基于ARM的故障监测诊断系统设计（前端采集和通信系统）
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摘要
铁路信号系统,通常是由多种设备组成的具有高度复杂性的控制系统,对列车的安全、高效、快捷运行起着极其重要的作用。我国铁路的大部分编组站及车站都位于远离城市中心地区的雷电暴露环境下,而且信号系统设备都大量、长距离地与室外信息采集对象或控制对象相连接,导致信号楼内设备很容易受到雷电感应过电压的侵袭,此外,信号系统内部因为操作方式改变等情况也会引起过电压产生,此类瞬态过压信号严重威胁室内电子设备。因此,对室内相关信号设备进行瞬态过电压监测采集并进行分析,以便于迅速排除故障,以保障铁路高效、安全运行是十分必要的。
本文通过对瞬态过电压的分析,设计研究了一种基于ARM的故障诊断监测系统,结合雷电记录仪一起进行多点监测,用以对雷电感应过电压及设备内部过电压引起故障的诊断。整个系统分为两大部分,即基于单片机的前端数据采集部分和基于ARM9的中央监控处理部分,采用RS-485总线构成分布式监控采集网络。前端采集部分选用DS80C320单片机作为主控制器,A/D选用TLC5510,主要完成信号的触发采集等功能。中央监控处理部分采用三星公司ARM9系列的S3C2440A处理器作为核心控制器件,并移植Linux操作系统,具有数据存储及显示功能。中央监控处理部分可对设备过电压采集端信息及雷电记录仪的信息综合分析,实现故障诊断。
作者在文中给出了故障监测诊断系统的总体设计方案及与雷电记录仪结合使用的方法,设计了相关硬件电路,并给出了相应信号采集及传输等软件程序。对于ARM9中央处理端,建立了软件开发环境,移植了Bootloader及Linux操作系统。设计了RS-485通信协议及其流程。最后对于本文的内容进行了总结并指出了系统的不足及改进方法。
Railway signal system is a complex control system, which is made from a variety of electrical and mechanical equipment. It plays an important role in safety, efficiency and speed of railway operation. In our country, most of the railway marshalling yards or stations are located away from the urban centers. Many of signal equipments usually connect with out-door information acquisition objects or control objects that are so frequently exposed in the lightning environment and cause the indoor signal equipments affected by lightning-induced overvoltage easily. Besides, transient signal changes due to operation changes can also cause overvoltage inside the signal equipments, which threate electronics equipments severely. Therefore in order to better identify and diagnose faults, and guarantee the railway efficiency and safety, it's essential to monitor and acquire the transient signal.
This thesis designs a kind of the ARM-based fault monitoring and diagnosis system associating with Thunder Recorder that can make multi-point monitoring to diagnose overvoltage induces by lightning after studying and analyzing transient overvoltage.The whole system consists of two major parts:the front-end data acquisition system based on single chip microcomputer and ARM9-based central control processing part. Using RS-485 bus, it can make a distributed monitoring acquisition network. Front-end data acquisition part uses DS80C320 microcontroller as the main controller, TLC5510 as the A/D conveter to achieve the trigger and acquisition. functions. Central control processing part uses Samsung S3C2440A ARM9 family of processors as the core control device and Linux as the operating system with data storage and display. So the whole system can finish the fault diagnosis function.
This thesis gives an overall design of the fault monitoring and diagnosis system and the method of associating with the Thunder Recorder and designs the related circuit and software programs. For The ARM9 center processing part creates software development environment and transplants the Boodloader and Linux operating system successfully. Finally, the thesis summarizes the study and points out the inadequacy of the system and gives the suggestion to improvement.
本文通过对瞬态过电压的分析,设计研究了一种基于ARM的故障诊断监测系统,结合雷电记录仪一起进行多点监测,用以对雷电感应过电压及设备内部过电压引起故障的诊断。整个系统分为两大部分,即基于单片机的前端数据采集部分和基于ARM9的中央监控处理部分,采用RS-485总线构成分布式监控采集网络。前端采集部分选用DS80C320单片机作为主控制器,A/D选用TLC5510,主要完成信号的触发采集等功能。中央监控处理部分采用三星公司ARM9系列的S3C2440A处理器作为核心控制器件,并移植Linux操作系统,具有数据存储及显示功能。中央监控处理部分可对设备过电压采集端信息及雷电记录仪的信息综合分析,实现故障诊断。
作者在文中给出了故障监测诊断系统的总体设计方案及与雷电记录仪结合使用的方法,设计了相关硬件电路,并给出了相应信号采集及传输等软件程序。对于ARM9中央处理端,建立了软件开发环境,移植了Bootloader及Linux操作系统。设计了RS-485通信协议及其流程。最后对于本文的内容进行了总结并指出了系统的不足及改进方法。
Railway signal system is a complex control system, which is made from a variety of electrical and mechanical equipment. It plays an important role in safety, efficiency and speed of railway operation. In our country, most of the railway marshalling yards or stations are located away from the urban centers. Many of signal equipments usually connect with out-door information acquisition objects or control objects that are so frequently exposed in the lightning environment and cause the indoor signal equipments affected by lightning-induced overvoltage easily. Besides, transient signal changes due to operation changes can also cause overvoltage inside the signal equipments, which threate electronics equipments severely. Therefore in order to better identify and diagnose faults, and guarantee the railway efficiency and safety, it's essential to monitor and acquire the transient signal.
This thesis designs a kind of the ARM-based fault monitoring and diagnosis system associating with Thunder Recorder that can make multi-point monitoring to diagnose overvoltage induces by lightning after studying and analyzing transient overvoltage.The whole system consists of two major parts:the front-end data acquisition system based on single chip microcomputer and ARM9-based central control processing part. Using RS-485 bus, it can make a distributed monitoring acquisition network. Front-end data acquisition part uses DS80C320 microcontroller as the main controller, TLC5510 as the A/D conveter to achieve the trigger and acquisition. functions. Central control processing part uses Samsung S3C2440A ARM9 family of processors as the core control device and Linux as the operating system with data storage and display. So the whole system can finish the fault diagnosis function.
This thesis gives an overall design of the fault monitoring and diagnosis system and the method of associating with the Thunder Recorder and designs the related circuit and software programs. For The ARM9 center processing part creates software development environment and transplants the Boodloader and Linux operating system successfully. Finally, the thesis summarizes the study and points out the inadequacy of the system and gives the suggestion to improvement.
引文
[1]周平,铁道概论.北京.中国铁道出版社.2007
[2]孟庆新,王霄.大型石油库雷电流采集系统设计.石油仪器.2009.23(5)
[3]宋钢.便携式铁路信号微机监测仪的研制.北方交通大学学报.2003.4
[4]焦景忠,王永光.信号微机监测系统功能发展趋势.铁路通信信号工程技术.2009.12
[5]徐英慧,马忠梅,王磊等.ARM9嵌入式系统设计-基于S3C2410与Linux北京.北京航空航天大学出版社.2007.1.8-12
[6]杨世武.铁路信号电磁兼容技术.北京.中国铁道出版社.2010.8.1
[7]孙纪坤,张小泉.嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解一基于ARM.北京.人民邮电出版社.2006.8.2-3
[8]George Bao. Challenges in Low Cost Test Approach for ARM9 Core Based Mixed-Signal Soc DragonBall-MX1.International Test Conference.2003.512-519
[9]Ho-Sang Sung. Real-time Implementation of the G 723.1 using ARM9 thumb processor core. 10th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems:Modeling and Analysis.2002. (1).86-90
[10]ARM Limited Copyright. ARM920T Technical Reference Manual[EB/OL]. http://www.arm.com/ARM DDI0184B
[11]北京全路通信信号研究设计院.TB/T.3074--2003.铁道信号设备雷电电磁脉冲防护技术条件.北京.中国铁道出版社.2003.3-4
[12]Zhong M., Liying T. Design and realization of computer controlled automatic cement compression testing machine [A].Proceedings of the International Symposium on Test and Measurement [C].Beijing. International Academic Publishers.1997.537-540
[13]C. F. Wagner,G D. McCann.Induced volta-ges on transmission lines[J]. Trans. Amer. Inst. Elec. Engrs.1942.6.1.916-930.
[14]程佩青.数字信号处理教程.北京.清华大学出版社.2001.11-12
[15]马明建,周长城.数据采集与处理技术.西安.西安交通大学出版社.1999.30-31
[16]机械工业部设计研究院.GB50057--94建筑物防雷设计规范.北京.中国计划出版社.2001.64-65
[17]徐英慧.ARM9嵌入式系统设计.北京.北京航空航大大学出版.2007.8.222-223
[18]孙春梅.铁路信号微机监测系统技术条件(暂行).2006.8.5-20
[19]李东生,张勇,许四毛.北京Protel99SE电路设计教程.电子工业出版社.2007.1
[20]戴胜华,蒋大明,杨世武等.单片机原理与应用.北京.清华大学出版社.北京交通大学出版社.2005.4.236-239
[21]陈后金.数字信号处理.北京.高等教育出版社.2004.7.32-60
[22]余少华等.双单片机数据采集系统中TCP/IP网络模块的实现.自动化仪表.2005.9.26
[23]Samsung Electronic Co., Ltd. S3C2440A 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor User's Manual.3-7
[24]Samsung Electronic Co., Ltd. K9F1208U0M 64M x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory.1-20
[25]Texas Instruments.TLC5510,TLC5510A 8-BIT HIGH-SPEED ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTERS.1-2
[26]张硕.基于ARM9的通用铁路信号测试系统的研究[硕士论文].北京交通大学.2009.5
[27]韩国海力士半导体公司.HY57V561620C(L)T(P)(Rev.0.5).2004.6.5.14
[28]徐雁,叶妙元,张庆,肖霞.光电互感器的应用及接口问题.电力系统自动化.2001.12.2
[29]CC1TT.The Protection of Telecommunication Lines and Equipment against Lightning Discharge.975.46-47
[30]陈莉君.深入分析Linux内核源代码.北京.人民邮电出版社.2002
[31]郭玉东Linux操作系统结构分析.第1版.西安.西安电子科技大学出版社.2002.
[32]陈铁军,仇洪冰.基于S3C2410的嵌入式Linux的移植方法.桂林电子工业学院学报.2006.26(4).259-263
[33]陈绍东,王孝波,李斌,杨少杰.标准雷电波形的频谱分析及应用.气象.2006.30(10)
[34](韩)俞永昌著,李红姬,李明吉译Linux设备驱动开发技术及应用.北京.人民邮电出版社.2008.9.27-28
[35]谭浩强.C程序设计[第三版].北京.清华大学出版社.2000.6.106-114
[36]Fairchild Semiconductor.LM358 Dual Operational Amplifier.2002
[37]National Semiconductor.LM319 High Speed Dual Comparator General Description.1999.5
[38]张永瑞,刘振起.电子测量技术.西安.西安电子科技大学出版社.1994.12.12-87
[39]和伟,马丽峰,徐八林,杨荣建.雷电波分析与比较研究.云南师范大学学报.2004.11.24(6)
[40]成都知力电子有限公司.ZL-2000A用户手册.2-4
[2]孟庆新,王霄.大型石油库雷电流采集系统设计.石油仪器.2009.23(5)
[3]宋钢.便携式铁路信号微机监测仪的研制.北方交通大学学报.2003.4
[4]焦景忠,王永光.信号微机监测系统功能发展趋势.铁路通信信号工程技术.2009.12
[5]徐英慧,马忠梅,王磊等.ARM9嵌入式系统设计-基于S3C2410与Linux北京.北京航空航天大学出版社.2007.1.8-12
[6]杨世武.铁路信号电磁兼容技术.北京.中国铁道出版社.2010.8.1
[7]孙纪坤,张小泉.嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解一基于ARM.北京.人民邮电出版社.2006.8.2-3
[8]George Bao. Challenges in Low Cost Test Approach for ARM9 Core Based Mixed-Signal Soc DragonBall-MX1.International Test Conference.2003.512-519
[9]Ho-Sang Sung. Real-time Implementation of the G 723.1 using ARM9 thumb processor core. 10th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems:Modeling and Analysis.2002. (1).86-90
[10]ARM Limited Copyright. ARM920T Technical Reference Manual[EB/OL]. http://www.arm.com/ARM DDI0184B
[11]北京全路通信信号研究设计院.TB/T.3074--2003.铁道信号设备雷电电磁脉冲防护技术条件.北京.中国铁道出版社.2003.3-4
[12]Zhong M., Liying T. Design and realization of computer controlled automatic cement compression testing machine [A].Proceedings of the International Symposium on Test and Measurement [C].Beijing. International Academic Publishers.1997.537-540
[13]C. F. Wagner,G D. McCann.Induced volta-ges on transmission lines[J]. Trans. Amer. Inst. Elec. Engrs.1942.6.1.916-930.
[14]程佩青.数字信号处理教程.北京.清华大学出版社.2001.11-12
[15]马明建,周长城.数据采集与处理技术.西安.西安交通大学出版社.1999.30-31
[16]机械工业部设计研究院.GB50057--94建筑物防雷设计规范.北京.中国计划出版社.2001.64-65
[17]徐英慧.ARM9嵌入式系统设计.北京.北京航空航大大学出版.2007.8.222-223
[18]孙春梅.铁路信号微机监测系统技术条件(暂行).2006.8.5-20
[19]李东生,张勇,许四毛.北京Protel99SE电路设计教程.电子工业出版社.2007.1
[20]戴胜华,蒋大明,杨世武等.单片机原理与应用.北京.清华大学出版社.北京交通大学出版社.2005.4.236-239
[21]陈后金.数字信号处理.北京.高等教育出版社.2004.7.32-60
[22]余少华等.双单片机数据采集系统中TCP/IP网络模块的实现.自动化仪表.2005.9.26
[23]Samsung Electronic Co., Ltd. S3C2440A 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor User's Manual.3-7
[24]Samsung Electronic Co., Ltd. K9F1208U0M 64M x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory.1-20
[25]Texas Instruments.TLC5510,TLC5510A 8-BIT HIGH-SPEED ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTERS.1-2
[26]张硕.基于ARM9的通用铁路信号测试系统的研究[硕士论文].北京交通大学.2009.5
[27]韩国海力士半导体公司.HY57V561620C(L)T(P)(Rev.0.5).2004.6.5.14
[28]徐雁,叶妙元,张庆,肖霞.光电互感器的应用及接口问题.电力系统自动化.2001.12.2
[29]CC1TT.The Protection of Telecommunication Lines and Equipment against Lightning Discharge.975.46-47
[30]陈莉君.深入分析Linux内核源代码.北京.人民邮电出版社.2002
[31]郭玉东Linux操作系统结构分析.第1版.西安.西安电子科技大学出版社.2002.
[32]陈铁军,仇洪冰.基于S3C2410的嵌入式Linux的移植方法.桂林电子工业学院学报.2006.26(4).259-263
[33]陈绍东,王孝波,李斌,杨少杰.标准雷电波形的频谱分析及应用.气象.2006.30(10)
[34](韩)俞永昌著,李红姬,李明吉译Linux设备驱动开发技术及应用.北京.人民邮电出版社.2008.9.27-28
[35]谭浩强.C程序设计[第三版].北京.清华大学出版社.2000.6.106-114
[36]Fairchild Semiconductor.LM358 Dual Operational Amplifier.2002
[37]National Semiconductor.LM319 High Speed Dual Comparator General Description.1999.5
[38]张永瑞,刘振起.电子测量技术.西安.西安电子科技大学出版社.1994.12.12-87
[39]和伟,马丽峰,徐八林,杨荣建.雷电波分析与比较研究.云南师范大学学报.2004.11.24(6)
[40]成都知力电子有限公司.ZL-2000A用户手册.2-4
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