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基于残余应力的航空薄壁件加工变形分析
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摘要
航空薄壁件结构复杂,精度要求高。残余应力及装夹应力容易使刚性差的薄壁件引起较大的加工变形,而传统工艺难以使其达到精度要求。为了解决加工变形问题,本文首先建立了薄壁件残余应力分布模型及变形分析模型,并都进行了实验验证;其次还对薄壁件在几种典型装夹情况下的变形进行了仿真分析。因此本文对航空制造中薄壁件的加工具有较强的指导意义。本文具体研究内容如下:
     1.建立了薄壁件基于残余应力场的静态力学模型。
     2.验证了用宏观应力释放法测试三维残余应力分布的可行性。
     3.从理论上分析并建立了薄壁件基于残余应力场的有限元动态加工模型和变形分析模型。
     4.开发了薄壁结构件基于残余应力场的加工变形分析软件。
     5.研究了薄壁件在几种典型装夹下的变形情况,并开发了基于装夹应力场的变形分析软件。
Many thin-walled structure components used in aero industries have complex structure and high machining accuracy. But because of their poor rigidity, it is easy to bring machining deformation caused by the existence of the residual stress and the fixing stress. It is difficult to ensure their machining accuracy using the traditional machining technique. To solve the machining deformation problem, the paper firstly establishes the distribution model and deformation analysis model of the residual stress, which are validated by the test. On the other hand, some typical fixing deformation is researched in this paper. The work has much directive meaning in the machining of many thin-walled components.The main work in this paper is concluded as follows.
    1 .Built the static mechanical model of the thin-walled components based on the
    residual stress. 2.Validated the feasibility to test the three-dimensional distribution of the residual
    stress through the majestic stress releasing method. 3.Analysed and built the dynamic machining model and deformation analysis model
    based on the residual stress of the thin-walled components in theory. 4.Developed the machining deformation analysis software based on the residual
    stress of the thin-walled components.
    5.Researched, some typical fixing deformation , and developed the fixing deformation analysis software.
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