Chinese medicine was stopped in the hospitals, only Chinese medicine out-patient clinic left. (Source:Tung Wah Group of Hospitals website-our history)
Construction of CM Hospital is not only to meet the training in Chinese medicine professionals, is also providing more treatment options to publics. CM hospital is an important platform to practice CM specialist, is also a need for development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. 3. Expert Consultation Questionnaire
With the support of experts, from the perspective of experts to provide professional support, technical guidance, forward-looking thinking.
a. From the perspective of the experts:the experts gave advice about the strengths, weaknesses, rationality issues of Chinese medicine industry in Hong Kong. b. from the perspective of technical guidelines, experts gave advice about CM training, qualification recognition and implications of upgrading the quality of their profession in Chinese medicine practitioner and their prospect.
c. from the perspective of forward-looking thinking, the experts gave advice about completion of Chinese medicine registration system in Hong Kong, establishment of Chinese medicine specialist training, validity, standardization and other issues.
4. The public consultation questionnaire
From the view of Hong Kong residents to see their needs about medical and health, cultural influence of Chinese medicine to provide the rationality of medicine, national medical uniqueness of the actual needs of the public.
Chinese medicine is playing a role in the medical system among Hong Kong residents, youth, middle age, old age, are in need of Chinese medicine. Hong Kong residents believe in Chinese medicine with a considerable degree of trust and recognition, medical care convenient, cost of appropriate curative, drugs derived from natural, less side effects; Hong Kong residents have great demand of Chinese medicine, in the long-term health care system, Traditional Chinese Medicine is able to share the burden of current public Western medical.
a. From the perspective of district residents about their needs of medical service, to understand the needs and expectations of Chinese medicine in different social strata and age groups of Hong Kong residents
b. Hong Kong residents have their freedom to take Western medicine or Chinese medicine according to their own health status, judgments and internal demand. Whether they look for a Chinese medicine practitioner with the recommendation of relatives or friends, to some extent, reflecting the trust and recognition of Chinese medicine among Hong Kong residents.
c. Hong Kong residents are demanding high quality of their health, expecting "specialist" in Chinese medicine
d. Hong Kong residents also support the establishment of Chinese medicine hospital.
Conclusion
1. Hong Kong, there is a historical mission of the Chinese medicine profession, the needs of developing Chinese medicine specialist
The Chinese medicine industry has a long history of serving the people of Hong Kong. Since reunification, the implementation of Chinese medicine registration, established the professional status of Chinese medicine practitioners. Hong Kong Government gradually establishing some policies and measures to allow the development of Chinese medicine industry, and the idea of establishing Hong Kong to be an international center of Chinese medicine.
Advantages and characteristics of Chinese medicine not only in terms of health effects, but also reflects from the development of specialist, the history of Chinese medicine bone-setting, acupuncture formed the development of modern Chinese medicine specialist and guidelines. The Development of Chinese medicine specialist is requirements of fine medicine, the requirements of the development of medical education, but also requirements of improving the quality and level of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong.
2. Development of Higher Education of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong is a historical opportunity for the growth of the industry, and build a platform for the development of Chinese Medicine specialist. In the past 50 years, the rapid development of Mainland Chinese higher education, many of the Chinese medicine professionals moved to Hong Kong for various different reasons, together with the support of China government on the development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong allowing professionals to participant in the Chinese medicine education and clinical work. Since reunification, Hong Kong Government began undergraduate education of Chinese medicine to train local Chinese medicine practitioners in its higher education system. Some universities in Hong Kong, commencing undergraduate programs, improved the admission of Hong Kong Chinese medicine practitioners. In the 21st century, the development of Chinese medicine education in Hong Kong is to follow the historical development and continuous progress.
When the Higher Education of Chinese medicine into the high-level, highly educated, professional era, there is a trend of professional development of Chinese medicine specialist, request of training of Chinese medicine specialist, to ensure the professional quality and professional qualifications of Chinese medicine practitioners. Therefore, the Chinese medicine specialist training and development is the business of Hong Kong Government, in particular the health administrative departments should actively think about and deal with reality.
3. The construction of Chinese medicine hospital in Hong Kong is a request of Chinese medicine industry, the public and the needs for developing Chinese medicine specialist
According to the opinions and suggestions of the experts and the public from the results of the questionnaires, the Chinese medicine industry and the public both support to process the construction of Chinese medicine hospital and the establishment of Chinese medicine specialist system.
中医药行业存在于香港社会,具有悠久的历史。香港回归祖国后,实施中医师执业制度,确立了中医师的专业地位。香港政府逐步在医疗体系中建立一些允许中医行业发展的政策,措施,并设想将香港建成国际化的中医中药中心。
香港社会对中医药医疗的需求越来越大,对中医“精益求精”,专科医疗及中医院亦有所需求。
研究目的：
本研究目的有三个：①从专家的视角探讨香港注册中医师的执业现况、中医分科专科化的可行性、建设中医院的可行性；②从民众视角探讨对医疗需求的态度、对中医分科专科及对中医院的的需求；③讨论香港成立中医专科制度的可行性及建立中医院的可行性；并根据研究结果,提出讨论和建议,供相关单位及人员改进及发展中医之参考。
研究方法：
1.文献探讨：从文献探讨中医发展的历史。
2.档案分析：香港特区成立注册制度的历史及过程、香港中医教育及专科培训发展；香港中医执业机构的历史和现况。数据来源主要为“香港中医药管理委员会”网页相关中医医疗机构网页。
3.专家咨询问卷调查：采用世界通用的德怀术专家咨询问卷方法,选择14位专家作为咨询对象,问卷设计以主题问题为题干,以封闭式问题为主,兼顾开放式问题。同一份问卷,对14位专家进行两轮的咨询,旨在获得对主体问题的共性看法、建议并保证问卷的科学性,有效性和一致性。
4.民众咨询问卷调查：于不同区域(港岛、九龙、新界、离岛)共4间不同中医诊所行问卷收集3个月,对象为不同经济阶层的居民,包括基层低收入人士、中产、较高收入人士、退休人士；将问卷派送到所选择区域的中医诊所,由中医诊所工作人员对被问卷者指导性进行问卷答题；旨在保证居民对问卷给出较完整的看法、建议。
研究结果：
1.文献探讨：从文献探讨香港中医发展的历史,春秋战国时代,开始出现专业医师,唐宋年代已有中医分科,医学专着,还涌现一批著名专科医生
2.档案分析：
a.香港中医人才的储备
无论是近50年从内地移居香港的中医专才或本地近10多年培训的中医人才,香港已有足够中医人才开展中医专科培训及建设中医院。
b.香港中医专科服务的现况及发展
现时香港已有一些医院的中医门诊提供中医专科服务,如香港浸会医院中医药诊所(资料来源：香港浸会医院网页-中医药诊所)、东华三院属下的五间中医门诊(资料来源：东华三院网页-中医专科门诊服务)。可见现时香港民众对中医专科医疗是有需求的,而且是可行的。
c.香港中医院的历史和发展
兴建中医院在香港并非是新兴的题目,远在1872年,已经落成东华医院,香港已有中医院,是主流医疗体系之一,当时除门诊部全用中医诊症外,施药亦用中药,留院病人也是服用中药。只因历史的原因,西方医术的冲击及日本统治时期等原故而消失只余下中医门诊。(资料来源：东华三院网页-我们的历史)
中医院的兴建也不是单单为满足培训中医人才而设,亦是为民众提供多元的住院治疗选择,中医院是中医专科执业的重要平台,亦是香港发展中医的需要。
3.专家问卷咨询
得到专家的支持,从专家视角提供专业支持,技术指引,前瞻性思考。
a.从专业支持视角：对香港中医行业的优势、劣势(不足)、合理性等问题,专家给予了建议。
b.从技术指引视角,对香港中医师人才培养,执业资格认可及内涵提升,执业质量标准及中医人才从业出路等问题,专家给予了建议。
c.从前瞻性思考视角,对香港中医师执业资格制度的完善,专科中医师培养制度的建设、合法性、规范性等问题,专家给予了建议。
4.民众问卷咨询
从香港居民医疗、健康需求、中医药文化影响视角提供民众对中医药现实需求的合理性、民族医学独特性。
a.中医药在维护香港居民健康方面起到了作用,青年、中年、老年,均对中医药有需求。香港居民对中医药是相当信任和认可的,就医便捷,费用合适,有疗效,药品取自天然,副作用小；香港民众对中医药是有较多需求的,在长远的医疗体系中医药是可以分担现时公营西医的负担。
b.从区域性民众就医需求视角,探讨得知香港居民不同阶层、不同年龄层对中医药是有需求和期望的。
c.香港居民根据自身健康状况,自主选择西医或中医,有自己的判断和需求。无论是自己找中医师,或亲戚、熟人介绍中医师,都在一定程度上反映香港居民对中医药的信任度和认可度。
d.民众对自身健康的追求是高的,对“专病专治”中医专科是有需求的。
e.民众对中医院的建立亦是有需求的。
结论：
1.香港中医行业存在有其历史使命,中医专科发展有社会需求
中医药行业存在于香港社会,具有悠久的历史,服务于香港民众。香港回归祖国后,实施中医师执业制度,确立了中医师的专业地位。香港政府逐步在医疗体系中建立一些允许中医行业发展的政策,措施,并设想将香港建成国际化的中医中药中心。中医的优势与特色不仅体现在医疗效果方面,同时也体现在分科发展方面,中医的骨伤科、针灸科的历史形成是现代中医分科发展的渊源与指引。中医师分科发展是医术精专的要求,是医学教育发展的要求,更是提高香港中医医疗水平和质量的现实要求。
2.香港高等中医教育的发展是中医人才成长的历史机遇,并构建中医专科发展的平台
近50年来,内地的中医高等教育发展迅速,当中不少中医专才因不同原因移居香港,加上中国大陆支持香港发展中医药容许中医药专才到港从事中医教育及临床工作。香港回归祖国后,香港政府在高等教育体系中,也开始了高等中医教育的本科层次人才本土培养计划。香港部分大学开办中医本科专业,提高了未来香港中医师的准入条件。在21世纪,香港高等中医教育的发展是跟随历史的发展而不断前进。当高等中医教育人才培养进入高层次、高学历,专业化时代,中医师专业发展专科化成为趋势,要求进行中医专科医师培训,以保证中医师进入中医行业的专业素质和职业资格。因此,香港中医师的专科化培训与专业化发展问题是香港政府,尤其是医疗卫生行政部门应积极思考并应对的现实问题。
3、香港建立中医院是中医专科发展的需要,也是业界与民众的需求
根据专家咨询问卷得出的观点和建议,以及民众问卷的结果,业界与民众均普遍认同建立中医院和逐步实施中医专科医师制度。
Background
The Chinese Medicine ("CM") exists in Hong Kong with a long history. Since reunification, the implementation system of Chinese medicine practice, established the professional status of Chinese medicine practitioners. Hong Kong Government gradually establish some policies and measures in the health care system to develop CM, and the idea of establishing Hong Kong to be an international center of CM.
The demand of CM services in Hong Kong is growing, expecting CM will provide specialist care "better to excellence" and also the demand for CM hospitals
Aims
This research has 3 purposes:1. From the perspective of experts to discuss the current status of Hong Kong-Registered CM Practitioners, the feasibility of developing CM specialists training, the feasibility of construction of CM hospital; 2. From the perspective of public attitudes about the needs of CM services, the needs of CM specialists and the acceptance of CM hospital; 3. to discuss the feasibility of establishing CM specialists training in Hong Kong. Based on the findings, will provide discussions and suggestions for the reference of those relevant government department (s) and personnel to improve and develop the CM in Hong Kong.
Methods
1. Literature Review:to review the literature of CM about the history of CM development.
2. File Analysis:to analysis the history and process of establishing CM registration system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; the Hong Kong CM education and specialist training and development; the history and current status of CM organizations in Hong Kong; data sources for the web pages of Chinese Medicine Council of Hong Kong and Chinese medical institutions.
3. Expert Questionnaire:use the world-wide Delphi expert consultation questionnaire method, 14 experts selected object as a consultant, questionnaire design theme issues whole question is mainly closed-questions, also with open-ended questions. With a questionnaire of 14 experts for two rounds of consultation, to get a common view of the main issues, recommendations, and to ensure the scientific nature of the questionnaire, validity and consistency
4. Public Questionnaire:data collection in different districts (Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Territories and outlying islands) a total of four different traditional CM clinic for 3 months, subjects were residents of different economic sectors, including grass-roots low-income earners, the middle class, higher Income earners, retirees; sending questionnaires to the selected area clinic by clinic staff who were guiding the patients answered a questionnaire; designed to ensure residents are given a more complete view and suggestions of the questionnaire.
Results
1. Literature Review:review the literature of the history of CM development, in the Warring States era, began to have CM specialists, in the dynasty of Tang and Song, there were CM specialist articles, and the emergence of a number of well-known specialists
2. File Analysis:
a. CM Professionals in Hong Kong Whether the past 50 years moving of CM professionals to Hong Kong from the Mainland China or local CM education in the past 10 years, there is sufficient CM professionals to carry out specialist training and the construction of CM hospital in Hong Kong.
b. The current status and development of CM specialist services in Hong Kong There are some hospitals in Hong Kong providing Chinese medicine out-patient specialist services, such as the Hong Kong Baptist Hospital-Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic (Source:Hong Kong Baptist Hospital web page Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic),5 CM clinics of Tung Wah Group of Hospitals (Source:Tung Wah Group of Hospitals web page-Chinese specialist out-patient services). We can see the needs of the CM specialist services in Hong Kong, the establishment of CM specialist system is feasible in Hong Kong.
c. Hong Kong's The history and development of Hong Kong CM hospitals Construction of Chinese medicine hospitals in Hong Kong is not a new subject, in 1872, there was a Tung Wah Hospital in Hong Kong, one of the mainstream medical system, when the out-patient department in addition full consultation with the Chinese medicine, hospital patient is also with Chinese medicine. Due to the historical reasons, the impact of Western medicine and other exigencies during the Japanese occupation, Chinese medicine was stopped in the hospitals, only Chinese medicine out-patient clinic left. (Source:Tung Wah Group of Hospitals website-our history)
Construction of CM Hospital is not only to meet the training in Chinese medicine professionals, is also providing more treatment options to publics. CM hospital is an important platform to practice CM specialist, is also a need for development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. 3. Expert Consultation Questionnaire
With the support of experts, from the perspective of experts to provide professional support, technical guidance, forward-looking thinking.
a. From the perspective of the experts:the experts gave advice about the strengths, weaknesses, rationality issues of Chinese medicine industry in Hong Kong. b. from the perspective of technical guidelines, experts gave advice about CM training, qualification recognition and implications of upgrading the quality of their profession in Chinese medicine practitioner and their prospect.
c. from the perspective of forward-looking thinking, the experts gave advice about completion of Chinese medicine registration system in Hong Kong, establishment of Chinese medicine specialist training, validity, standardization and other issues.
4. The public consultation questionnaire
From the view of Hong Kong residents to see their needs about medical and health, cultural influence of Chinese medicine to provide the rationality of medicine, national medical uniqueness of the actual needs of the public.
Chinese medicine is playing a role in the medical system among Hong Kong residents, youth, middle age, old age, are in need of Chinese medicine. Hong Kong residents believe in Chinese medicine with a considerable degree of trust and recognition, medical care convenient, cost of appropriate curative, drugs derived from natural, less side effects; Hong Kong residents have great demand of Chinese medicine, in the long-term health care system, Traditional Chinese Medicine is able to share the burden of current public Western medical.
a. From the perspective of district residents about their needs of medical service, to understand the needs and expectations of Chinese medicine in different social strata and age groups of Hong Kong residents
b. Hong Kong residents have their freedom to take Western medicine or Chinese medicine according to their own health status, judgments and internal demand. Whether they look for a Chinese medicine practitioner with the recommendation of relatives or friends, to some extent, reflecting the trust and recognition of Chinese medicine among Hong Kong residents.
c. Hong Kong residents are demanding high quality of their health, expecting "specialist" in Chinese medicine
d. Hong Kong residents also support the establishment of Chinese medicine hospital.
Conclusion
1. Hong Kong, there is a historical mission of the Chinese medicine profession, the needs of developing Chinese medicine specialist
The Chinese medicine industry has a long history of serving the people of Hong Kong. Since reunification, the implementation of Chinese medicine registration, established the professional status of Chinese medicine practitioners. Hong Kong Government gradually establishing some policies and measures to allow the development of Chinese medicine industry, and the idea of establishing Hong Kong to be an international center of Chinese medicine.
Advantages and characteristics of Chinese medicine not only in terms of health effects, but also reflects from the development of specialist, the history of Chinese medicine bone-setting, acupuncture formed the development of modern Chinese medicine specialist and guidelines. The Development of Chinese medicine specialist is requirements of fine medicine, the requirements of the development of medical education, but also requirements of improving the quality and level of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong.
2. Development of Higher Education of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong is a historical opportunity for the growth of the industry, and build a platform for the development of Chinese Medicine specialist. In the past 50 years, the rapid development of Mainland Chinese higher education, many of the Chinese medicine professionals moved to Hong Kong for various different reasons, together with the support of China government on the development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong allowing professionals to participant in the Chinese medicine education and clinical work. Since reunification, Hong Kong Government began undergraduate education of Chinese medicine to train local Chinese medicine practitioners in its higher education system. Some universities in Hong Kong, commencing undergraduate programs, improved the admission of Hong Kong Chinese medicine practitioners. In the 21st century, the development of Chinese medicine education in Hong Kong is to follow the historical development and continuous progress.
When the Higher Education of Chinese medicine into the high-level, highly educated, professional era, there is a trend of professional development of Chinese medicine specialist, request of training of Chinese medicine specialist, to ensure the professional quality and professional qualifications of Chinese medicine practitioners. Therefore, the Chinese medicine specialist training and development is the business of Hong Kong Government, in particular the health administrative departments should actively think about and deal with reality.
3. The construction of Chinese medicine hospital in Hong Kong is a request of Chinese medicine industry, the public and the needs for developing Chinese medicine specialist
According to the opinions and suggestions of the experts and the public from the results of the questionnaires, the Chinese medicine industry and the public both support to process the construction of Chinese medicine hospital and the establishment of Chinese medicine specialist system.
引文
[1]刘桂荣.中医教育模式与理论发展.中医教育,1997；16(4)：23-25
[2]张新仲.中医人才培养模式浅议.中国中医药,2005；4(3)：52-53.
[3]周鸿艳.中国古代医学教育简史,黑龙江：黑龙江中医药大学博士论文,2006,未出版：4-5,中文摘要,177,70-175.
[4]吴鸿洲,陈盘基.古今中医教育模式得比较研究.上海中医药杂志,2000；12：10-13
[5]吴鸿洲,陈盘基.中医教育发展历史发展与特色.南京中医药大学学报(社会科学版),2000；28(1)：46-48
[6]朱现平.中医学传统师承与现代高层次师承教育.武汉市职工医学院学报,2000；12：10-13.
[7]郑岁宗.中医内科专科医师制度规划研究.中医药年报,2004；22(3),11
[8]李成文主编.中医发展史,北京：人民军医出版社,2004,1版：4
[9]温茂兴.中医师承教育与院校教育之比较.江苏中医药,2005；26(10)：60-62
[10]香港中医药管理委员会网站：http://www.cmchk.org.hk/cmp/chi/idx_rcmp 09.htm)
[11]加拿大CTCMA网页(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupunturists of British Columbia) http://www.ctcma.bc.ca/ competency AHExam.asp
[12]香港医院管理局(Hong Kong Hospital Authority)网站http://www.ha.org.hk/ chinesemedicine/index.asp?lan=en
[13]香港浸信会医院网页-中医药诊所(http://www.hkbh.org.hk/chi/hospital_service_chinese_medicine_clinic.php)
[14]东华三院网页-中医专科门诊服务
[15]东华三院网页-我们的历史
[16]医療改革咨询文件第vi页
[17]香港赛马会中药研究院网页—http://www.hkjcicm.org/5news/3/6.asp
[18]香港大学中医全科学士(全日制)校友致周一岳信回应医疗改革咨询文件2008年6月11日
[19]高永文医生,香港中西医结合医学会主办論坛-中医药在那裡?回应医療改革咨询文件“掌握健康掌握中生”2008年4月13日
[20]何兆炜医生,香港中西医结合医学会主办論坛-中医药在那裡?回应医瘴改革
咨询文件“掌握健康掌握中生”2008年4月13日
[21]东方日报2010年3月24日新闻
[22]香港医院管理局网页—http://www.ha.org.hk/chinese medicine/clinic /main_chi.htm
[23]医瘴改革咨询文件第102页
[24]香港中医药管理委员会网页-香港中医药发展概览http://www.cmchk.org.hk/cmp/chi/idx_deve.htm
[25]民政事务总署,我的社区-湾仔区http://www.had.gov.hk/tc/18_districts/t_my_map_04.htm
[26]维基百科http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%A3%E4%BB%94%E5%8D% 80#.E7.B5.B1.E8.A8.88.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99
[27]大埔区区议会网页2011年4月4日http://www.districtcoun cils.gov.hk/tp/text_chinese/welcome.htm
[28]维基百科http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%94%E5%8D% 80#.E7.B5.B1.E8.A8.88.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99
[29]http://www.districtcouncils.gov.hk/kt_d/chinese/dchighlights.htm观塘区区议会网页
[30]香港特别行政区政府-社会福利署 观塘区人口简况
[31]长洲乡事委员会网页http://www.cheungchaurc.com/Intro.aspx
[32]医疗券http://www.hcv.gov.hk/text/tc/pub_background.htm
[33]香港医管局-Hospital Authority Chinese Medicine Junior & Senior Scholarship and Fellowship
[34]陈家泽医师-香港针灸学会,香港中西医结合医学会主办論坛-中医药在那衬里?回应医療改革咨询文件「掌握健康掌握中生”2008年4月13日
[35]东华三院网页-中医医疗服务
[36]东华三院网页-中西医结合服务http://www.tungwah.org.hk/?content=97
[37]黄谭智媛医生-香港医管局网页http://gia.info.gov.hk/general/ 200509/15/P200509150254_0254_6490.pdf
[38]香港医疗改革第二阶段咨询档(2010年)咨询档摘要第二章展望将来2.31
[39]医院管理局响应医疗改革咨询文件2011年1月7日
[40]香港专业及资深行政人员协会就“掌握健康-掌握人生-医疗改革咨询文件”意见书2008年6月
[41]政府新闻公告《立法会十八题：公营中医诊所》2007年6月20日
[42]医疗改革咨询文件第87页
[43]医疗改革咨询文件第105页
[44]政府统计处《香港人口推算2004-2033》
[45]香港浸会大学-陈汉贤伉俪现代中医治疗中心(http://bucm c.hkbu.edu.hk/)
[46]香港防癌会赛马会癌症康复中心(www.jccrc.org.hk)
[2]张新仲.中医人才培养模式浅议.中国中医药,2005；4(3)：52-53.
[3]周鸿艳.中国古代医学教育简史,黑龙江：黑龙江中医药大学博士论文,2006,未出版：4-5,中文摘要,177,70-175.
[4]吴鸿洲,陈盘基.古今中医教育模式得比较研究.上海中医药杂志,2000；12：10-13
[5]吴鸿洲,陈盘基.中医教育发展历史发展与特色.南京中医药大学学报(社会科学版),2000；28(1)：46-48
[6]朱现平.中医学传统师承与现代高层次师承教育.武汉市职工医学院学报,2000；12：10-13.
[7]郑岁宗.中医内科专科医师制度规划研究.中医药年报,2004；22(3),11
[8]李成文主编.中医发展史,北京：人民军医出版社,2004,1版：4
[9]温茂兴.中医师承教育与院校教育之比较.江苏中医药,2005；26(10)：60-62
[10]香港中医药管理委员会网站：http://www.cmchk.org.hk/cmp/chi/idx_rcmp 09.htm)
[11]加拿大CTCMA网页(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupunturists of British Columbia) http://www.ctcma.bc.ca/ competency AHExam.asp
[12]香港医院管理局(Hong Kong Hospital Authority)网站http://www.ha.org.hk/ chinesemedicine/index.asp?lan=en
[13]香港浸信会医院网页-中医药诊所(http://www.hkbh.org.hk/chi/hospital_service_chinese_medicine_clinic.php)
[14]东华三院网页-中医专科门诊服务
[15]东华三院网页-我们的历史
[16]医療改革咨询文件第vi页
[17]香港赛马会中药研究院网页—http://www.hkjcicm.org/5news/3/6.asp
[18]香港大学中医全科学士(全日制)校友致周一岳信回应医疗改革咨询文件2008年6月11日
[19]高永文医生,香港中西医结合医学会主办論坛-中医药在那裡?回应医療改革咨询文件“掌握健康掌握中生”2008年4月13日
[20]何兆炜医生,香港中西医结合医学会主办論坛-中医药在那裡?回应医瘴改革
咨询文件“掌握健康掌握中生”2008年4月13日
[21]东方日报2010年3月24日新闻
[22]香港医院管理局网页—http://www.ha.org.hk/chinese medicine/clinic /main_chi.htm
[23]医瘴改革咨询文件第102页
[24]香港中医药管理委员会网页-香港中医药发展概览http://www.cmchk.org.hk/cmp/chi/idx_deve.htm
[25]民政事务总署,我的社区-湾仔区http://www.had.gov.hk/tc/18_districts/t_my_map_04.htm
[26]维基百科http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%A3%E4%BB%94%E5%8D% 80#.E7.B5.B1.E8.A8.88.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99
[27]大埔区区议会网页2011年4月4日http://www.districtcoun cils.gov.hk/tp/text_chinese/welcome.htm
[28]维基百科http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%94%E5%8D% 80#.E7.B5.B1.E8.A8.88.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99
[29]http://www.districtcouncils.gov.hk/kt_d/chinese/dchighlights.htm观塘区区议会网页
[30]香港特别行政区政府-社会福利署 观塘区人口简况
[31]长洲乡事委员会网页http://www.cheungchaurc.com/Intro.aspx
[32]医疗券http://www.hcv.gov.hk/text/tc/pub_background.htm
[33]香港医管局-Hospital Authority Chinese Medicine Junior & Senior Scholarship and Fellowship
[34]陈家泽医师-香港针灸学会,香港中西医结合医学会主办論坛-中医药在那衬里?回应医療改革咨询文件「掌握健康掌握中生”2008年4月13日
[35]东华三院网页-中医医疗服务
[36]东华三院网页-中西医结合服务http://www.tungwah.org.hk/?content=97
[37]黄谭智媛医生-香港医管局网页http://gia.info.gov.hk/general/ 200509/15/P200509150254_0254_6490.pdf
[38]香港医疗改革第二阶段咨询档(2010年)咨询档摘要第二章展望将来2.31
[39]医院管理局响应医疗改革咨询文件2011年1月7日
[40]香港专业及资深行政人员协会就“掌握健康-掌握人生-医疗改革咨询文件”意见书2008年6月
[41]政府新闻公告《立法会十八题：公营中医诊所》2007年6月20日
[42]医疗改革咨询文件第87页
[43]医疗改革咨询文件第105页
[44]政府统计处《香港人口推算2004-2033》
[45]香港浸会大学-陈汉贤伉俪现代中医治疗中心(http://bucm c.hkbu.edu.hk/)
[46]香港防癌会赛马会癌症康复中心(www.jccrc.org.hk)