四种甘草的甘草酸与总黄酮含量及抗肿瘤活性比较
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摘要
本文以分布于新疆地区的胀果甘草(Glycyrrhiza. inflata Batal.)、光果甘草(G. glabra L.)、阿拉尔甘草(G. alalensis L.)和黄甘草(G. eurycarpa L.)等4种野生甘草以及不同采收时期的栽培光果甘草为材料;利用HPLC法测定所有材料甘草酸的含量,依照Nurmi等1996年提出的改良Folin-Ciocalteu法测定其总黄酮的含量;采用MTT法检测所有根和根茎样品对BCAP-37细胞的增殖抑制作用,Hoechst33258荧光染色法检测四种野生甘草根茎诱导BCAP-37细胞凋亡的作用。筛选出了活性成分含量最高的野生甘草种类和器官、药效最佳的野生甘草材料,确定了栽培光果甘草药效最佳的器官及最佳的采收时期。主要实验结果如下:
1.四种野生甘草中甘草酸和总黄酮的含量存在显著的种间差异和器官间差异,且同一种甘草的甘草酸和总黄酮含量也存在着显著的产地差异。甘草酸含量最高的器官为根茎,根茎中甘草酸含量最高的物种为焉耆县黄甘草;总黄酮含量最高的器官为叶片,叶片中总黄酮含量最高的物种为焉耆县胀果甘草。
2.四种野生甘草的活性成分对人乳腺癌BCAP-37细胞具有显著的增殖抑制与诱导凋亡的作用,且存在显著的种间与产地间差异。四种甘草中抗肿瘤活性最佳的甘草材料为阿拉尔甘草的根茎。
3.栽培光果甘草中甘草酸和总黄酮含量存在显著的季节差异、年龄差异和空间位置上的差异。甘草酸含量最高的器官是根茎,采收时节以3年生秋季根茎为最佳;总黄酮含量最高的器官为叶片,采收时节以3年生春季嫩叶为佳。
4.不同栽培光果甘草样品的活性成分对人乳腺癌BCAP-37细胞具有良好的增殖抑制作用,且存在显著的差异。药效最佳的光果甘草材料为1、2年生夏季根茎;栽培光果甘草的最佳采收材料为其主根和水平根,采收时期为第3年夏季。
In this article, four wild Glycyrrhiza species (Glycyrrhiza. inflata Batal., G. glabra L., G. alalensis L. and G. eurycarpa L.) distributing in Xinjiang and cultivated G. glabra L. of different collecting time were chosen as material. Content of glycyrrhizin was determined with HPLC and content of total flavones was determined with improved Folin-Ciocaltell developed by Nurmi in 1996. The anti-proliferation effects of all rhizome samples on BCAP-37 cell were measured by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis-inducing effects of four wild Glycyrrhiza were detected by Hoechst 33258 stain. As a result, we selected wild Glycyrrhiza species and organ which has the highest active component, and ascertained the optimal organ of cultivated G. glabra L. for medicinal utilization and the optimal collecting time. The main results were shown as following.
1. There were significant interspecific, interorganic, and spatial variations in contents of glycyrrhizin and total flavones among the four wild Glycyrrhiza species. The organ which contents the highest glycyrrhizin was the rhizome. The species which contents the highest glycyrrhizin was G. eurycarpa L. in Yanqi. The organ which contents the highest total flavones was the leave. The species which contents the highest total flavones was G. inflata Batal in Yanqi.
2. Active components of four wild Glycyrrhiza species inhibited the proliferation of BCAP-37 cells and induced apoptosis significantly. What’s more, there were significant interspecific and spatial variations in the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing effects. The optimal Glycyrrhiza species for anticancer utilization was G. alalensis L..
3. There were significant seasonal, annual and spatial variations in contents of glycyrrhizin and total flavones of cultivated G. glabra L. The optimal glycyrrhizin-utilized material was 3-year-old rhizome and the best season for harvest was autumn; The optimal material for flavones utilization was 3-year-old leaves and the best season for harvest was spring.
4. Active components of cultivated G. glabra L. samples of different collecting time inhibited the proliferation of BCAP-37 cells significantly. What’s more, there were significant variations. The optimal material for anti-cancer utilization were one-year-old and two-year-old rhizome. The optimal collecting material of cultivated G. glabra L. were taproot and horizon rhizome. The optimal collecting time was the summer of the third year.
1.四种野生甘草中甘草酸和总黄酮的含量存在显著的种间差异和器官间差异,且同一种甘草的甘草酸和总黄酮含量也存在着显著的产地差异。甘草酸含量最高的器官为根茎,根茎中甘草酸含量最高的物种为焉耆县黄甘草;总黄酮含量最高的器官为叶片,叶片中总黄酮含量最高的物种为焉耆县胀果甘草。
2.四种野生甘草的活性成分对人乳腺癌BCAP-37细胞具有显著的增殖抑制与诱导凋亡的作用,且存在显著的种间与产地间差异。四种甘草中抗肿瘤活性最佳的甘草材料为阿拉尔甘草的根茎。
3.栽培光果甘草中甘草酸和总黄酮含量存在显著的季节差异、年龄差异和空间位置上的差异。甘草酸含量最高的器官是根茎,采收时节以3年生秋季根茎为最佳;总黄酮含量最高的器官为叶片,采收时节以3年生春季嫩叶为佳。
4.不同栽培光果甘草样品的活性成分对人乳腺癌BCAP-37细胞具有良好的增殖抑制作用,且存在显著的差异。药效最佳的光果甘草材料为1、2年生夏季根茎;栽培光果甘草的最佳采收材料为其主根和水平根,采收时期为第3年夏季。
In this article, four wild Glycyrrhiza species (Glycyrrhiza. inflata Batal., G. glabra L., G. alalensis L. and G. eurycarpa L.) distributing in Xinjiang and cultivated G. glabra L. of different collecting time were chosen as material. Content of glycyrrhizin was determined with HPLC and content of total flavones was determined with improved Folin-Ciocaltell developed by Nurmi in 1996. The anti-proliferation effects of all rhizome samples on BCAP-37 cell were measured by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis-inducing effects of four wild Glycyrrhiza were detected by Hoechst 33258 stain. As a result, we selected wild Glycyrrhiza species and organ which has the highest active component, and ascertained the optimal organ of cultivated G. glabra L. for medicinal utilization and the optimal collecting time. The main results were shown as following.
1. There were significant interspecific, interorganic, and spatial variations in contents of glycyrrhizin and total flavones among the four wild Glycyrrhiza species. The organ which contents the highest glycyrrhizin was the rhizome. The species which contents the highest glycyrrhizin was G. eurycarpa L. in Yanqi. The organ which contents the highest total flavones was the leave. The species which contents the highest total flavones was G. inflata Batal in Yanqi.
2. Active components of four wild Glycyrrhiza species inhibited the proliferation of BCAP-37 cells and induced apoptosis significantly. What’s more, there were significant interspecific and spatial variations in the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing effects. The optimal Glycyrrhiza species for anticancer utilization was G. alalensis L..
3. There were significant seasonal, annual and spatial variations in contents of glycyrrhizin and total flavones of cultivated G. glabra L. The optimal glycyrrhizin-utilized material was 3-year-old rhizome and the best season for harvest was autumn; The optimal material for flavones utilization was 3-year-old leaves and the best season for harvest was spring.
4. Active components of cultivated G. glabra L. samples of different collecting time inhibited the proliferation of BCAP-37 cells significantly. What’s more, there were significant variations. The optimal material for anti-cancer utilization were one-year-old and two-year-old rhizome. The optimal collecting material of cultivated G. glabra L. were taproot and horizon rhizome. The optimal collecting time was the summer of the third year.
引文
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