新桥矿业公司含硫全尾矿综合处理技术研究
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摘要
铜陵化学工业集团新桥矿业公司是一个以铜硫为主的大型露天地下联合开采矿山。尾矿产出量31.34万t/a,尾矿中硫的含量达3～10%,且粘性较大。为解决含硫全尾矿处理技术这一重大难题,综合运用现场调研、文献检索、室内试验、半工业试验、工艺对比等手段,提出了新桥矿业有限公司高粘性含硫尾矿的综合处理技术方案。
(1)含硫全尾矿粒级细,渗透性能差,残留硫含量高,胶结体易膨胀破坏,输送搅拌困难,不是理想的充填骨料,但通过添加粉煤灰,可以消除上述缺陷。室内试验推荐最佳配比为水泥：粉煤灰：含硫尾砂=1：2：6。
(2)选矿尾水用作充填用水对试验结果影响不大,可实现工业水的循环利用。
(3)提出了含硫高粘性易结块全尾矿输送方案,以及兼顾西翼地下开采和未来东翼露天转地下开采需要的充填制备方案。
(4)在对当前充填系统评价基础上,通过改造充填站或者新建充填站的比较,得出了新建充填站符合矿业公司的长远规划的结论。
(5)综合考虑基建总成本、运营成本、最大充填倍线、管理难易程度和征地难易程度等指标,利用层次分析法和模糊综合评判模型,确定了充填站建设位置并提出可能遇到的难题的相应解决办法。
(6)建立了考虑基建投资贷款偿还经济品位的全尾矿资源化利用临界品位模型,估算新桥矿尾矿分区排放临界品位为5%。
(7)给出充填剩余尾砂的处理办法,干式堆存于选金厂临时干堆场。
Xinqiao Mining Corporation Ltd (shortly, "XMC") of Tongling Chemical Industry Group is a large copper-sulfur mine with the exploration of open-pit and underground mining. The output of tailings with great viscosity is 3.134 million tons every year. The sulfur content of the tailings varies between 3 and 10%. In order to deal with the serious problem of disposing of the tailings, the comprehensive technical treatment means of the crude tailings in XMC were discussed, based on detailed researches including field research, literature searches, laboratory testing, pilot tests and process comparison. Major conclusions are summarized as follows:
(1) Crude tailings in XMC are not qualified aggregates because of its fine particle size, poor permeability and high sulphur content. Fine size and poor permeability make the crude tailings are difficultly mixed and transported by gravity, and high sulfur content would easily damage backfill body due to its expansion function with cement. Fortunately, laboratorial tests show that drawbacks mentioned above could be elimated by addition of fly ash. The optimal dosage of cement, fly ash and crude tailings 1:2:6 in weight.
(2) The tap water can be replaced by mineral separation wastewater. In this way, it is possible to recycle industrial water.
(3) Transportation schemes of crude tailings with high viscosity and sulfur content were proposed. A backfill filling preparation scheme which can meet the requirement for both the original western underground mining and the future eastern underground extraction tansimted from open-pit was also suggested.
(4) Scientifical evaluation of original backfill site and comparision between a new site and improvement of old site indicated that a new bckfill site would be identical to the long-term planning of XMC.
(5) Possible backfill site position was recommended by comprehensive judgement using AHP method and the fuzzy mathematics. Such influencing factors as total infrastructure expenditure, operation costs, ratio of pipe length to backfill depth, and difficulties of daily management and land acquisition were taken into account in jugdement. Neccessary measures were also proposed in case of bakfill slurry could not transport into remote area by gravity flow.
(6) A model about computation of critical grade at which crude tailing can be recycled was constructed. Repayment of capital loan is also considered in the model. Case study gave that the critical grade estimated was about 5%.
(7)The disposing method of crude tailings beyond requirement of backfill in XMC was provided, that is dry depositing it at a temporary site near a gold concentrator.
(1)含硫全尾矿粒级细,渗透性能差,残留硫含量高,胶结体易膨胀破坏,输送搅拌困难,不是理想的充填骨料,但通过添加粉煤灰,可以消除上述缺陷。室内试验推荐最佳配比为水泥：粉煤灰：含硫尾砂=1：2：6。
(2)选矿尾水用作充填用水对试验结果影响不大,可实现工业水的循环利用。
(3)提出了含硫高粘性易结块全尾矿输送方案,以及兼顾西翼地下开采和未来东翼露天转地下开采需要的充填制备方案。
(4)在对当前充填系统评价基础上,通过改造充填站或者新建充填站的比较,得出了新建充填站符合矿业公司的长远规划的结论。
(5)综合考虑基建总成本、运营成本、最大充填倍线、管理难易程度和征地难易程度等指标,利用层次分析法和模糊综合评判模型,确定了充填站建设位置并提出可能遇到的难题的相应解决办法。
(6)建立了考虑基建投资贷款偿还经济品位的全尾矿资源化利用临界品位模型,估算新桥矿尾矿分区排放临界品位为5%。
(7)给出充填剩余尾砂的处理办法,干式堆存于选金厂临时干堆场。
Xinqiao Mining Corporation Ltd (shortly, "XMC") of Tongling Chemical Industry Group is a large copper-sulfur mine with the exploration of open-pit and underground mining. The output of tailings with great viscosity is 3.134 million tons every year. The sulfur content of the tailings varies between 3 and 10%. In order to deal with the serious problem of disposing of the tailings, the comprehensive technical treatment means of the crude tailings in XMC were discussed, based on detailed researches including field research, literature searches, laboratory testing, pilot tests and process comparison. Major conclusions are summarized as follows:
(1) Crude tailings in XMC are not qualified aggregates because of its fine particle size, poor permeability and high sulphur content. Fine size and poor permeability make the crude tailings are difficultly mixed and transported by gravity, and high sulfur content would easily damage backfill body due to its expansion function with cement. Fortunately, laboratorial tests show that drawbacks mentioned above could be elimated by addition of fly ash. The optimal dosage of cement, fly ash and crude tailings 1:2:6 in weight.
(2) The tap water can be replaced by mineral separation wastewater. In this way, it is possible to recycle industrial water.
(3) Transportation schemes of crude tailings with high viscosity and sulfur content were proposed. A backfill filling preparation scheme which can meet the requirement for both the original western underground mining and the future eastern underground extraction tansimted from open-pit was also suggested.
(4) Scientifical evaluation of original backfill site and comparision between a new site and improvement of old site indicated that a new bckfill site would be identical to the long-term planning of XMC.
(5) Possible backfill site position was recommended by comprehensive judgement using AHP method and the fuzzy mathematics. Such influencing factors as total infrastructure expenditure, operation costs, ratio of pipe length to backfill depth, and difficulties of daily management and land acquisition were taken into account in jugdement. Neccessary measures were also proposed in case of bakfill slurry could not transport into remote area by gravity flow.
(6) A model about computation of critical grade at which crude tailing can be recycled was constructed. Repayment of capital loan is also considered in the model. Case study gave that the critical grade estimated was about 5%.
(7)The disposing method of crude tailings beyond requirement of backfill in XMC was provided, that is dry depositing it at a temporary site near a gold concentrator.
引文
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