急性低氧下甘肃鼢鼠心脏抗氧化酶及ATP酶活性研究
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摘要
甘肃鼢鼠(Myspalax cansus)是我国黄土高原特有地下鼠,终生营严格地下洞穴生活,生活环境是典型的低氧、高二氧化碳。为适应地下低氧环境,其结构和功能都出现了很多特化特征,在各层次上发展出良好的低氧适应机制。本研究以甘肃鼢鼠和SD大鼠为实验对象,分别对甘肃鼢鼠、SD大鼠进行急性低氧应激,分析比较两种动物心脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、Ca2+-ATP酶和Na+,K+-ATP酶活性的变化及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,旨在探讨甘肃鼢鼠心肌低氧适应进化机制,研究结果表明：
1.甘肃鼢鼠与SD大鼠相比,心脏SOD活性均高于SD大鼠,雌性甘肃鼢鼠组与雌性SD大鼠组在低氧2小时后有极显著差异(P<0.01),在低氧4、6、8小时后,SOD活性有显著差异(0.01 2.甘肃鼢鼠与SD大鼠相比,低氧应激4小时前,甘肃鼢鼠CAT活性低于SD大鼠,4小时后,甘肃鼢鼠CAT活性高于SD大鼠,雌性甘肃鼢鼠组与雌性SD大鼠组相比,只在4小时后出现显著性差异(0.010.05)。说明低氧应激4小时左右甘肃鼢鼠才启动CAT来清除体内过多的过氧化氢,CAT不是甘肃鼢鼠对抗自由基损伤的主要手段。
3.常氧状态下,甘肃鼢鼠体内GR活性极显著高于SD大鼠(P<0.01),不同时程低氧应激后,甘肃鼢鼠GR活性均高于SD大鼠,并且甘肃鼢鼠GR活性在0-2小时呈极显著上升趋势(P<0.01),说明甘肃鼢鼠可能将还原型谷胱甘肽作为其体内的主要抗氧化剂来清除体内急性低氧所产生的自由基,还原型谷胱甘肽和SOD是甘肃鼢鼠应对氧自由基主要手段。
4.甘肃鼢鼠MDA含量在不同时程低氧应激后变化不明显,与常氧相比无显著性差异(P>0.05)；雌性SD大鼠MDA含量极显著上升,与常氧比,各时程低氧应激都有显著性差异(0.01 5.甘肃鼢鼠Ca2+-ATP酶活性高于SD大鼠,不同时程低氧应激后,SD大鼠Ca2+-ATP酶活性呈波动趋势,与常氧比无显著性差异(P>0.05),甘肃鼢鼠Ca2+-ATP酶活性2小时应激组呈显著上升,高活性可维持2-3小时,保证甘肃鼢鼠细胞内的钙离子浓度维持在一个较稳定的水平,避免心肌纤维的损伤。
6.甘肃鼢鼠Na+,K+-ATP酶活性高于SD大鼠,不同时程低氧应激后,SD大鼠Na+.K+-ATP酶活性呈波动趋势,与常氧比无显著性差异(P>0.05)；雌性甘肃鼢鼠Na+,K+-ATP酶活性在应激2小时组和4小时组显著上升(0.01 总之,对甘肃鼢鼠在低氧状态下心脏抗氧化酶系及多种ATP酶的研究结果表明,甘肃鼢鼠主要通过SOD和还原型谷胱甘肽来清除由于低氧所产生的多余自由基；低氧状态下甘肃鼢鼠心肌Ca2+-ATP酶、Na+,K+-ATP酶活性的增高也保证了其心电活动正常,心率稳定,心脏活动处于良好状态。以上说明甘肃鼢鼠在长期低氧环境下,机体已经从个体、组织和细胞等方面产生不同的应答反应来维持内环境的稳定,从而减轻低氧对心脏的损伤,达到适应低氧的目的。
Gansu zokor is a unique subterranean rodent which lives on the loess Plateau of our country.This unique underground rats life-long living under the cave,it developed many mechanism to adapt its special circumstances at all levels.In my study, we used Gansu zokor and SD rats for the object, acute hypoxia stimulation, analysis and comparison of the level of SOD activity、CAT activity、GR activity、Na+,K+-ATPase activity、Ca2+-ATPase activity、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase activity and determinechanges of malondialdehyde (MDA) level.Trying to find the hypoxia adaptive mechanisms of Gansu zokors' myocardial.The results are as follows:
1. The level of SOD activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of SOD activity of SD rats. There was a very significant difference between female SD rats and female Gansu zokor at 2 hours of hypoxia(P<0.01).And There was significant difference between female SD rats and female Gansu zokor in hypoxia 4h、6hand 8h; There was significant difference between male SD rats and male Gansu zokor in the different terms of acute hypoxia(0.01 2. The level of CAT activity of SD rats was higher than the level of CAT activity of Gansu zokor before 4 hours of hypoxia;but the level of CAT activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of CAT activity of SD rats after 4 hours of hypoxia. There was a significant difference between female SD rats and female Gansu zokor after 4 hours of hypoxia (0.01 3. Under normoxia, the level of GR activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of GR activity of SD rats,and There was a very significant difference between them(P<0.01). There was significant difference between SD rats and Gansu zokor in the different terms of acute hypoxia(0.01 4. Compared with normoxia group,the MDA Content of Gansu zokor had no significant change in the different terms of acute hypoxia (P>0.05),But the MDA Content of female SD rats had a significant change in the different terms of acute hypoxia (0.01 5. The level of Ca2+-ATPase activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of Ca2+-ATPase activity of SD rats in the different terms of acute hypoxia. The level of Ca2+-ATPase activity of SD rats showed fluctuation tendency, Compared with normoxia group, The level of Ca2+-ATPase activity of SD rats had no significant change in the different terms of acute hypoxia (P>0.05). The level of Ca2+-ATPase activity of Gansu zokor showed a significant increasing tendency in two hours and 2-3 hours of activity can be maintained. In that case, Calcium concentration of Gansu zokor remained at a relatively stable level to avoid the damage of myocardial fibers.
6. The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of SD rats in the different terms of acute hypoxia. The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of SD rats showed fluctuation tendency, Compared with normoxia group, The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of SD rats had no significant change in the different terms of acute hypoxia (P>0.05). The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of female Gansu zokor showed a significant increasing tendency in four hours,and The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of male Gansu zokor showed a very significant increasing tendency in four hours. In that case, Sodium and potassium concentration of Gansu zokor remained at a relatively stable level to avoid the electrical activity of cardiac disorders, cardiac dysfunction.
In conclusion,studying on Antioxidant enzymes and some ATPase of Gansu zokor's myocardial in acute hypoxia showed that:Gansu zokor may smooth launch of its own mechanism to hypoxia from molecular,cellular level to the overall coordination,and to adapt hypoxia.
1.甘肃鼢鼠与SD大鼠相比,心脏SOD活性均高于SD大鼠,雌性甘肃鼢鼠组与雌性SD大鼠组在低氧2小时后有极显著差异(P<0.01),在低氧4、6、8小时后,SOD活性有显著差异(0.01
3.常氧状态下,甘肃鼢鼠体内GR活性极显著高于SD大鼠(P<0.01),不同时程低氧应激后,甘肃鼢鼠GR活性均高于SD大鼠,并且甘肃鼢鼠GR活性在0-2小时呈极显著上升趋势(P<0.01),说明甘肃鼢鼠可能将还原型谷胱甘肽作为其体内的主要抗氧化剂来清除体内急性低氧所产生的自由基,还原型谷胱甘肽和SOD是甘肃鼢鼠应对氧自由基主要手段。
4.甘肃鼢鼠MDA含量在不同时程低氧应激后变化不明显,与常氧相比无显著性差异(P>0.05)；雌性SD大鼠MDA含量极显著上升,与常氧比,各时程低氧应激都有显著性差异(0.01
6.甘肃鼢鼠Na+,K+-ATP酶活性高于SD大鼠,不同时程低氧应激后,SD大鼠Na+.K+-ATP酶活性呈波动趋势,与常氧比无显著性差异(P>0.05)；雌性甘肃鼢鼠Na+,K+-ATP酶活性在应激2小时组和4小时组显著上升(0.01
Gansu zokor is a unique subterranean rodent which lives on the loess Plateau of our country.This unique underground rats life-long living under the cave,it developed many mechanism to adapt its special circumstances at all levels.In my study, we used Gansu zokor and SD rats for the object, acute hypoxia stimulation, analysis and comparison of the level of SOD activity、CAT activity、GR activity、Na+,K+-ATPase activity、Ca2+-ATPase activity、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase activity and determinechanges of malondialdehyde (MDA) level.Trying to find the hypoxia adaptive mechanisms of Gansu zokors' myocardial.The results are as follows:
1. The level of SOD activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of SOD activity of SD rats. There was a very significant difference between female SD rats and female Gansu zokor at 2 hours of hypoxia(P<0.01).And There was significant difference between female SD rats and female Gansu zokor in hypoxia 4h、6hand 8h; There was significant difference between male SD rats and male Gansu zokor in the different terms of acute hypoxia(0.01
6. The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of Gansu zokor was higher than the level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of SD rats in the different terms of acute hypoxia. The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of SD rats showed fluctuation tendency, Compared with normoxia group, The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of SD rats had no significant change in the different terms of acute hypoxia (P>0.05). The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of female Gansu zokor showed a significant increasing tendency in four hours,and The level of Na+,K+-ATPase activity of male Gansu zokor showed a very significant increasing tendency in four hours. In that case, Sodium and potassium concentration of Gansu zokor remained at a relatively stable level to avoid the electrical activity of cardiac disorders, cardiac dysfunction.
In conclusion,studying on Antioxidant enzymes and some ATPase of Gansu zokor's myocardial in acute hypoxia showed that:Gansu zokor may smooth launch of its own mechanism to hypoxia from molecular,cellular level to the overall coordination,and to adapt hypoxia.
引文
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