通过调节松梢生长防治微红梢斑螟技术研究
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摘要
本文通过对松树喷施几种植物生长物质进行生长调控,研究了各种试剂对松梢生长调控效果、对松梢挥发性物质的作用、以及对微红梢斑螟幼虫生长和成虫嗅觉行为的影响,并进行了林间规模性防治试验和安全性评价测定。
主要结果如下:
1. GA3对马尾松等4种松树均有显著促进作用,PP333显著抑制马尾松枝和黑松枝的伸长生长,PP333显著抑制湿地松和马尾松枝的伸长生长,C2显著抑制湿地松和火炬松枝梢的伸长生长。
2.用顶空动态吸附法提取马尾松和湿地松的挥发性物质,经GC-MS鉴定出湿地松71种组分、马尾松63种,42种在两者中共存。
3.湿地松枝梢经过不同药剂处理后对微红梢斑螟幼虫生长产生的影响较低,在体重上与对照不产生显著性差异。
4.不同处理湿地松挥发性物质的洗脱液作味源,以“Y”型嗅觉仪测定微红梢斑螟成虫的嗅觉反应,结果表明,各处理(PP333外)均对其驱避效果明显。
5.林间防治结果表明:对于微红梢斑螟等松梢害虫危害率,处理梢的受害率明显低于对照,林间防治试验结果与抑制生长调控试验结果基本一致,PP333及C2处理梢的防治效果最佳。
6.安全性测定显示:7种湿地松2年生枝梢,基本密度、干物质含量及纤维素含量与对照间均未达到显著性差异,即药剂施用安全。
In this paper, several different plant growth substances were sprayed on the shoots of P. massoniana, P. thunbergii, P. elliottii and P. taeda with different concentrations in order to observe their effects on pine shoots growth and volatile substance.To the shoots treated with different plant growth substances,the influence on weight increasing of the larval Dioryctria rubellats, and olfactory response to adults have been also investigated. The control test in the field and safety evaluation test of the growth substances have been considered. The main results were as follows:
1. GA3 promoted the shoots length of all pine species significantly. In contrast, the shoots length of P. massioniana,P. elliottiiand P. thunbergii were restrained significantly by PP333 , and the shoots length of P. elliottii and P. taeda were restrained significantly by the complex preparation (C2),in different experiments.
2. The volatile substances of P. elliottii and P. massioniana shoots,were obtained by the method of Dynamic head-space. Using GC-MS technique, composition and relative contents of volatile organic compounds were analyzed, respectively.71 compounds from the volatile substances of P. elliottii shoots were identified,and 63 compounds of P. massioniana .42 compounds coexisted in both.
3. The influences of the D. rubellat larvae's weight increasing were not obvious compared with control,the larvae were fed with P.elliottii shoots treated with different growth substances.
4. The olfactory response of female adults to volatiles of pine shoots were tested with a "Y"-tube olfactometer.The results showed that the control attracted more adults than the volatiles treated with substances(except for PP333).
5. The control test in the field showed that it was efficacious in controlling the damage rate of D. rubellat and other pine tip moths.The results of field test was correspond with the results of the growth inhibition tests.PP333and C2 demonstrated best control efficiency of all.
6. For 7 different kinds of biennial shoots of P. elliottii (control and the shoots treated with diffrent kinds of substances), there were not significant differences between all the treated shoots and control in basic density, dry matter content,and cellulose content.It indicated that it's a safe method for pest control through regulating the growth of pine shoots.
主要结果如下:
1. GA3对马尾松等4种松树均有显著促进作用,PP333显著抑制马尾松枝和黑松枝的伸长生长,PP333显著抑制湿地松和马尾松枝的伸长生长,C2显著抑制湿地松和火炬松枝梢的伸长生长。
2.用顶空动态吸附法提取马尾松和湿地松的挥发性物质,经GC-MS鉴定出湿地松71种组分、马尾松63种,42种在两者中共存。
3.湿地松枝梢经过不同药剂处理后对微红梢斑螟幼虫生长产生的影响较低,在体重上与对照不产生显著性差异。
4.不同处理湿地松挥发性物质的洗脱液作味源,以“Y”型嗅觉仪测定微红梢斑螟成虫的嗅觉反应,结果表明,各处理(PP333外)均对其驱避效果明显。
5.林间防治结果表明:对于微红梢斑螟等松梢害虫危害率,处理梢的受害率明显低于对照,林间防治试验结果与抑制生长调控试验结果基本一致,PP333及C2处理梢的防治效果最佳。
6.安全性测定显示:7种湿地松2年生枝梢,基本密度、干物质含量及纤维素含量与对照间均未达到显著性差异,即药剂施用安全。
In this paper, several different plant growth substances were sprayed on the shoots of P. massoniana, P. thunbergii, P. elliottii and P. taeda with different concentrations in order to observe their effects on pine shoots growth and volatile substance.To the shoots treated with different plant growth substances,the influence on weight increasing of the larval Dioryctria rubellats, and olfactory response to adults have been also investigated. The control test in the field and safety evaluation test of the growth substances have been considered. The main results were as follows:
1. GA3 promoted the shoots length of all pine species significantly. In contrast, the shoots length of P. massioniana,P. elliottiiand P. thunbergii were restrained significantly by PP333 , and the shoots length of P. elliottii and P. taeda were restrained significantly by the complex preparation (C2),in different experiments.
2. The volatile substances of P. elliottii and P. massioniana shoots,were obtained by the method of Dynamic head-space. Using GC-MS technique, composition and relative contents of volatile organic compounds were analyzed, respectively.71 compounds from the volatile substances of P. elliottii shoots were identified,and 63 compounds of P. massioniana .42 compounds coexisted in both.
3. The influences of the D. rubellat larvae's weight increasing were not obvious compared with control,the larvae were fed with P.elliottii shoots treated with different growth substances.
4. The olfactory response of female adults to volatiles of pine shoots were tested with a "Y"-tube olfactometer.The results showed that the control attracted more adults than the volatiles treated with substances(except for PP333).
5. The control test in the field showed that it was efficacious in controlling the damage rate of D. rubellat and other pine tip moths.The results of field test was correspond with the results of the growth inhibition tests.PP333and C2 demonstrated best control efficiency of all.
6. For 7 different kinds of biennial shoots of P. elliottii (control and the shoots treated with diffrent kinds of substances), there were not significant differences between all the treated shoots and control in basic density, dry matter content,and cellulose content.It indicated that it's a safe method for pest control through regulating the growth of pine shoots.
引文
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