多翼离心风机的CFD分析及其前后处理相关程序的开发
|
摘要
多翼离心风机具有大流量系数、大压力系数、小尺寸系数以及低噪声等突出优点,被广泛应用于空调行业中。运用现有的、较成熟的CFD商业软件对风机内部流场进行数值计算分析,已逐渐成为一种重要的技术手段。
本文进行了CFD前处理方面的开发。根据CFD参与现代叶轮机械的要求,在深刻理解、熟悉了大型建模参数化软件GAMBIT的基础上,采用面向对象技术和数据库技术,对GAMBIT软件进行捆绑式的二次开发。利用该建模参数化软件能够快速生成各种结构参数的多翼风机模型,大大节省了多翼离心风机前处理的时间。
利用建模参数化软件对十多种多翼风机在设计点进行了CFD数值模拟,与样本数据比较表明模拟值与试验值比较吻合。同时,对影响本文CFD分析精度的各种主要误差来源进行了讨论。在此基础上,对一款优良的机型进行了工况范围内的数值模拟。全面、准确地获得了多翼离心风机的内部流场信息,形象地再现了风机内部的流动情景。研究表明,多翼风机的内部流场呈现出非常复杂的三维特性。以此为基础,分别从电机、蜗壳宽度、叶轮宽度、蜗壳扩张度以及间隙等外部结构参数以及叶轮内径、叶片进出口安装角、叶片弦长、叶片数等叶轮参数两大方面进行了数值计算,对不同结构参数改变引起的内部流场以及风机损失的变化进行了分析和讨论,得出的一些有益的结论,为今后多翼离心风机的结构优化设计提供参考依据。
最后,讨论了作为风机数值模拟“后处理”之一的性能曲线绘图程序的开发。概述了性能曲线系统的算法依据、主要结构以及程序执行流程。对程序编制过程中遇到的主要问题以及一些关键技术给出了详细解释说明。
Multi-blade centrifugal fan has been widely used for air-conditional system because of its high flow coefficient, high pressure coefficient, small size and low noise. It has gradually been an important technical means to predict the internal flow structure of fan by using an existing, mature, commercial CFD package.
Based on the requirement of CFD application in modern turbo-machine and grasping GAMBIT that is a commercial preprocess code, the parameterized modeling program for multi-blade centrifugal fan utilizes OOP and database technologies to develop binding GAMBIT. By the parameterized modeling program, many kinds of multi-blade fans can be generated quickly, which helps to decline the time cost in developing new fans.
With the developed program, about ten common multi-blade centrifugal fans are simulated by CFD at design flow condition. Compared with the real tests, a good agreement is found at designing flow condition. At the same time, the error sources affecting the accuracy of CFD are discussed. And then, on the forementioned base, a common fan is simulated at all flow condition, and a comprehensive visualization is successfully executed to gain detailed flow field information and clear understanding of the entire flow field throughout this multi-blade forward-curved centrifugal fan. Calculation results disclose that the flow in the fan shows complicated three-dimensional characteristics. On this base,the similar numerical methods are carried out to understand the basic flow physics and the effect of various parameters such as the motor, the width of the volute, the width of the impeller, the distender of the volute, the clearance, the blade outlet angle, inlet angle, the blade chord length and the number of the blade. The internal flow field and loss of the fans are predicted and discussed. Some instructive conclusions have been derived from the simulate results. Which will be helpful to improve the performance of multi-blade centrifugal fan.
Finally, the development work of the program which is to draw fan performance curves and which is a“post-process”for CFD simulation is discussed. Mainly talks about the arithmetic, the structure and the executive process of the curve drawing system. Then discusses some problems and key techniques which are encountered during the development of the program.
本文进行了CFD前处理方面的开发。根据CFD参与现代叶轮机械的要求,在深刻理解、熟悉了大型建模参数化软件GAMBIT的基础上,采用面向对象技术和数据库技术,对GAMBIT软件进行捆绑式的二次开发。利用该建模参数化软件能够快速生成各种结构参数的多翼风机模型,大大节省了多翼离心风机前处理的时间。
利用建模参数化软件对十多种多翼风机在设计点进行了CFD数值模拟,与样本数据比较表明模拟值与试验值比较吻合。同时,对影响本文CFD分析精度的各种主要误差来源进行了讨论。在此基础上,对一款优良的机型进行了工况范围内的数值模拟。全面、准确地获得了多翼离心风机的内部流场信息,形象地再现了风机内部的流动情景。研究表明,多翼风机的内部流场呈现出非常复杂的三维特性。以此为基础,分别从电机、蜗壳宽度、叶轮宽度、蜗壳扩张度以及间隙等外部结构参数以及叶轮内径、叶片进出口安装角、叶片弦长、叶片数等叶轮参数两大方面进行了数值计算,对不同结构参数改变引起的内部流场以及风机损失的变化进行了分析和讨论,得出的一些有益的结论,为今后多翼离心风机的结构优化设计提供参考依据。
最后,讨论了作为风机数值模拟“后处理”之一的性能曲线绘图程序的开发。概述了性能曲线系统的算法依据、主要结构以及程序执行流程。对程序编制过程中遇到的主要问题以及一些关键技术给出了详细解释说明。
Multi-blade centrifugal fan has been widely used for air-conditional system because of its high flow coefficient, high pressure coefficient, small size and low noise. It has gradually been an important technical means to predict the internal flow structure of fan by using an existing, mature, commercial CFD package.
Based on the requirement of CFD application in modern turbo-machine and grasping GAMBIT that is a commercial preprocess code, the parameterized modeling program for multi-blade centrifugal fan utilizes OOP and database technologies to develop binding GAMBIT. By the parameterized modeling program, many kinds of multi-blade fans can be generated quickly, which helps to decline the time cost in developing new fans.
With the developed program, about ten common multi-blade centrifugal fans are simulated by CFD at design flow condition. Compared with the real tests, a good agreement is found at designing flow condition. At the same time, the error sources affecting the accuracy of CFD are discussed. And then, on the forementioned base, a common fan is simulated at all flow condition, and a comprehensive visualization is successfully executed to gain detailed flow field information and clear understanding of the entire flow field throughout this multi-blade forward-curved centrifugal fan. Calculation results disclose that the flow in the fan shows complicated three-dimensional characteristics. On this base,the similar numerical methods are carried out to understand the basic flow physics and the effect of various parameters such as the motor, the width of the volute, the width of the impeller, the distender of the volute, the clearance, the blade outlet angle, inlet angle, the blade chord length and the number of the blade. The internal flow field and loss of the fans are predicted and discussed. Some instructive conclusions have been derived from the simulate results. Which will be helpful to improve the performance of multi-blade centrifugal fan.
Finally, the development work of the program which is to draw fan performance curves and which is a“post-process”for CFD simulation is discussed. Mainly talks about the arithmetic, the structure and the executive process of the curve drawing system. Then discusses some problems and key techniques which are encountered during the development of the program.
引文
[1] ECK,B..通风机.第一版.沈阳鼓风机研究所等译.北京:机械工业出版社, 1983
[2] Kind,R.J.and Tobin,M.G..Flow in a Centrifugal Fan of the Squirrel-Cage Type.ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 1990, 112 (1): 84~90
[3] 商景泰.通风机手册.第一版.北京: 机械工业出版社, 1996
[4] 李庆宜.通风机.北京:机械工业出版社, 1981
[5] 林世扬,常贺英,刘友宏.多翼离心风机集流口流场模拟和优化设计. 流体机械, 1995, 23(9): 24~28
[6] 庄镇荣.集流器对前向多翼离心通风机性能的影响分析.风机技术, 2002(3): 14~15
[7] 黄宸武, 区颖达, 张吕超. 多翼离心通风机叶轮主要特征参数的试验分析. 风机技术, 2001(6): 9~11
[8] 黄宸武,区颖达,张吕超.空调多翼离心风机的试验研究.流体机械,2001, 29(8): 14~18
[9] 沈阳鼓风机研究所, 东北工业学院流体机械教研室.离心式通风机.机械工业出版社, 1984.6
[10] 赵复荣,郭志新,姚承范.提高多翼离心风机性能的试验研究. 流体机械, 1997, 25(2): 9~11
[11] 蒋恩臣, 蒋亦元.叶片宽度对锥体叶轮离心风机性能影响的试验研究. 农机化研究, 1995(2): 5~8
[12] 吴熹, 朱毅征. 小型多翼式风机试验结果分析. 流体工程, 1988, (9): 1~5
[13] 刘素勒, 林世扬, 林刚. 多翼离心通风机的优化.流体机械, 1996, 24(2): 28~31
[14] 秦国良. 多翼离心通风机变安装角性能计算. 风机技术, 1999(1): 21~28
[15] Susumu YAMAZAKI Ryohji SATOH.An Experimental Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Multi-Blade Blowers. in: 日本机械学会论文集.昭 61-12, B52(484): 3987~3992
[16] Dilin P.A computational and experimental evaluation of the performance of a centrifugal fan volute. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part A, Journal of Power and Energy [H.W Wilson-AST], 1998, 212(A4): 235~243
[17] 曹淑珍, 向水生, 葛江林. 离心风机蜗壳流场的试验研究.流体工程, 1990,18(4): 4~6
[18] 黄建德,张泉,陆火庆. 前向多叶离心风机蜗壳内流场的试验. 上海交通大学学报, 1999, 33(3): 285~288
[19] 张武高, 陈晓玲, 曹广军.影响离心蜗壳内速度场分布的流量因素. 流体机械, 1999, 27(9): 14~17
[20] 祁大同,姚承范, 朱营康. 离心风机蜗壳型线的改进设计与实验. 流体机械, 1995, 23(9): 9~12
[21] D Pan, A Whitefield,M Wilson. Design considerations for the volutes of centrifugal fans and compress.Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part C, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 1999, 213(C4): 401~411
[22] Susumu YAMAZAKI, Katsuhiko HASHIMOTO, Yoshinori FUKASAKU. Influence of Shape Change of Impeller and Scroll in the Axial Direction on Performance and Noise for Multiblade Blower. In: 日本机械学会论文集 . 1997, B63(614): 3325~3329
[23] Susumu YAMAZAKI, Ryohji SATOH, Yooichiro OHKUMA. An Experimental Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Multi-Blade Blowers. In: 日本机械学会论文集. 昭 62-6, B53(490): 1730~1735
[24] 林世扬, 刘素勒. 空调用多翼离心风机壳体参数的研究. 风机技术, 1983(4): 16~20
[25] S.Y.Han,J. S.Maeng. Shape optemization of cut-off in a multi-blade fan/scroll system using neural network.Internation Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer . 2003(46): 833~2839.
[26] 孙宇平. 蜗舌间隙及蜗舌倾角对离心风机旋转噪声影响的实验研究. 沈阳工业大学学报, 1994, 16(4): 21~27
[27] 王树立, 纪维礼. 低噪声离心通风机最佳蜗壳宽度的确定. 风机技术, 1992(4): 13~15
[28] 祁大同, K.Lam, M.J.Pomfre 等. 蜗壳型线二维设计的理论研究及分析. 西安交通大学学报, 1997, 31(8): 49~55
[29] 王树立, 纪维礼. 低噪声离心通风机最佳蜗壳宽度的确定. 风机技术, 1997(5): 3~6
[30] 流体机械译文集. 中国科学技术情报重庆分所,科学技术文献出版社重庆分社, 1980.4
[31] 周新祥. 小型离心风机噪声源的分析. 鞍山钢铁学院学报, 14(1): 79~85
[32] Fehse, K-R. Generation mechanisms of low-frequency centrifugal fan noise In:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.AIAA Journal.New York. 1999, 37(10): 1173~1180
[33] Shigeru Kadota, Kiyoshi Kawaguchi, Masahiko Suzuki. Experiment Study on Low-Noise Multi-blade Fan. 日本机械学会论文集. 1994, B60(570): 452~457
[34] 秦国良, 闻苏平, 李景银. 多翼离心通风机倾斜蜗舌降噪的实验与分析. 流体机械, 1997, 25(6): 8~10
[35] 陈花玲, 苏强, 张铁山. 多叶离心通风机气动噪声特性及其控制. 西安交通大学学报, 1995, 29(7): 14~20
[36] Kiyoshi Kawaguchi, Shigeru Kadota,Masashiko Suzuki. Experimental Study on Noise Reduction of Multi-blade Fan. 1994, B60(570): 458~463
[37] Sandra Velarde-Suarez, Carlos Santolaria Morros, Rafael Ballesteros Tajadura. Experimental study on the aeroacoustic behavior of a forward-curved blades centrifugal fan.Journal of Fluids Engineering, 1999, 121(2): 276~281
[38] 胡如夫, 芦亚萍, 林艳华. 离心式通风机的降噪试验研究. 风机技术 2001(2): 11~12
[39] 胡如夫, 俞大川. 离心式通风机的设计与改造中的降噪方法. 流体机械, 2000, 28(10): 32~34
[40] Noboru SHIMBARA, Yoshio KODAMA, Hidechito HAYASHI et al. Characteristics Of Fluid Dynamics and Noise of a Multiblade Radial Fan. In: 日本机械学会论文集. 1996-10, B62(602): 3642~3646
[41] Sandra Velarde-Suarez, Carlos Santolaria-Morros and Rafael Ballesteros-Tajadura. Experimental Study on the Aeroacoustic Behavior of a Forward-Curved Blades Centrifugal Fan. ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, 1999, 121(6): 276~281
[42] 蔡建程, 何鹏. 前向多翼离心通风机噪声的试验研究. 风机技术, 2002(4): 3~5
[43] 姜桐, 吴克启. 叶轮机械内部流动实验分析方法. 机械工业出版社, 1989.5
[44] 周建华. 前向多翼离心风机内部流场的可视化研究. 风机技术,1998(1): 11~13
[45] 顾建明, 陆明琦, 王晓玲. 改善离心风机进口气流的试验研究. 流体机械, 1997, 25(7): 3~6
[46] 吴克启, 王延觉. 离心风机进出口三维流场的实验研究. 气动实验与测量控制. 1992, 6(1): 12~15
[47] Susumu YAMAZAKI and Ryohji SATOH. An Experimental Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Multi-Blade Blowers. 日本机械学会论文集, 1987, B53 (485): 108~113
[48] Susumu YAMAZAKI, Katsuhiko HASHIMOTO, Yoshinori FUKASAKU. Influence of the helical Impeller and the Silencer within the Scroll on Performance and Noise for Multiblade Blower. In: 日本机械学会论文集. 1996-10, B62(602): 3654~3660
[49] R.J.Kind. Prediction of Flow Behavior and Performance of Squirrel-cage Centrifugal fans operating at Medium and high flow rates. Trans of the ASME. Journal of Fluid Engineering, 1997, 119(2): 639~646
[50] 王灿星, 林建忠, 宋向群. 多叶离心通风机内部流场的计算. 风机技术, 1997(8): 6~8
[51] Chen Xi, Kim Kwang-Yong, Kim Se-Yun. Numerical simulation of three-dimensional viscous flow in a multiblade centrifugal fan. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Fluids Engineering Division, 1996, 238(3): 647~652
[52] R.I., Xi, G. Simulation of the three-dimentional turbulent flow inside a centrifugal fan impeller. ASME, Fluids Engineering Division, 1996, 238(3): 631~637
[53] Ayder, E.. Numerical analysis of the three-dimentional swiring flow in Centrifugal compressor volutes. Transactions of the ASME, J.Turbomationary, 116: 462-468
[54] 游斌, E.E.Elhadi, 谢军龙. 多翼离心风机的三维数值模拟分析. 中国工程热物理学会流体机械学术会议论文集, 2002: 1~6
[55] Zhang, Y., Su, J., Wu, M., Cui, M.. Numerical Simulation of 3D Viscous Flow Field in Turbomachinery with Curved Blades. Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2001, 37(3): 11~3
[56] 吴克启. 风机蜗壳内部漩涡流动的数值分析. 工程热物理学报, 2001, 22(3): 316~319
[57] 王树立. 低噪声离心通风机进风口的设计计算. 流体机械, 1999, 22(5): 22~25
[58] K.Hillewaert, R.A.Van den Braembussche. Numerical Simulation of Impeller-Volute Interaction in Centrifugal Compressors. Trans.of the ASME, Journal of Turbomachinery, 1999(121): 603~608
[59] 黄修乾. 离心风机三元叶轮优化设计及实验研究. 甘肃工业大学学报, 1991, 17(4): 7~14
[60] 朱之墀,卢钰. 利用三维粘性流场分析提高风机设计说平. 风机技术, 1995(3):3~8
[61] 朱之墀, 唐旭东, 李嵩. 离心通风机叶轮气动设计工程方法的改进. 风机技术, 2001(3): 3~6
[62] 朱之墀, 黄东涛, 边晓东. 离心风机现代化设计方法研究. 中国机械工程, 1998, 9(8): 54~56
[63] 陈材侃. 计算流体力学. 重庆: 重庆出版社, 1992.12.
[64] 朱自强. 应用计算流体力学. 北京: 北京航天航空大学出版社, 1998.
[65] 马延文, 傅德薰. 现代计算流体力学. 北京: 北京航天航空大学出版社, 2002.4
[66] 苏铭德, 黄素逸. 计算流体力学基础. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1997.
[67] 蔡兆麟, 罗晟. 用有限体积法计算叶轮机械内三维粘性流动. 华中理工大学学报, 2000, 28 (9): 72~75
[68] J.N.Reddy, D.K.Gartling. The Finite Element Method in Heat Transfer and Fluid Dynamics. C.R.C.Press, 1994.
[69] 罗晟. 用有限体积法计算离心何混流叶轮内三维粘性流动: [华中理工大学硕士毕业论文]. 保存地点: 华中科技大学图书馆,2000
[70] 陶文栓. 计算传热学的近代进展.北京: 科学出版社, 2000.6.
[71] John D.Anderson, Jr, Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Applications The MIT Press, 1995
[72] 刘建群. 多重网格法及其在计算流体力学中的应用. 北京: 清华大学出版社. 1995.
[73] CFD 技术不再是“阳春白雪”-访国家计算流体力学实验室主任. 北京航空航天大学李椿萱院士. 家电科技, 2004(4): 11~15
[74] 郭菁, 董素艳. FLUENT-CFD 的领跑者. CAD/CAM 与制造信息化. 2004(03): 71~72
[75] 刘霞, 葛新锋. FLUENT 软件及其在我国的应用. 能源研究与利用. 2003(2): 36~38
[76] 王贤坤. 机械 CAD/CAM 技术、应用与开发. 机械工业出版社,2000(11): 11~15
[77] 周天孝, 白文. CFD 多块网格生成新进展. 力学进展. 1999, 29(3): 344~368
[78] Rubbert P E, Lee K D. Patched coordinate systems [J]. Applied Mathematics and Computation. 1982: 235~252.
[79] Mark Filipiak. Mesh Generation. The University of Edinburgh: Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre, November 1996.
[80] 李中云. 离心风机建模参数化及 CFD 分析的精度研究: [华中科技大学硕士毕业论文]. 保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆, 2004
[81] 王嘉冰. 柜式空调用多翼离心风机内流场的研究: [华中科技大学硕士毕业论文]. 保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆, 2003
[82] 孙家广, 许隆文.计算机图形学. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1986
[83] 谭明金.Visual C++图形编程技巧与实例. 2002
[84] 翟乃强. 基于 VC++的通用报表设计及打印: [青岛科技大学硕士毕业论文]. 2003
[85] 左文泉, 徐青. 前向多叶离心式通风机叶型的试验研究. 流体机械, 2003, 31(11): 15~20
[2] Kind,R.J.and Tobin,M.G..Flow in a Centrifugal Fan of the Squirrel-Cage Type.ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 1990, 112 (1): 84~90
[3] 商景泰.通风机手册.第一版.北京: 机械工业出版社, 1996
[4] 李庆宜.通风机.北京:机械工业出版社, 1981
[5] 林世扬,常贺英,刘友宏.多翼离心风机集流口流场模拟和优化设计. 流体机械, 1995, 23(9): 24~28
[6] 庄镇荣.集流器对前向多翼离心通风机性能的影响分析.风机技术, 2002(3): 14~15
[7] 黄宸武, 区颖达, 张吕超. 多翼离心通风机叶轮主要特征参数的试验分析. 风机技术, 2001(6): 9~11
[8] 黄宸武,区颖达,张吕超.空调多翼离心风机的试验研究.流体机械,2001, 29(8): 14~18
[9] 沈阳鼓风机研究所, 东北工业学院流体机械教研室.离心式通风机.机械工业出版社, 1984.6
[10] 赵复荣,郭志新,姚承范.提高多翼离心风机性能的试验研究. 流体机械, 1997, 25(2): 9~11
[11] 蒋恩臣, 蒋亦元.叶片宽度对锥体叶轮离心风机性能影响的试验研究. 农机化研究, 1995(2): 5~8
[12] 吴熹, 朱毅征. 小型多翼式风机试验结果分析. 流体工程, 1988, (9): 1~5
[13] 刘素勒, 林世扬, 林刚. 多翼离心通风机的优化.流体机械, 1996, 24(2): 28~31
[14] 秦国良. 多翼离心通风机变安装角性能计算. 风机技术, 1999(1): 21~28
[15] Susumu YAMAZAKI Ryohji SATOH.An Experimental Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Multi-Blade Blowers. in: 日本机械学会论文集.昭 61-12, B52(484): 3987~3992
[16] Dilin P.A computational and experimental evaluation of the performance of a centrifugal fan volute. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part A, Journal of Power and Energy [H.W Wilson-AST], 1998, 212(A4): 235~243
[17] 曹淑珍, 向水生, 葛江林. 离心风机蜗壳流场的试验研究.流体工程, 1990,18(4): 4~6
[18] 黄建德,张泉,陆火庆. 前向多叶离心风机蜗壳内流场的试验. 上海交通大学学报, 1999, 33(3): 285~288
[19] 张武高, 陈晓玲, 曹广军.影响离心蜗壳内速度场分布的流量因素. 流体机械, 1999, 27(9): 14~17
[20] 祁大同,姚承范, 朱营康. 离心风机蜗壳型线的改进设计与实验. 流体机械, 1995, 23(9): 9~12
[21] D Pan, A Whitefield,M Wilson. Design considerations for the volutes of centrifugal fans and compress.Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part C, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 1999, 213(C4): 401~411
[22] Susumu YAMAZAKI, Katsuhiko HASHIMOTO, Yoshinori FUKASAKU. Influence of Shape Change of Impeller and Scroll in the Axial Direction on Performance and Noise for Multiblade Blower. In: 日本机械学会论文集 . 1997, B63(614): 3325~3329
[23] Susumu YAMAZAKI, Ryohji SATOH, Yooichiro OHKUMA. An Experimental Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Multi-Blade Blowers. In: 日本机械学会论文集. 昭 62-6, B53(490): 1730~1735
[24] 林世扬, 刘素勒. 空调用多翼离心风机壳体参数的研究. 风机技术, 1983(4): 16~20
[25] S.Y.Han,J. S.Maeng. Shape optemization of cut-off in a multi-blade fan/scroll system using neural network.Internation Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer . 2003(46): 833~2839.
[26] 孙宇平. 蜗舌间隙及蜗舌倾角对离心风机旋转噪声影响的实验研究. 沈阳工业大学学报, 1994, 16(4): 21~27
[27] 王树立, 纪维礼. 低噪声离心通风机最佳蜗壳宽度的确定. 风机技术, 1992(4): 13~15
[28] 祁大同, K.Lam, M.J.Pomfre 等. 蜗壳型线二维设计的理论研究及分析. 西安交通大学学报, 1997, 31(8): 49~55
[29] 王树立, 纪维礼. 低噪声离心通风机最佳蜗壳宽度的确定. 风机技术, 1997(5): 3~6
[30] 流体机械译文集. 中国科学技术情报重庆分所,科学技术文献出版社重庆分社, 1980.4
[31] 周新祥. 小型离心风机噪声源的分析. 鞍山钢铁学院学报, 14(1): 79~85
[32] Fehse, K-R. Generation mechanisms of low-frequency centrifugal fan noise In:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.AIAA Journal.New York. 1999, 37(10): 1173~1180
[33] Shigeru Kadota, Kiyoshi Kawaguchi, Masahiko Suzuki. Experiment Study on Low-Noise Multi-blade Fan. 日本机械学会论文集. 1994, B60(570): 452~457
[34] 秦国良, 闻苏平, 李景银. 多翼离心通风机倾斜蜗舌降噪的实验与分析. 流体机械, 1997, 25(6): 8~10
[35] 陈花玲, 苏强, 张铁山. 多叶离心通风机气动噪声特性及其控制. 西安交通大学学报, 1995, 29(7): 14~20
[36] Kiyoshi Kawaguchi, Shigeru Kadota,Masashiko Suzuki. Experimental Study on Noise Reduction of Multi-blade Fan. 1994, B60(570): 458~463
[37] Sandra Velarde-Suarez, Carlos Santolaria Morros, Rafael Ballesteros Tajadura. Experimental study on the aeroacoustic behavior of a forward-curved blades centrifugal fan.Journal of Fluids Engineering, 1999, 121(2): 276~281
[38] 胡如夫, 芦亚萍, 林艳华. 离心式通风机的降噪试验研究. 风机技术 2001(2): 11~12
[39] 胡如夫, 俞大川. 离心式通风机的设计与改造中的降噪方法. 流体机械, 2000, 28(10): 32~34
[40] Noboru SHIMBARA, Yoshio KODAMA, Hidechito HAYASHI et al. Characteristics Of Fluid Dynamics and Noise of a Multiblade Radial Fan. In: 日本机械学会论文集. 1996-10, B62(602): 3642~3646
[41] Sandra Velarde-Suarez, Carlos Santolaria-Morros and Rafael Ballesteros-Tajadura. Experimental Study on the Aeroacoustic Behavior of a Forward-Curved Blades Centrifugal Fan. ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, 1999, 121(6): 276~281
[42] 蔡建程, 何鹏. 前向多翼离心通风机噪声的试验研究. 风机技术, 2002(4): 3~5
[43] 姜桐, 吴克启. 叶轮机械内部流动实验分析方法. 机械工业出版社, 1989.5
[44] 周建华. 前向多翼离心风机内部流场的可视化研究. 风机技术,1998(1): 11~13
[45] 顾建明, 陆明琦, 王晓玲. 改善离心风机进口气流的试验研究. 流体机械, 1997, 25(7): 3~6
[46] 吴克启, 王延觉. 离心风机进出口三维流场的实验研究. 气动实验与测量控制. 1992, 6(1): 12~15
[47] Susumu YAMAZAKI and Ryohji SATOH. An Experimental Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Multi-Blade Blowers. 日本机械学会论文集, 1987, B53 (485): 108~113
[48] Susumu YAMAZAKI, Katsuhiko HASHIMOTO, Yoshinori FUKASAKU. Influence of the helical Impeller and the Silencer within the Scroll on Performance and Noise for Multiblade Blower. In: 日本机械学会论文集. 1996-10, B62(602): 3654~3660
[49] R.J.Kind. Prediction of Flow Behavior and Performance of Squirrel-cage Centrifugal fans operating at Medium and high flow rates. Trans of the ASME. Journal of Fluid Engineering, 1997, 119(2): 639~646
[50] 王灿星, 林建忠, 宋向群. 多叶离心通风机内部流场的计算. 风机技术, 1997(8): 6~8
[51] Chen Xi, Kim Kwang-Yong, Kim Se-Yun. Numerical simulation of three-dimensional viscous flow in a multiblade centrifugal fan. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Fluids Engineering Division, 1996, 238(3): 647~652
[52] R.I., Xi, G. Simulation of the three-dimentional turbulent flow inside a centrifugal fan impeller. ASME, Fluids Engineering Division, 1996, 238(3): 631~637
[53] Ayder, E.. Numerical analysis of the three-dimentional swiring flow in Centrifugal compressor volutes. Transactions of the ASME, J.Turbomationary, 116: 462-468
[54] 游斌, E.E.Elhadi, 谢军龙. 多翼离心风机的三维数值模拟分析. 中国工程热物理学会流体机械学术会议论文集, 2002: 1~6
[55] Zhang, Y., Su, J., Wu, M., Cui, M.. Numerical Simulation of 3D Viscous Flow Field in Turbomachinery with Curved Blades. Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2001, 37(3): 11~3
[56] 吴克启. 风机蜗壳内部漩涡流动的数值分析. 工程热物理学报, 2001, 22(3): 316~319
[57] 王树立. 低噪声离心通风机进风口的设计计算. 流体机械, 1999, 22(5): 22~25
[58] K.Hillewaert, R.A.Van den Braembussche. Numerical Simulation of Impeller-Volute Interaction in Centrifugal Compressors. Trans.of the ASME, Journal of Turbomachinery, 1999(121): 603~608
[59] 黄修乾. 离心风机三元叶轮优化设计及实验研究. 甘肃工业大学学报, 1991, 17(4): 7~14
[60] 朱之墀,卢钰. 利用三维粘性流场分析提高风机设计说平. 风机技术, 1995(3):3~8
[61] 朱之墀, 唐旭东, 李嵩. 离心通风机叶轮气动设计工程方法的改进. 风机技术, 2001(3): 3~6
[62] 朱之墀, 黄东涛, 边晓东. 离心风机现代化设计方法研究. 中国机械工程, 1998, 9(8): 54~56
[63] 陈材侃. 计算流体力学. 重庆: 重庆出版社, 1992.12.
[64] 朱自强. 应用计算流体力学. 北京: 北京航天航空大学出版社, 1998.
[65] 马延文, 傅德薰. 现代计算流体力学. 北京: 北京航天航空大学出版社, 2002.4
[66] 苏铭德, 黄素逸. 计算流体力学基础. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1997.
[67] 蔡兆麟, 罗晟. 用有限体积法计算叶轮机械内三维粘性流动. 华中理工大学学报, 2000, 28 (9): 72~75
[68] J.N.Reddy, D.K.Gartling. The Finite Element Method in Heat Transfer and Fluid Dynamics. C.R.C.Press, 1994.
[69] 罗晟. 用有限体积法计算离心何混流叶轮内三维粘性流动: [华中理工大学硕士毕业论文]. 保存地点: 华中科技大学图书馆,2000
[70] 陶文栓. 计算传热学的近代进展.北京: 科学出版社, 2000.6.
[71] John D.Anderson, Jr, Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Applications The MIT Press, 1995
[72] 刘建群. 多重网格法及其在计算流体力学中的应用. 北京: 清华大学出版社. 1995.
[73] CFD 技术不再是“阳春白雪”-访国家计算流体力学实验室主任. 北京航空航天大学李椿萱院士. 家电科技, 2004(4): 11~15
[74] 郭菁, 董素艳. FLUENT-CFD 的领跑者. CAD/CAM 与制造信息化. 2004(03): 71~72
[75] 刘霞, 葛新锋. FLUENT 软件及其在我国的应用. 能源研究与利用. 2003(2): 36~38
[76] 王贤坤. 机械 CAD/CAM 技术、应用与开发. 机械工业出版社,2000(11): 11~15
[77] 周天孝, 白文. CFD 多块网格生成新进展. 力学进展. 1999, 29(3): 344~368
[78] Rubbert P E, Lee K D. Patched coordinate systems [J]. Applied Mathematics and Computation. 1982: 235~252.
[79] Mark Filipiak. Mesh Generation. The University of Edinburgh: Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre, November 1996.
[80] 李中云. 离心风机建模参数化及 CFD 分析的精度研究: [华中科技大学硕士毕业论文]. 保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆, 2004
[81] 王嘉冰. 柜式空调用多翼离心风机内流场的研究: [华中科技大学硕士毕业论文]. 保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆, 2003
[82] 孙家广, 许隆文.计算机图形学. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1986
[83] 谭明金.Visual C++图形编程技巧与实例. 2002
[84] 翟乃强. 基于 VC++的通用报表设计及打印: [青岛科技大学硕士毕业论文]. 2003
[85] 左文泉, 徐青. 前向多叶离心式通风机叶型的试验研究. 流体机械, 2003, 31(11): 15~20