农村远程教育平台建设和服务体系研究
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摘要
在农村地区开展远程教育,国外发达国家早已经开始,发达国家借助各种传播媒体,结合丰富的教学资源,使得农村远程教育在农村教育中的作用得到很大的发挥。随着信息技术的发展尤其Internet技术和卫星宽带技术的发展,远程教育呈现出广阔的发展前景。我国农村远程教育虽然起步稍晚,但是近年来发展较快,农村居民越来越多地利用远程手段获取教育信息和享受教育资源,乃至通过远程手段接受教育。但目前我国农村远程教育一直沿用单一的“广电模式”,正在开展的其他形式的农村远程教育系统时间不长,在远程教育体制轨制、远程教育技术支撑手段、以及远程教育质量与效率改进等方面还需要完善和深化。
本文在国内外已有研究成果综述的基础上,通过借鉴发达国家开展农村远程教育的经验与启示,客观评价我国农村远程教育发展状况,运用以规范分析为主、实证分析为辅的研究方法,从改进我国农村远程教育体系的运行效率、扩大农村远程教育的辐射密度和提高农村远程教育的服务质量等方面,研究强化我国农村远程教育平台建设和改进其服务体系的重点领域。
论文规划为五章,具体研究内容如下:
第一章为导论,主要是在综述和评价共内外研究成果的基础上,制定了本文的研究方案,即将研究目的确定为:总结归纳国内构建农村远程教育平台方面和服务体系建设的经验,为各地建设农村远程教育平台和服务体系建设提供参考,并提出对策和建议,将研究思路与方法确定为:坚持理论与实践相结合,以国内外农村远程教育理论为基础,在分析农村远程教育现状及存在问题的基础上,吸取国内外建立农村教育模式发展农村教育的成功经验,最后提出建立的农村教育模式实施的政策建议,将研究的创新点确定为:通过归纳整理提出了可供选择的符合实际的五种平台搭建的模式,提出了不同农村远程教育建设服务体系时可以参照的一般模式。
第二章为农村远程教育平台建设及服务体系现状及评价。在介绍目前在农村中小学、农村党员干部、广播电视学校、农村广播电视学校以及农科教联盟系统正在开展的农村远程教育的现状的基础上,分析了这几种远程教育的特点和存在的问题。结果表明我国在农村远程教育平台建设及服务体系建设方面存在投资渠道单一,使用效率低天网与地网脱节、远程教育资源的缺乏与浪费、远程教学、服务队伍的组织不健全,服务能力薄弱等问题。
第三章为农村远程教育的平台建设模式。围绕平台建设问题,分了功能、要求、模式建设和资源建设四个部分,认为农业信息资源建设为建设重点,提出卫星接收系统+投影设备(电视机)、卫星接收系统+局域网、卫星接收系统+多媒体电脑教学系统、卫星接收系统+有线电视系统、卫星双向接收发射系统(交互式)五种平台建设模式。
第四章为农村远程教育服务体系建设模式分析。围绕服务体系模式建设问题,运用实证分析的方法,分析目前五种正在开展的农村远程教育模式,提出了具有普遍意义的服务体系建设模式。
第五章农村远程教育平台和服务体系建设的建议与对策。提出制定农村远程教育服务体系建设整体规划、建设统一的农村远程教育宽带网络传输公共平台、开办省级农业电视频道、注重整合设备资源发挥设备资源的利用效率、完善农村信息化人才培养机制等方面对策和建议。
In rural areas, distance education, developed countries have already started, the developed countries through various media, with rich teaching resources, making long-distance education in the rural areas the role of education in the great play. With the development of information technology, in particular, satellite broadband and Internet technology, distance education has broad prospects for development. Although China's rural distance education started later, but it development fast in recent years. More and more rural residents use remote means of access to education information, to education resources, and to distance education as well. But long-distance education in rural areas has always been a single "Radio model," being carried out by other forms of distance education system in rural areas is not long. Remote education system in the rail system, technical support for long-distance education means, as well as distance education to improve the quality and efficiency, and other aspects need to improve and deepen.
In this paper, research achievements at home and abroad have been reviewed on the basis of least developed countries from the rural areas through distance education experience and enlightenment, that an objective assessment of China's development of distance education in rural areas, to standardize the use of mainly Empirical Analysis of secondary research methodologies, China's rural areas remote from improved operational efficiency of the education system, expansion of distance education in rural areas of radiation density and distance education in rural areas improve the quality of service, etc., the study to strengthen the building of rural distance education platform and improve its service areas of focus.
Planning papers for the five chapters, specific studies as follows:
Chapter 1, Introduction. On the basis of main synthesis and evaluation of internal and external research results, the purpose of research programmer will be defined as : summarizing the experience of construction of the domestic long-distance education platform and service system, to provide reference services, countermeasures and suggestions. The methods of research identified as: combining theory and practice, domestic and international long-distance education in rural areas, based on the theory, the analysis of long-distance education in rural areas and problems on the basis of lessons at home and abroad, to establish patterns of rural education development of rural education. The innovation will be defined as: raising through the inductive finishing options conform to the reality of the five platform structures and proposed a different distance education in rural areas, the building of service system can refer to the general pattern.
Chapter II, The evaluation of the status of rural distance education platform building and service system. On the basis of the status quo, In introducing present in rural primary and secondary schools, rural party members and cadres, radio and television schools, rural radio and television schools, as well as agriculture, science and education systems are being carried out by the long-distance education in rural areas of these types of long-distance education and the characteristics of the problems. The results show that distance education in rural China platform and service system in regard to the investment channels of a single, low efficiency in the use of Sky-net and detached from the network, tele-education and the lack of resources wasted, distance learning, teams do not improve the organization, weak capacity services , and other issues.
Chapter III,The model of rural tele-education platform construction. Construction on the platform, the function, requirements, model-building and resource building four parts, that the building of agricultural information resources for building focus and satellite reception system + projection equipment (TV set), satellite receiver system + LAN, satellite receiving system + multimedia computer teaching systems, satellite reception system + cable television system, a two-way satellite receiver launch systems (interactive) platform for building five models.
Chapter IV, Mode analysis of service system for rural distance education construction. Model building on the service system and make use of empirical analysis, analysis of the current five ongoing rural tele-education model proposed universal service system construction model.
Chapter V, The proposed countermeasures on rural distance education platform and service system construction. To develop rural distance education service system, to plan a unified, long-distance education public broadband network transmission platform, to build the provincial agricultural television channels, to play equipment resources to focus on integrating equipment efficiency in the use of resources, to improve the rural information personnel training mechanism, and other areas measures and suggestions.
本文在国内外已有研究成果综述的基础上,通过借鉴发达国家开展农村远程教育的经验与启示,客观评价我国农村远程教育发展状况,运用以规范分析为主、实证分析为辅的研究方法,从改进我国农村远程教育体系的运行效率、扩大农村远程教育的辐射密度和提高农村远程教育的服务质量等方面,研究强化我国农村远程教育平台建设和改进其服务体系的重点领域。
论文规划为五章,具体研究内容如下:
第一章为导论,主要是在综述和评价共内外研究成果的基础上,制定了本文的研究方案,即将研究目的确定为:总结归纳国内构建农村远程教育平台方面和服务体系建设的经验,为各地建设农村远程教育平台和服务体系建设提供参考,并提出对策和建议,将研究思路与方法确定为:坚持理论与实践相结合,以国内外农村远程教育理论为基础,在分析农村远程教育现状及存在问题的基础上,吸取国内外建立农村教育模式发展农村教育的成功经验,最后提出建立的农村教育模式实施的政策建议,将研究的创新点确定为:通过归纳整理提出了可供选择的符合实际的五种平台搭建的模式,提出了不同农村远程教育建设服务体系时可以参照的一般模式。
第二章为农村远程教育平台建设及服务体系现状及评价。在介绍目前在农村中小学、农村党员干部、广播电视学校、农村广播电视学校以及农科教联盟系统正在开展的农村远程教育的现状的基础上,分析了这几种远程教育的特点和存在的问题。结果表明我国在农村远程教育平台建设及服务体系建设方面存在投资渠道单一,使用效率低天网与地网脱节、远程教育资源的缺乏与浪费、远程教学、服务队伍的组织不健全,服务能力薄弱等问题。
第三章为农村远程教育的平台建设模式。围绕平台建设问题,分了功能、要求、模式建设和资源建设四个部分,认为农业信息资源建设为建设重点,提出卫星接收系统+投影设备(电视机)、卫星接收系统+局域网、卫星接收系统+多媒体电脑教学系统、卫星接收系统+有线电视系统、卫星双向接收发射系统(交互式)五种平台建设模式。
第四章为农村远程教育服务体系建设模式分析。围绕服务体系模式建设问题,运用实证分析的方法,分析目前五种正在开展的农村远程教育模式,提出了具有普遍意义的服务体系建设模式。
第五章农村远程教育平台和服务体系建设的建议与对策。提出制定农村远程教育服务体系建设整体规划、建设统一的农村远程教育宽带网络传输公共平台、开办省级农业电视频道、注重整合设备资源发挥设备资源的利用效率、完善农村信息化人才培养机制等方面对策和建议。
In rural areas, distance education, developed countries have already started, the developed countries through various media, with rich teaching resources, making long-distance education in the rural areas the role of education in the great play. With the development of information technology, in particular, satellite broadband and Internet technology, distance education has broad prospects for development. Although China's rural distance education started later, but it development fast in recent years. More and more rural residents use remote means of access to education information, to education resources, and to distance education as well. But long-distance education in rural areas has always been a single "Radio model," being carried out by other forms of distance education system in rural areas is not long. Remote education system in the rail system, technical support for long-distance education means, as well as distance education to improve the quality and efficiency, and other aspects need to improve and deepen.
In this paper, research achievements at home and abroad have been reviewed on the basis of least developed countries from the rural areas through distance education experience and enlightenment, that an objective assessment of China's development of distance education in rural areas, to standardize the use of mainly Empirical Analysis of secondary research methodologies, China's rural areas remote from improved operational efficiency of the education system, expansion of distance education in rural areas of radiation density and distance education in rural areas improve the quality of service, etc., the study to strengthen the building of rural distance education platform and improve its service areas of focus.
Planning papers for the five chapters, specific studies as follows:
Chapter 1, Introduction. On the basis of main synthesis and evaluation of internal and external research results, the purpose of research programmer will be defined as : summarizing the experience of construction of the domestic long-distance education platform and service system, to provide reference services, countermeasures and suggestions. The methods of research identified as: combining theory and practice, domestic and international long-distance education in rural areas, based on the theory, the analysis of long-distance education in rural areas and problems on the basis of lessons at home and abroad, to establish patterns of rural education development of rural education. The innovation will be defined as: raising through the inductive finishing options conform to the reality of the five platform structures and proposed a different distance education in rural areas, the building of service system can refer to the general pattern.
Chapter II, The evaluation of the status of rural distance education platform building and service system. On the basis of the status quo, In introducing present in rural primary and secondary schools, rural party members and cadres, radio and television schools, rural radio and television schools, as well as agriculture, science and education systems are being carried out by the long-distance education in rural areas of these types of long-distance education and the characteristics of the problems. The results show that distance education in rural China platform and service system in regard to the investment channels of a single, low efficiency in the use of Sky-net and detached from the network, tele-education and the lack of resources wasted, distance learning, teams do not improve the organization, weak capacity services , and other issues.
Chapter III,The model of rural tele-education platform construction. Construction on the platform, the function, requirements, model-building and resource building four parts, that the building of agricultural information resources for building focus and satellite reception system + projection equipment (TV set), satellite receiver system + LAN, satellite receiving system + multimedia computer teaching systems, satellite reception system + cable television system, a two-way satellite receiver launch systems (interactive) platform for building five models.
Chapter IV, Mode analysis of service system for rural distance education construction. Model building on the service system and make use of empirical analysis, analysis of the current five ongoing rural tele-education model proposed universal service system construction model.
Chapter V, The proposed countermeasures on rural distance education platform and service system construction. To develop rural distance education service system, to plan a unified, long-distance education public broadband network transmission platform, to build the provincial agricultural television channels, to play equipment resources to focus on integrating equipment efficiency in the use of resources, to improve the rural information personnel training mechanism, and other areas measures and suggestions.
引文
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[2] 陈斌龙.运用现代教育技术拓展教育新空间.现代教育技术,2002,(2):65-66
[3][4] 祝智庭:网络化学习的哲学思考,载于《计算机教育应用与教育革新》(97‘全球华人计算机教育应用大会论文集,1997 年 5 月于广州)
[5] 郭建鑫 孙素芬,现代远程教育技术在北京农村科技推广与信息服务中的实践研究,农业部信息中心,2003-06-12 http://www.agri.gov.cn/kjtg/t20030612_91091.htm
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