内蒙古维拉斯托铜多金属矿床矿区花岗岩类年代学与地球化学
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摘要
维拉斯托铜多金属矿床位于内蒙古大兴安岭中南段成矿带西坡,前人初步研究认为是与燕山期花岗岩有关的岩浆热液矿床。目前该矿床研究程度较低,系统的矿床地球化学工作尚未开展。
本文结合区域地质背景,通过对维拉斯托铜多金属矿床矿区花岗岩类岩石学、地球化学特征、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学的系统综合研究,探讨了该类侵入岩与矿床的关系,初步探讨矿床成因,主要取得到了以下几点结论:
(1)据SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄,矿区钻孔和地表出露的花岗岩类是323Ma侵位的一次花岗岩和308～298Ma侵位的一次闪长岩,成岩时代为海西中期。
(2)矿区两类花岗质岩石均属于钙碱性系列,亏损高场强元素Ti、Nb、Ta,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Cs和高场强元素Zr、Hf、Th、U,具有低的∑REE、弱Eu异常和重稀土相对于轻稀土分馏程度低的稀土配分模式。这些岩石地球化学特征,结合全岩相对高的εNd(t)值和低的ISr值,指示本区侵入岩的物质来源为壳源与幔源的混合来源,属于富角闪石钙碱性花岗岩类(ACG),其形成与俯冲带有关。
(3)结合该区晚古生代古亚洲洋俯冲消减的构造环境,推测维拉斯托矿区两类花岗岩类的形成过程为:俯冲引起幔源物质部分熔融并底侵至地壳某一深度(通常为下地壳底部),之后这些增生组份在短期内再次经构造-热事件发生部分熔融,在上侵过程中使久期循环的围岩(主要可能是锡林郭勒杂岩)受热熔融,这些重融的壳源物质不同程度的与增生组份岩浆混合或被带增生特征的岩浆同化混染,并最终侵位结晶。
(4)从年代学和地球化学特征两方面讨论了本区花岗岩类与矿床的关系,结果表明:本次研究的海西期花岗岩类不太可能为成矿提供成矿物质、热液和热动力,但很有可能作为矿质迁移的通道和沉淀的空间。
(5)基于对维拉斯托铜多金属矿床的矿体空间分布、矿石矿物组成和结构构造、围岩蚀变以及流体包裹体研究,本次研究认为维拉斯托铜多金属矿床属于中温热液脉状矿床,初步推断能够提供成矿物质的可能为深部更年轻的隐伏岩体。
Weilasituo Cu polymetal deposit is located in the western slop of middle-southern metallogenic belts in Da Hinggan Mountains of Inner Mongolia, and the previous preliminarily researched and thought that the deposit is magmatic hydrothermal deposit related to the Yanshanian granite. At present this deposit is not well researched, and systematic deposit geochemistry has not started yet.
Combined with regional geological background and integrated studies of petrology, geochemistry and SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology for the relationship between the granitic intrusions and deposit, and for the preliminarily analysis of metallogenesis can lead to the following conclusions:
(1)According to the SHRIMP U-Pb age, the granitoids in the mining area are granites intruded at c.a. 323Ma and diorites crystallized at c.a. 308～298Ma. Both of them are Hercynian granitoids.
(2)The two granitic rocks in the mining area both alkali calcic rocks, with high field strength elements(Ti, Nb, Ta ) depletion and large-ion lithophile elements (Rb, Cs) and high field strength elements (Zr, Hf, Th and U) enrichment. And it is also characterized by low∑REE, weak Eu anomaly, and relatively lower partition of the HREE. Those geochemistry characteristics, together with relatively highεNd(t) values and low ISr values, indicate that the origin of these intrusive rocks are mixtures of continental crust and mantle material, and belong to rich amphibole calc-alkalic granitoids, with subduction-related petrogenesis.
(3)According to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian ocean in late Paleozolc in this area, the petrogenesis processes of these two granitic rocks in the mining area are as follows: Partial melted mantle materials are induced by subduction, and then it underplated into crust with a certain depth ( often to the bottom of lower crust); thereafter, these accreted components partial melted during later tectono-thermal event again; during the upwelling of these material, the secular recycled wallrock were heated and melted; those remelting crust materials mixed and assimilated with the accreted components in different degree; and finally the mixed magma emplaced and crystallized.
(4) The relationship between the granitoids and deposit in this area are discussed in geochronology and geochemical characteristics, which shows the Hercynian granitoids in this study is not likely to provide mineral-formation materials, hydrothermal fluid or thermodynamic, but can performed as passageway or precipitation space for mineral transportation.
(5)Based on the study of the spatial distribution of mineral ore, mineral composition and structural tectonics, wall rock alteration and fluid inclusion, it is thought that the cupper polymetal deposit belongs to mesothermal deposit, and preliminarily deducted that younger hidden rocks mass in the deep could supply mineral materials.
本文结合区域地质背景,通过对维拉斯托铜多金属矿床矿区花岗岩类岩石学、地球化学特征、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学的系统综合研究,探讨了该类侵入岩与矿床的关系,初步探讨矿床成因,主要取得到了以下几点结论:
(1)据SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄,矿区钻孔和地表出露的花岗岩类是323Ma侵位的一次花岗岩和308～298Ma侵位的一次闪长岩,成岩时代为海西中期。
(2)矿区两类花岗质岩石均属于钙碱性系列,亏损高场强元素Ti、Nb、Ta,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Cs和高场强元素Zr、Hf、Th、U,具有低的∑REE、弱Eu异常和重稀土相对于轻稀土分馏程度低的稀土配分模式。这些岩石地球化学特征,结合全岩相对高的εNd(t)值和低的ISr值,指示本区侵入岩的物质来源为壳源与幔源的混合来源,属于富角闪石钙碱性花岗岩类(ACG),其形成与俯冲带有关。
(3)结合该区晚古生代古亚洲洋俯冲消减的构造环境,推测维拉斯托矿区两类花岗岩类的形成过程为:俯冲引起幔源物质部分熔融并底侵至地壳某一深度(通常为下地壳底部),之后这些增生组份在短期内再次经构造-热事件发生部分熔融,在上侵过程中使久期循环的围岩(主要可能是锡林郭勒杂岩)受热熔融,这些重融的壳源物质不同程度的与增生组份岩浆混合或被带增生特征的岩浆同化混染,并最终侵位结晶。
(4)从年代学和地球化学特征两方面讨论了本区花岗岩类与矿床的关系,结果表明:本次研究的海西期花岗岩类不太可能为成矿提供成矿物质、热液和热动力,但很有可能作为矿质迁移的通道和沉淀的空间。
(5)基于对维拉斯托铜多金属矿床的矿体空间分布、矿石矿物组成和结构构造、围岩蚀变以及流体包裹体研究,本次研究认为维拉斯托铜多金属矿床属于中温热液脉状矿床,初步推断能够提供成矿物质的可能为深部更年轻的隐伏岩体。
Weilasituo Cu polymetal deposit is located in the western slop of middle-southern metallogenic belts in Da Hinggan Mountains of Inner Mongolia, and the previous preliminarily researched and thought that the deposit is magmatic hydrothermal deposit related to the Yanshanian granite. At present this deposit is not well researched, and systematic deposit geochemistry has not started yet.
Combined with regional geological background and integrated studies of petrology, geochemistry and SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology for the relationship between the granitic intrusions and deposit, and for the preliminarily analysis of metallogenesis can lead to the following conclusions:
(1)According to the SHRIMP U-Pb age, the granitoids in the mining area are granites intruded at c.a. 323Ma and diorites crystallized at c.a. 308～298Ma. Both of them are Hercynian granitoids.
(2)The two granitic rocks in the mining area both alkali calcic rocks, with high field strength elements(Ti, Nb, Ta ) depletion and large-ion lithophile elements (Rb, Cs) and high field strength elements (Zr, Hf, Th and U) enrichment. And it is also characterized by low∑REE, weak Eu anomaly, and relatively lower partition of the HREE. Those geochemistry characteristics, together with relatively highεNd(t) values and low ISr values, indicate that the origin of these intrusive rocks are mixtures of continental crust and mantle material, and belong to rich amphibole calc-alkalic granitoids, with subduction-related petrogenesis.
(3)According to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian ocean in late Paleozolc in this area, the petrogenesis processes of these two granitic rocks in the mining area are as follows: Partial melted mantle materials are induced by subduction, and then it underplated into crust with a certain depth ( often to the bottom of lower crust); thereafter, these accreted components partial melted during later tectono-thermal event again; during the upwelling of these material, the secular recycled wallrock were heated and melted; those remelting crust materials mixed and assimilated with the accreted components in different degree; and finally the mixed magma emplaced and crystallized.
(4) The relationship between the granitoids and deposit in this area are discussed in geochronology and geochemical characteristics, which shows the Hercynian granitoids in this study is not likely to provide mineral-formation materials, hydrothermal fluid or thermodynamic, but can performed as passageway or precipitation space for mineral transportation.
(5)Based on the study of the spatial distribution of mineral ore, mineral composition and structural tectonics, wall rock alteration and fluid inclusion, it is thought that the cupper polymetal deposit belongs to mesothermal deposit, and preliminarily deducted that younger hidden rocks mass in the deep could supply mineral materials.
引文
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