SiC_f/SiC复合材料反射镜坯体的制备与性能研究
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摘要
本文以空间轻质反射镜为研究背景,开展短切SiC纤维增强SiC复合材料制备技术研究。使用短切SiC纤维制成的整体毡预制件,利用CVD工艺在SiC纤维表面沉积一定厚度的SiC涂层,采用PIP工艺引入一定量的C得到多孔SiC_f/C复合材料,最后通过GSI工艺制得致密的SiC_f/SiC复合材料。对不同浸渍裂解次数得到的SiC_f/C复合材料素坯进行了分析,考察了不同孔隙率素坯烧结所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的组成、结构、力学、热学性能的变化情况。对SiC_f/C素坯进行高温处理,分析高温处理后素坯中裂解碳和孔隙率的变化,并对烧结后所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料各项性能的变化进行了讨论。
(1)对SiC_f/C复合材料素坯中裂解碳含量分析设计,根据SiC纤维编织件的孔隙率建立假设模型,计算出素坯的理论最佳孔隙率为48.7%、理论裂解碳含量为41.3%。
(2)对不同浸渍裂解次数制得的SiC_f/C复合材料素坯进行分析,随着浸渍裂解次数的增加,素坯密度增加,孔隙率降低,裂解C含量的增加,且素坯密度增加的速度趋缓。浸渍裂解次数为2次时,素坯的孔隙率为46.7%,最为接近理论临界孔隙率。
(3)研究了不同浸渍裂解次数素坯制得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的组成、力学和热学性能。XRD和金相分析结果表明,随着渍裂解次数的增加,SiC_f/SiC复合材料中残余硅含量降低、残余碳含量增加。当浸渍裂解次数为2次时,素坯中裂解C含量为43.3vol%,此时SiC_f/SiC复合材料力学性能最佳,强度和模量分别为160.45MPa和242.62GPa。所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的CTE随着裂解次数的增加不断降低,分别为4.4×10~(-6)/K、4.2×10~(-6)/K、4.1×10~(-6)/K、3.8×10~(-6)/K。
(4)考察了素坯高温处理后所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的组成和力学性能。高温处理素坯所得复合材料中残余Si含量减小,SiC含量增多,其密度有一定的提高。但所得复合材料的力学性能降低,在素坯孔隙率较为接近的情况下,所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料弯曲强度由160.5MPa降至116.9MPa。
This paper is focused on space light reflecting mirror. Developed the study on preparation technology of short SiC fiber reinforced Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composite (SiC_f/SiC). Weaved the short SiC fiber to needle punching felt. SiC coating on the surface of SiC fiber was prepared through Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process. SiC_f/C composite were fabricated through Precursor Infiltration Pyrolysis (PIP) process. In the end used GSI process obtain compact SiC_f/SiC composite. Discussed the performance of SiC_f/C composite which fabricated through different PIP process cycles, the relationship between the content of pyrolysis C and the constituent of the SiC_f/SiC composite after ihrigizing reactive sintering was studied, along with the thermotics, mechanical and the microstructure. Analyzed the change of pyrolysis C and porous ratio of the SiC_f/C composite which dealed with high temperature, discussed the change of capability of this time’s SiC_f/SiC composite.
(1) The content of pyrolysis C in the SiC_f/C composite was mathematically analysis. Theoretical model was builded based on the porous ratio of the SiC fiber felt, and then work out the best theory content of pyrolysis C and porosity were 41.3% and 48.7%.
(2) Discussed the performance of SiC_f/C composite which fabricated through different PIP cycles. Along with the PIP cycles increase, the density increased, the porosity reduced and the rapidity of the density’s increased was slower. The porosity of SiC_f/C composite which fabricated through 2-cycles PIP process was 46.7%, best closed to the theory porosity.
(3) The component, mechanical and thermotics performance of the SiC_f/SiC composite which reactive sintering by different PIP cycles was researched. The result indicated that along with the the PIP cycles increased, the residual Si content was lower and residual C was higher. The mechanical of SiC_f/SiC composite was best of all when the PIP cycles were 2 and the porosity of SiC_f/C composite was 46.7%, the flexural strength were 160.45MPa and 242.62Gpa. The CTE of SiC_f/SiC composite was reduced along with the increase of PIP cycles. The CTE were 4.4×10~(-6)/K, 4.2×10~(-6)/K, 4.1×10~(-6)/K, 3.8×10~(-6)/K.
(4) Discussed the change of capability of the SiC_f/SiC composite that obtained by SiC_f/C composite which dealed with high temperature. The residual Si content was lower and SiC content was higher when the density increased. But the mechanical of the SiC_f/SiC composite was reduced. The flexural strength was from 160.5MPa reduced to 116.9MPa when the porosity of SiC_f/C was closed.
(1)对SiC_f/C复合材料素坯中裂解碳含量分析设计,根据SiC纤维编织件的孔隙率建立假设模型,计算出素坯的理论最佳孔隙率为48.7%、理论裂解碳含量为41.3%。
(2)对不同浸渍裂解次数制得的SiC_f/C复合材料素坯进行分析,随着浸渍裂解次数的增加,素坯密度增加,孔隙率降低,裂解C含量的增加,且素坯密度增加的速度趋缓。浸渍裂解次数为2次时,素坯的孔隙率为46.7%,最为接近理论临界孔隙率。
(3)研究了不同浸渍裂解次数素坯制得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的组成、力学和热学性能。XRD和金相分析结果表明,随着渍裂解次数的增加,SiC_f/SiC复合材料中残余硅含量降低、残余碳含量增加。当浸渍裂解次数为2次时,素坯中裂解C含量为43.3vol%,此时SiC_f/SiC复合材料力学性能最佳,强度和模量分别为160.45MPa和242.62GPa。所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的CTE随着裂解次数的增加不断降低,分别为4.4×10~(-6)/K、4.2×10~(-6)/K、4.1×10~(-6)/K、3.8×10~(-6)/K。
(4)考察了素坯高温处理后所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料的组成和力学性能。高温处理素坯所得复合材料中残余Si含量减小,SiC含量增多,其密度有一定的提高。但所得复合材料的力学性能降低,在素坯孔隙率较为接近的情况下,所得SiC_f/SiC复合材料弯曲强度由160.5MPa降至116.9MPa。
This paper is focused on space light reflecting mirror. Developed the study on preparation technology of short SiC fiber reinforced Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composite (SiC_f/SiC). Weaved the short SiC fiber to needle punching felt. SiC coating on the surface of SiC fiber was prepared through Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process. SiC_f/C composite were fabricated through Precursor Infiltration Pyrolysis (PIP) process. In the end used GSI process obtain compact SiC_f/SiC composite. Discussed the performance of SiC_f/C composite which fabricated through different PIP process cycles, the relationship between the content of pyrolysis C and the constituent of the SiC_f/SiC composite after ihrigizing reactive sintering was studied, along with the thermotics, mechanical and the microstructure. Analyzed the change of pyrolysis C and porous ratio of the SiC_f/C composite which dealed with high temperature, discussed the change of capability of this time’s SiC_f/SiC composite.
(1) The content of pyrolysis C in the SiC_f/C composite was mathematically analysis. Theoretical model was builded based on the porous ratio of the SiC fiber felt, and then work out the best theory content of pyrolysis C and porosity were 41.3% and 48.7%.
(2) Discussed the performance of SiC_f/C composite which fabricated through different PIP cycles. Along with the PIP cycles increase, the density increased, the porosity reduced and the rapidity of the density’s increased was slower. The porosity of SiC_f/C composite which fabricated through 2-cycles PIP process was 46.7%, best closed to the theory porosity.
(3) The component, mechanical and thermotics performance of the SiC_f/SiC composite which reactive sintering by different PIP cycles was researched. The result indicated that along with the the PIP cycles increased, the residual Si content was lower and residual C was higher. The mechanical of SiC_f/SiC composite was best of all when the PIP cycles were 2 and the porosity of SiC_f/C composite was 46.7%, the flexural strength were 160.45MPa and 242.62Gpa. The CTE of SiC_f/SiC composite was reduced along with the increase of PIP cycles. The CTE were 4.4×10~(-6)/K, 4.2×10~(-6)/K, 4.1×10~(-6)/K, 3.8×10~(-6)/K.
(4) Discussed the change of capability of the SiC_f/SiC composite that obtained by SiC_f/C composite which dealed with high temperature. The residual Si content was lower and SiC content was higher when the density increased. But the mechanical of the SiC_f/SiC composite was reduced. The flexural strength was from 160.5MPa reduced to 116.9MPa when the porosity of SiC_f/C was closed.
引文
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