电镀CBN蜗杆状珩齿刀的设计与研究
摘要
现代化工业技术的不断发展,要求机械传动具有高速、高效及低噪声的性能。齿轮是机械传动的基本元件,其制造质量及加工精度是影响机械传动性能的关键。因此,现代机械的发展对于具有高承载力、高齿面硬度、良好抗点蚀性、高精度、低齿面粗糙度、长寿命的硬齿面齿轮的要求不断提高,为此本文拟对蜗杆状珩齿刀的设计、制造工艺进行研究。蜗杆状珩齿刀的珩齿工艺对提高热处理后齿轮的精度有明显效果,适宜中等模数齿轮的批量生产,是一项对汽车行业很有发展前景的新工艺。
蜗杆状珩齿刀珩齿作为一种加工硬齿面齿轮的方法,其特点、应用及其加工的可行性,在某些文章中均有阐述,但珩齿理论的研究很少。本文利用空间螺旋齿轮啮合理论对其珩齿方法进行了理论研究。
通过采用AutoCAD提供的ActiveX技术,运用VBA语言设计计算蜗杆状珩齿刀参数,编制绘图程序,实现参数化设计,
According to the development of modern industrial technology, mechanical transmission need satisfy the requirement of high speed, high efficiency and low noise. The quality and precision of gear machined have been the key influencing mechanical transmissional performance. Therefore , modern mechanical development need the hard face gears with high bearing capacity, teeth surface hardness, resisting corrosive pitting, high precision, low teeth surface roughness, the design and manufacture process of worm type honer will be studied in this paper . The process of worm type honer has apparent effect to improve gear precision after heat treating, adapt to batch production of mid-module gear, especially to the motor industry. It
is a new process with developmental prospect.Process of the Worm type honing as a method machining hard teeth profile gear, whose features , applications and feasibility of machining have been represented in many articles, but theoretical research is lack. Based on the theory of the space-crossed-axis gearing, the theoretical study on the gear honing method is carried out, and the equation of the spiral gear tooth flank is derived.Through ActiveX technology provided by AutoCAD, using VBA to complete compute aided design , including computing Worm type honer parameter and compiling drawing program so as to accomplish parameterized design, reduce workload designing Worm type honer and improve design efficiency.The main process problems in electroplating CBN Worm type honer are the binding force between CBN composite deposit and matrix and the uniform of the CBN abrasives. This paper expatiates the electroplating parameters influencing the binding
force, such as the current density, temperature, PH value, stirring role, the area ratio of cathode to anode and current of commutation. Using suspending method to putting abrasives may better the uniform of abrasives and adding thermal diffusion in vacuum at high temperature after electroplating, the binding force between cladding material and matrix is improved evidently.
蜗杆状珩齿刀珩齿作为一种加工硬齿面齿轮的方法,其特点、应用及其加工的可行性,在某些文章中均有阐述,但珩齿理论的研究很少。本文利用空间螺旋齿轮啮合理论对其珩齿方法进行了理论研究。
通过采用AutoCAD提供的ActiveX技术,运用VBA语言设计计算蜗杆状珩齿刀参数,编制绘图程序,实现参数化设计,
According to the development of modern industrial technology, mechanical transmission need satisfy the requirement of high speed, high efficiency and low noise. The quality and precision of gear machined have been the key influencing mechanical transmissional performance. Therefore , modern mechanical development need the hard face gears with high bearing capacity, teeth surface hardness, resisting corrosive pitting, high precision, low teeth surface roughness, the design and manufacture process of worm type honer will be studied in this paper . The process of worm type honer has apparent effect to improve gear precision after heat treating, adapt to batch production of mid-module gear, especially to the motor industry. It
is a new process with developmental prospect.Process of the Worm type honing as a method machining hard teeth profile gear, whose features , applications and feasibility of machining have been represented in many articles, but theoretical research is lack. Based on the theory of the space-crossed-axis gearing, the theoretical study on the gear honing method is carried out, and the equation of the spiral gear tooth flank is derived.Through ActiveX technology provided by AutoCAD, using VBA to complete compute aided design , including computing Worm type honer parameter and compiling drawing program so as to accomplish parameterized design, reduce workload designing Worm type honer and improve design efficiency.The main process problems in electroplating CBN Worm type honer are the binding force between CBN composite deposit and matrix and the uniform of the CBN abrasives. This paper expatiates the electroplating parameters influencing the binding
force, such as the current density, temperature, PH value, stirring role, the area ratio of cathode to anode and current of commutation. Using suspending method to putting abrasives may better the uniform of abrasives and adding thermal diffusion in vacuum at high temperature after electroplating, the binding force between cladding material and matrix is improved evidently.
引文
[1] 安立宝,齿轮加工技术新进展,航空工艺技术,1994年,第1期,P33～35
[2] 任敬心,刘洪忠,张应昌,齿轮工程学,北京,国防工业出版社,1985年
[3] 李建,圆柱齿轮热后精加工技术状况与发展,江苏机械制造与自动化,2000年,第2期,p15～17
[4] 郭建强,剃齿加工理论和实验研究,[学位论文],北京,国家图书馆,1998年
[5] 江甫炎,近代齿轮制造工艺学,北京,航空工业出版社,1994年
[6] 朱辉平,硬齿面蜗杆珩磨轮珩齿工艺及装备,机械制造,1995年,第11期,p23～25
[7] 阮光珊,内啮合珩齿原理及生产应用,制造技术及机床,1995年,第7期,p11～15
[8] 珩轮制造及珩齿工艺,一机部机床研究所,1970年
[9] 刘毅,电镀CBN斜齿外珩轮整形珩齿机理研究,[学位论文],北京,国家图书馆,1994年
[10] 阮光珊,沈立勤,内啮合珩齿工艺的研究和应用,机床,1990年,第12期,P29～32
[11] 李菊南,金刚石修整滚轮与硬齿面加工,机械工艺师,1990年,第12期,p7～8
[12] Diamond Gear Hone. USA Patent, 4077164
[13] 郭振光,新型珩齿工艺及其蜗杆状珩轮,汽车技术,1985年,第2期,p23～25
[14] 胡永生等,用电镀金刚石蜗杆状珩轮加工硬齿面齿轮,机械工艺师, 1984年,第7期,p19～21
[15] 黎上威,双鼓形齿轮珩齿技术,齿轮,第9期(5),1985年,p11～14
[16] 郭秀琴译,高速同步轴齿轮精加工机床的开发,机床,1993年,第7期,p16～19
[17] Ned W.Wright&HerBert Schifer. Basic Honing&Advanced Free-Form Honing. Gear Technology. July/August 1997
[18] 魏生民,朱喜林,机械CAD/CAM,武汉,武汉理工大学出版社,2001年
[19] 杨岳,罗意平,CAD/CAM原理与实践,北京,中国铁道出版社,2002年
[20] 蒋海青,超硬材料珩轮CAD及其制造工艺的研究,[学位论文],太原,太原理工大学图书馆,2000年
[21] 徐璞,穆临平,丁艳红,组装式CBN蜗杆形珩轮及其切削性能
[22] 齿轮手册编委会,齿轮手册,北京,机械工业出版社,2001年
[23] 袁哲俊,刘华明,唐宜胜,齿轮刀具设计(上册),北京,新时代出版社,1983年
[24] 肖定国,电镀金刚石珩蜗杆珩磨硬齿面的圆柱齿轮新工艺的研究,[学位论文],北京,北京工业大学图书馆,1987年
[25] 张树兵,戴红,陈哲,Visual Basic 6.0入门与提高,北京,清华大学出版社,1999年
[26] 李长勋,AutoCAD VBA程序开发技术,北京,国防工业出版社,2004年
[27] 王钰,用VBA开发AutoCAD2000应用教程,北京,人民邮电出版社,1999年
[28] 牛庆祥,蜗杆珩齿机理研究,[学位论文],北京,北京工业大学图书馆,1986年
[29] 胡永生,李兆潢,肖定国,用电镀金刚石蜗杆状珩轮加工硬齿面齿轮,机械工艺师,1984年,第17期,p31～34
[30] 曲平,电镀金刚石珩轮滚珩渐开线硬齿面技术的研究,[学位论文],沈阳,沈阳工业大学图书馆,1996年
[31] 傅则绍,微分几何与齿轮啮合原理,北京,石油大学出版社,1999年
[32] 李华敏,韩元莹,王知行,渐开线齿轮的几何原理与计算,北京,机械工业出版社,1985年
[33] 李特文,卢贤占,高业田译,齿轮啮合原理,上海,上海科学技术出版社,1984年
[34] 吴序堂,齿轮啮合原理,北京,机械工业出版社,1982年
[35] 王秦生编著,超硬材料电镀工艺学,郑州,机械电子部机床工具工业局,中国磨料磨具工业公司,1989年
[36] 张胜涛,电镀工程,北京,化学工业出版社,2002年
[37] One-minute CBN hard-finishing. American Machinist&Automated Manufacturing. July 1988
[38] New Dressing Method for Gear Honing Wheel and its Effectiveness(1st Report)—Influence of Radial Feed on Accuracy of Internal Abrasive Wheel)
[39] I. Moriwaki, M.Fujita. Effect of Cutter Performance on Finished Tooth in Gear Shaving. Journal of Mechanical Design. 1994.116. PP701～705
[40] LOYAL M. PETERMAN, JR.Abrasive Technology, Inc, Diamond Gear Honing A New Approach To Hardened Gear Correction, 1980年
[41] Rickerby DS, Bull SJ Engineering with surfae coatings, 1989, PP39～40
[42] Eduardo Carlos Bianchia, Paulo Roberto de Aguiarb, Rodrigo Daun Monicic,etc,Analysis of the Performance of Superabrasive and Conventional Grinding Wheels with Different Bonds and Machining Conditions, Vol.6, No.2,2003,P1～8
[2] 任敬心,刘洪忠,张应昌,齿轮工程学,北京,国防工业出版社,1985年
[3] 李建,圆柱齿轮热后精加工技术状况与发展,江苏机械制造与自动化,2000年,第2期,p15～17
[4] 郭建强,剃齿加工理论和实验研究,[学位论文],北京,国家图书馆,1998年
[5] 江甫炎,近代齿轮制造工艺学,北京,航空工业出版社,1994年
[6] 朱辉平,硬齿面蜗杆珩磨轮珩齿工艺及装备,机械制造,1995年,第11期,p23～25
[7] 阮光珊,内啮合珩齿原理及生产应用,制造技术及机床,1995年,第7期,p11～15
[8] 珩轮制造及珩齿工艺,一机部机床研究所,1970年
[9] 刘毅,电镀CBN斜齿外珩轮整形珩齿机理研究,[学位论文],北京,国家图书馆,1994年
[10] 阮光珊,沈立勤,内啮合珩齿工艺的研究和应用,机床,1990年,第12期,P29～32
[11] 李菊南,金刚石修整滚轮与硬齿面加工,机械工艺师,1990年,第12期,p7～8
[12] Diamond Gear Hone. USA Patent, 4077164
[13] 郭振光,新型珩齿工艺及其蜗杆状珩轮,汽车技术,1985年,第2期,p23～25
[14] 胡永生等,用电镀金刚石蜗杆状珩轮加工硬齿面齿轮,机械工艺师, 1984年,第7期,p19～21
[15] 黎上威,双鼓形齿轮珩齿技术,齿轮,第9期(5),1985年,p11～14
[16] 郭秀琴译,高速同步轴齿轮精加工机床的开发,机床,1993年,第7期,p16～19
[17] Ned W.Wright&HerBert Schifer. Basic Honing&Advanced Free-Form Honing. Gear Technology. July/August 1997
[18] 魏生民,朱喜林,机械CAD/CAM,武汉,武汉理工大学出版社,2001年
[19] 杨岳,罗意平,CAD/CAM原理与实践,北京,中国铁道出版社,2002年
[20] 蒋海青,超硬材料珩轮CAD及其制造工艺的研究,[学位论文],太原,太原理工大学图书馆,2000年
[21] 徐璞,穆临平,丁艳红,组装式CBN蜗杆形珩轮及其切削性能
[22] 齿轮手册编委会,齿轮手册,北京,机械工业出版社,2001年
[23] 袁哲俊,刘华明,唐宜胜,齿轮刀具设计(上册),北京,新时代出版社,1983年
[24] 肖定国,电镀金刚石珩蜗杆珩磨硬齿面的圆柱齿轮新工艺的研究,[学位论文],北京,北京工业大学图书馆,1987年
[25] 张树兵,戴红,陈哲,Visual Basic 6.0入门与提高,北京,清华大学出版社,1999年
[26] 李长勋,AutoCAD VBA程序开发技术,北京,国防工业出版社,2004年
[27] 王钰,用VBA开发AutoCAD2000应用教程,北京,人民邮电出版社,1999年
[28] 牛庆祥,蜗杆珩齿机理研究,[学位论文],北京,北京工业大学图书馆,1986年
[29] 胡永生,李兆潢,肖定国,用电镀金刚石蜗杆状珩轮加工硬齿面齿轮,机械工艺师,1984年,第17期,p31～34
[30] 曲平,电镀金刚石珩轮滚珩渐开线硬齿面技术的研究,[学位论文],沈阳,沈阳工业大学图书馆,1996年
[31] 傅则绍,微分几何与齿轮啮合原理,北京,石油大学出版社,1999年
[32] 李华敏,韩元莹,王知行,渐开线齿轮的几何原理与计算,北京,机械工业出版社,1985年
[33] 李特文,卢贤占,高业田译,齿轮啮合原理,上海,上海科学技术出版社,1984年
[34] 吴序堂,齿轮啮合原理,北京,机械工业出版社,1982年
[35] 王秦生编著,超硬材料电镀工艺学,郑州,机械电子部机床工具工业局,中国磨料磨具工业公司,1989年
[36] 张胜涛,电镀工程,北京,化学工业出版社,2002年
[37] One-minute CBN hard-finishing. American Machinist&Automated Manufacturing. July 1988
[38] New Dressing Method for Gear Honing Wheel and its Effectiveness(1st Report)—Influence of Radial Feed on Accuracy of Internal Abrasive Wheel)
[39] I. Moriwaki, M.Fujita. Effect of Cutter Performance on Finished Tooth in Gear Shaving. Journal of Mechanical Design. 1994.116. PP701～705
[40] LOYAL M. PETERMAN, JR.Abrasive Technology, Inc, Diamond Gear Honing A New Approach To Hardened Gear Correction, 1980年
[41] Rickerby DS, Bull SJ Engineering with surfae coatings, 1989, PP39～40
[42] Eduardo Carlos Bianchia, Paulo Roberto de Aguiarb, Rodrigo Daun Monicic,etc,Analysis of the Performance of Superabrasive and Conventional Grinding Wheels with Different Bonds and Machining Conditions, Vol.6, No.2,2003,P1～8