带填充墙钢交错桁架结构的抗震性能研究
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摘要
钢交错桁架结构体系的构件截面较小,填充墙对结构抗震性能的影响较大,有关的研究文献还未见发表。本文通过理论研究和数值分析探讨了填充墙对钢交错桁架结构抗震性能的影响,建立了用等效斜压杆代替填充墙的简化分析模型,给出了周期折减系数。研究了带填充墙钢交错桁架的抗震性能和屈服机制,指出了结构的薄弱杆件和薄弱层,提出了改善结构纵向屈服机制的抗震措施和有关填充墙及RC楼板的抗震构造设计建议,为我国正在编制完善的钢交错桁架结构体系设计规范提供技术参考。主要研究内容如下：
(1)基于带填充墙钢框架结构的实验研究,验证了仿真分析方法的可靠性。根据在水平外力作用下填充墙的应力分布规律,借鉴有关研究文献,建立了将填充墙简化为RC等效斜压杆的简化分析模型。考虑材料非线性、几何非线性和接触非线性,模拟填充墙与主体结构之间的钢筋连接及面面接触关系,对带填充墙钢交错桁架结构进行了数值模拟分析,验证了采用等效斜压杆模型进行结构非线性分析的可行性。
(2)提出了计取填充墙的刚度影响,带填充墙钢交错桁架结构周期折减系数的取值范围。通过对多个结构模型进行模态分析,研究了填充墙对钢交错桁架结构的自振周期及振型的影响。检验了等效斜压杆模型用于带填充墙钢交错桁架结构,进行模态分析的适用性。
(3)研究了带填充墙钢交错桁架结构在多遇地震作用下的抗震性能,提出了对结构底层进行抗震加强设计的建议。建立了多个带填充墙钢交错桁架结构的有限元模型,通过对钢交错桁架结构进行振型分解反应谱法和动力时程分析,比较了将填充墙用有限单元法分析、用等效斜压杆模型和不计填充墙的刚度进行分析的结构楼层顶点位移、层间位移角及基底剪力等分析结果,对钢交错桁架结构受填充墙影响的抗震性能进行了评价。
(4)研究了带填充墙钢交错桁架结构体系的抗震能力及屈服机制,提出了改善结构纵向屈服机制的措施。通过对结构进行能力谱分析,研究了与性能点相对应的结构顶点位移同抗震目标位移的关系,对结构横向及纵向的抗震能力进行了评估。通过对结构杆件的相对刚度设计是否合理、结构的整体安全性及结构整体塑性变形能力的研究,根据带填充墙钢交错桁架结构的塑性铰出铰顺序、铰的状态、塑性铰的分布规律及屈服机制,指出结构的薄弱构件及薄弱层。提出了在结构的纵向布置柱间支撑、增加底层钢柱的刚度及强度,有效改善结构屈服机制的建议。
(5)分析了填充墙对结构抗震性能的有利作用,结合工程设计及施工实践中的通常做法和结构使用过程中存在的墙体出平面稳定及装修维护等问题,对于带填充墙钢交错桁架结构提出了填充墙与主体结构连接的抗震构造设计要求。针对RC楼板是钢交错桁架结构纵向连接的重要构件,分析了填充墙对RC楼板在结构受力过程中的影响,提出了在结构设计中加强RC楼板局部配筋的抗震设计要求。
The member size of steel staggered truss structure system is smaller comparatively, the structure anti-seismic performance is influenced by infilled walls apparently, papers about the influence have not been published until now. In this paper, the theoretical investigation and numerical analysis of the influence are carried out for the anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structure with infilled walls. The model is built to do the analysis by the equivalent synclinal compressive pole instead of the infilled walls, the period reduction factors are recommended. Study on the yield mechanism and the anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls, the weak components and weak storeys are pointed out. The method is recommended to improve the yield mechanism of the longitudinal structure, some design advices about the anti-seismic construction measurement of infilled walls and RC slabs are suggested. What has been studied is to provide technical references for the design specifications of steel staggered truss structure system that is being compiled and updated in china.The main contents in this paper are as follows:
(1) Based on the experiment of steel frame structure with infilled walls, the process of numerical simulation analysis is tested and verified. The simplified analysis model of equivalent synclinal compressive pole instead of the infilled walls is built according to the stress arrangment regulation in the infilled walls and referring to the research works of infilled walls. The numerical simulation analysis is carried out for steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls considering the material nonlinearity、 geometric nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity simulating the relationships of steel bar links and face to face contact for the infilled walls with the main steel structure. It is verified to be workable to do the structure nonlinear analysis adopting the equivalent synclinal compressive pole model.
(2) The range of the period reduction factors is suggested for the steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls considering the stiffness of infilled walls. Study on the influence of the infilled walls for the steel staggered truss structure about natural period and modal of vibration based on many analysis models. The simplified analysis model of equivalent synclinal compressive pole is verified to be accurate for structure natural period analysis.
(3) The anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structure is studied under the frequent earthquakes. The proposal is suggested to enhance the anti-seismic design for the first storey structure. Many models of steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls are built and the response spectrum analysis and dynamic time history analysis are carried out. The results of the storey drift、the displacement of top point and the base shear forces are studied comparatively with three conditions including of ignoring the infilled walls stiffness、using the finite element method for infilled walls and adopting the equivalent synclinal compressive pole model. The anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structures is evaluated considering the infilled walls.
(4) Study on the seismic resistant capability and the yield mechanism of steel staggered truss structure system with infilled walls, the method is proposed to improve the yield mechanism of the longitudinal structure. The seismic resistant capability of structure for transverse direction and longitudinal direction are evaluated by working with the capacity graphs and the structure top point displacement relevant to the performance point comparing with the anti-seismic target displacement. Study on the structure relative stiffness design rationality、the structure overall safety and the structure overall plastic deformation capacity, based on the plastic-hinge sequence of appearance、the plastic-hinge capacity、the plastic-hinge distribution regularities and the yield mechanism of steel staggered truss structure with infilled walls, the structure weak components and weak storeys are pointed out. To improve the structure yield mechanism effectively, the method of adopting column bracing for the longitudinal structure and increasing the first storey steel columns stiffness and strength is suggested.
(5) The suggestion of anti-seismic design connections between the infilled walls and the main structure coulmns is proposed for steel staggered truss structure with infilled walls, based on the contribution of infilled walls for structure anti-seismic performance, considering the general connections during the project design and construction process、the out of plane stability problem of infilled walls and the decoration maintenance problem during the process of service. Due to the infilled walls are the important components for the longitudinal links of steel staggered truss structure, the anti-seismic enhanced reinforcement is suggested to be adopted for RC slabs at some regions in the structure design process. The analysis of RC slab is done considering the influence of infilled walls under the effect of external forces.
(1)基于带填充墙钢框架结构的实验研究,验证了仿真分析方法的可靠性。根据在水平外力作用下填充墙的应力分布规律,借鉴有关研究文献,建立了将填充墙简化为RC等效斜压杆的简化分析模型。考虑材料非线性、几何非线性和接触非线性,模拟填充墙与主体结构之间的钢筋连接及面面接触关系,对带填充墙钢交错桁架结构进行了数值模拟分析,验证了采用等效斜压杆模型进行结构非线性分析的可行性。
(2)提出了计取填充墙的刚度影响,带填充墙钢交错桁架结构周期折减系数的取值范围。通过对多个结构模型进行模态分析,研究了填充墙对钢交错桁架结构的自振周期及振型的影响。检验了等效斜压杆模型用于带填充墙钢交错桁架结构,进行模态分析的适用性。
(3)研究了带填充墙钢交错桁架结构在多遇地震作用下的抗震性能,提出了对结构底层进行抗震加强设计的建议。建立了多个带填充墙钢交错桁架结构的有限元模型,通过对钢交错桁架结构进行振型分解反应谱法和动力时程分析,比较了将填充墙用有限单元法分析、用等效斜压杆模型和不计填充墙的刚度进行分析的结构楼层顶点位移、层间位移角及基底剪力等分析结果,对钢交错桁架结构受填充墙影响的抗震性能进行了评价。
(4)研究了带填充墙钢交错桁架结构体系的抗震能力及屈服机制,提出了改善结构纵向屈服机制的措施。通过对结构进行能力谱分析,研究了与性能点相对应的结构顶点位移同抗震目标位移的关系,对结构横向及纵向的抗震能力进行了评估。通过对结构杆件的相对刚度设计是否合理、结构的整体安全性及结构整体塑性变形能力的研究,根据带填充墙钢交错桁架结构的塑性铰出铰顺序、铰的状态、塑性铰的分布规律及屈服机制,指出结构的薄弱构件及薄弱层。提出了在结构的纵向布置柱间支撑、增加底层钢柱的刚度及强度,有效改善结构屈服机制的建议。
(5)分析了填充墙对结构抗震性能的有利作用,结合工程设计及施工实践中的通常做法和结构使用过程中存在的墙体出平面稳定及装修维护等问题,对于带填充墙钢交错桁架结构提出了填充墙与主体结构连接的抗震构造设计要求。针对RC楼板是钢交错桁架结构纵向连接的重要构件,分析了填充墙对RC楼板在结构受力过程中的影响,提出了在结构设计中加强RC楼板局部配筋的抗震设计要求。
The member size of steel staggered truss structure system is smaller comparatively, the structure anti-seismic performance is influenced by infilled walls apparently, papers about the influence have not been published until now. In this paper, the theoretical investigation and numerical analysis of the influence are carried out for the anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structure with infilled walls. The model is built to do the analysis by the equivalent synclinal compressive pole instead of the infilled walls, the period reduction factors are recommended. Study on the yield mechanism and the anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls, the weak components and weak storeys are pointed out. The method is recommended to improve the yield mechanism of the longitudinal structure, some design advices about the anti-seismic construction measurement of infilled walls and RC slabs are suggested. What has been studied is to provide technical references for the design specifications of steel staggered truss structure system that is being compiled and updated in china.The main contents in this paper are as follows:
(1) Based on the experiment of steel frame structure with infilled walls, the process of numerical simulation analysis is tested and verified. The simplified analysis model of equivalent synclinal compressive pole instead of the infilled walls is built according to the stress arrangment regulation in the infilled walls and referring to the research works of infilled walls. The numerical simulation analysis is carried out for steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls considering the material nonlinearity、 geometric nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity simulating the relationships of steel bar links and face to face contact for the infilled walls with the main steel structure. It is verified to be workable to do the structure nonlinear analysis adopting the equivalent synclinal compressive pole model.
(2) The range of the period reduction factors is suggested for the steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls considering the stiffness of infilled walls. Study on the influence of the infilled walls for the steel staggered truss structure about natural period and modal of vibration based on many analysis models. The simplified analysis model of equivalent synclinal compressive pole is verified to be accurate for structure natural period analysis.
(3) The anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structure is studied under the frequent earthquakes. The proposal is suggested to enhance the anti-seismic design for the first storey structure. Many models of steel staggered truss structures with infilled walls are built and the response spectrum analysis and dynamic time history analysis are carried out. The results of the storey drift、the displacement of top point and the base shear forces are studied comparatively with three conditions including of ignoring the infilled walls stiffness、using the finite element method for infilled walls and adopting the equivalent synclinal compressive pole model. The anti-seismic performance of steel staggered truss structures is evaluated considering the infilled walls.
(4) Study on the seismic resistant capability and the yield mechanism of steel staggered truss structure system with infilled walls, the method is proposed to improve the yield mechanism of the longitudinal structure. The seismic resistant capability of structure for transverse direction and longitudinal direction are evaluated by working with the capacity graphs and the structure top point displacement relevant to the performance point comparing with the anti-seismic target displacement. Study on the structure relative stiffness design rationality、the structure overall safety and the structure overall plastic deformation capacity, based on the plastic-hinge sequence of appearance、the plastic-hinge capacity、the plastic-hinge distribution regularities and the yield mechanism of steel staggered truss structure with infilled walls, the structure weak components and weak storeys are pointed out. To improve the structure yield mechanism effectively, the method of adopting column bracing for the longitudinal structure and increasing the first storey steel columns stiffness and strength is suggested.
(5) The suggestion of anti-seismic design connections between the infilled walls and the main structure coulmns is proposed for steel staggered truss structure with infilled walls, based on the contribution of infilled walls for structure anti-seismic performance, considering the general connections during the project design and construction process、the out of plane stability problem of infilled walls and the decoration maintenance problem during the process of service. Due to the infilled walls are the important components for the longitudinal links of steel staggered truss structure, the anti-seismic enhanced reinforcement is suggested to be adopted for RC slabs at some regions in the structure design process. The analysis of RC slab is done considering the influence of infilled walls under the effect of external forces.
引文
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