基于有限元方法的大坝变形分析与仿真研究
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摘要
建筑物变形监测、分析与预报是一个涉及多学科的边缘课题,其方法正确或合适与否,直接影响到对建筑物安全进行判定的正确性和可靠性。大坝变形分析与预报涉及到的理论和方法有回归分析法、时间序列分析法、频谱分析法、卡尔曼滤波法、有限元法、人工神经网络法、小波分析法及系统论方法等,本文主要研究采用有限元法进行大坝变形分析,从而建立大坝变形监测的确定性模型,以实现大坝的安全监测与监控,此外还进行了大坝变形的仿真分析和反分析研究,全文共分八章,各章的主要内容如下：
第一章阐述了目前大坝监控及变形分析的各种理论和方法,并对其各自的特点进行了比较；论述了有限元法的主要特点及采用有限元法进行变形正、反分析与仿真的国内外研究现状、发展趋势及特点,讨论了大坝变形监控中存在的一些问题。
第二章论述了有限元法变形分析的基本原理和解算方法,有限元单元的类型及有限元网格划分方法,分别探讨了大坝在水压、温度荷载作用下位移的有限元计算方法以及时效位移的有限元解法。
第三章结合有限元通用分析软件ANSYS,研究了大坝有限元变形分析的具体过程和步骤,包括大坝有限元模型的建立、坝基地质条件的概化处理、荷载施加及边界条件的确定、温度荷载条件下温度场及温度位移的有限元分析方法。
第四章讨论了建立确定性模型的基本假定及基本概念,研究了确定性模型中水压位移分量、温度位移分量及时效位移分量的表达形式和计算方法,分析了确定性模型的建立及其误差分析、变形预报方法。
第五章讨论了结合有限元法进行大坝及坝基材料力学参数反演分析的原理和方法,研究了利用确定性模型进行反演时存在的问题及其优化处理。
第六章研究了混凝土大坝在荷载作用下的变形过程及转异特征,讨论了混凝土大坝位移监控指标的拟定方法。
第七章结合清江隔河岩大坝实例工程,采用有限元方法对其进行了仿真变形分析,对本文所研究的理论和方法进行了验证。
第八章对全文的研究成果进行了总结,并提出了今后有待深入研究的问题。
Deformation monitoring, analysis and prediction of buildings is a matter of the edge of multi-disciplinary issue, and the method is proper and appropriate or not, directly affect the safety of buildings to determine the accuracy and reliability. Dam Deformation Analysis and Prediction involves a lotsof theoryes and methods,such as regression analysis, time series analysis, spectrum analysis, Kalman filtering method, finite element method, artificial neural network method, wavelet analysis method and system theory and methods. This paper main studies dam deformation analysis using finite element method to build the deterministic model of the dam deformation monitoring, in order to achieve the dam safety monitoring and surveillance.In addition, it also carried out the simulation analysis and anti-deformation analysis of dam. This paper is divided into eight chapters, each chapter of the main elements are as follows:
ChapterⅠ,It deals with deformation analysis of various theories and methods of the current dam monitoring and compares with their respective characteristics.It also discusses the main features of the finite element method, positive and negative analysis and simulation of research using the finite element method for deformation, development trends and characteristics of the dam deformation monitoring at home and abroad, and some problems in this afield.
The second chapter,It deals with deformation analysis of the basic principles of reconciliation and calculation methods of the finite element method, the type of finite element and finite element mesh partition method. It also explore respectively finite element method of the dam displacement in the water pressure, temperature loads, as well as calculation method of aging displacement with finite element method.
ChapterⅢ,Combining of the general-purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS, it studied the finite element analysis of dam specific process and steps, including how to build the finite element model of the dam, dam foundation and geological conditions treatment, how to determine load and boundary conditions,the temperature field and temperature displacement finite element analysis method with the temperature load conditions.
ChapterⅣ, It discusses the basic assumptions and basic concepts of the deterministic model, calculation method about water pressure displacement components, temperature displacement components and aging displacement components. It research the error analysis, deformation prediction method of the deterministic model.
ChapterⅤ,It discusses principles and methods of inversion analysis about material mechanical parameters of the dam and dam foundation combination with the finite element method.It studies the problems and their optimization of inversion analysis useing the deterministic model.
ChapterⅥ,It studies the different characteristics of the concrete dam deformation under load process.It also discusses the proposed method of the concrete dam displacement monitoring indicators.
ChapterⅦ, Combined with Geheyan Dam project, it analyses a simulation of its deformation using the finite element method, this paper studies the theory and method has been validated.
ChapterⅧ, The paper ends up with a summary and prospect of the mentioned research.
第一章阐述了目前大坝监控及变形分析的各种理论和方法,并对其各自的特点进行了比较；论述了有限元法的主要特点及采用有限元法进行变形正、反分析与仿真的国内外研究现状、发展趋势及特点,讨论了大坝变形监控中存在的一些问题。
第二章论述了有限元法变形分析的基本原理和解算方法,有限元单元的类型及有限元网格划分方法,分别探讨了大坝在水压、温度荷载作用下位移的有限元计算方法以及时效位移的有限元解法。
第三章结合有限元通用分析软件ANSYS,研究了大坝有限元变形分析的具体过程和步骤,包括大坝有限元模型的建立、坝基地质条件的概化处理、荷载施加及边界条件的确定、温度荷载条件下温度场及温度位移的有限元分析方法。
第四章讨论了建立确定性模型的基本假定及基本概念,研究了确定性模型中水压位移分量、温度位移分量及时效位移分量的表达形式和计算方法,分析了确定性模型的建立及其误差分析、变形预报方法。
第五章讨论了结合有限元法进行大坝及坝基材料力学参数反演分析的原理和方法,研究了利用确定性模型进行反演时存在的问题及其优化处理。
第六章研究了混凝土大坝在荷载作用下的变形过程及转异特征,讨论了混凝土大坝位移监控指标的拟定方法。
第七章结合清江隔河岩大坝实例工程,采用有限元方法对其进行了仿真变形分析,对本文所研究的理论和方法进行了验证。
第八章对全文的研究成果进行了总结,并提出了今后有待深入研究的问题。
Deformation monitoring, analysis and prediction of buildings is a matter of the edge of multi-disciplinary issue, and the method is proper and appropriate or not, directly affect the safety of buildings to determine the accuracy and reliability. Dam Deformation Analysis and Prediction involves a lotsof theoryes and methods,such as regression analysis, time series analysis, spectrum analysis, Kalman filtering method, finite element method, artificial neural network method, wavelet analysis method and system theory and methods. This paper main studies dam deformation analysis using finite element method to build the deterministic model of the dam deformation monitoring, in order to achieve the dam safety monitoring and surveillance.In addition, it also carried out the simulation analysis and anti-deformation analysis of dam. This paper is divided into eight chapters, each chapter of the main elements are as follows:
ChapterⅠ,It deals with deformation analysis of various theories and methods of the current dam monitoring and compares with their respective characteristics.It also discusses the main features of the finite element method, positive and negative analysis and simulation of research using the finite element method for deformation, development trends and characteristics of the dam deformation monitoring at home and abroad, and some problems in this afield.
The second chapter,It deals with deformation analysis of the basic principles of reconciliation and calculation methods of the finite element method, the type of finite element and finite element mesh partition method. It also explore respectively finite element method of the dam displacement in the water pressure, temperature loads, as well as calculation method of aging displacement with finite element method.
ChapterⅢ,Combining of the general-purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS, it studied the finite element analysis of dam specific process and steps, including how to build the finite element model of the dam, dam foundation and geological conditions treatment, how to determine load and boundary conditions,the temperature field and temperature displacement finite element analysis method with the temperature load conditions.
ChapterⅣ, It discusses the basic assumptions and basic concepts of the deterministic model, calculation method about water pressure displacement components, temperature displacement components and aging displacement components. It research the error analysis, deformation prediction method of the deterministic model.
ChapterⅤ,It discusses principles and methods of inversion analysis about material mechanical parameters of the dam and dam foundation combination with the finite element method.It studies the problems and their optimization of inversion analysis useing the deterministic model.
ChapterⅥ,It studies the different characteristics of the concrete dam deformation under load process.It also discusses the proposed method of the concrete dam displacement monitoring indicators.
ChapterⅦ, Combined with Geheyan Dam project, it analyses a simulation of its deformation using the finite element method, this paper studies the theory and method has been validated.
ChapterⅧ, The paper ends up with a summary and prospect of the mentioned research.
引文
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