基于GIS的城市地下管网综合管理系统的设计
摘要
随着我国城市规模的不断扩大和现代化程度的不断提高,大部分城市地下管网的管理都效率不高,容易造成诸多设计上的失误与施工中的事故。在维修、管理各种管线,特别是在设置新的管线时,对管线的挖掘和埋藏必须要避开已经存在的管线,这时对地下管网的管理和查询工作就非常重要了。从地下管网行业的特点和以上的现状来看,引入地理信息系统并构建在计算机的软硬件平台上,可以很好的解决这些问题。
论文将以城市地下管网的现状和特点为研究背景,着重研究客户端/服务器构架的城市地下管网地理信息系统的设计与实现,提出一种适合于城市地下管网管理系统的结构模型。内容主要由以下几部分组成:
1.首先介绍了国内城市地下管网的现状及存在的问题,论述了地理信息系统和一些基本概念、理论及方法。
2.阐述了系统的总体设计结构。
3.根据GIS的数据存储结构结合城市地下管线的特点,设计出适合城市地下管网行业特性的数据库结构,提出4种数据存储类型,采用大型关系数据库系统Microsoft SQL Server 2000作为后台数据服务器来管理城市地下管网的各种数据。
4.利用通用的数据库应用程序开发工具PowerBuilder开发应用系统的图形用户界面,并与所建立的后台数据库进行连接。
5.最后将专业地理信息系统软件MapInfo与PowerBuilder集成,实现管网数据可视化,作到属性数据与空间数据的有机结合。
Along with constant expansion of our national urban scale and advancement of modern degree, the management of most urban underground pipe network is inefficient, so there are many designed mistakes and project accidents. Mined and embedded the pipe must avoid present pipeline when we are maintaining and administering, especially setting new pipeline. Here managed and inquired about the underground pipe network is very important. According to actuality and features of underground pipe network industry, the application of Geography Information System with a software and hardware computer platform will solve these problems commendably.
This article takes the present situation and features of certain urban underground pipe network as researched background. It emphasizes on researching design and realization of urban underground pipe network GIS based on Client /Server. The author brings forward a structure which fits the urban underground pipe network management system. The content mainly is composed by the below several parts:
At first, the text introduces actuality and subsistent problems of our urban underground pipe network management system. And the author consults GIS and some of its basic conception, theory and method.
Second, the article expounds the system’s overall designed structure.
Thirdly, according to data storage structure of GIS and features of urban underground pipeline, the author design database structure which fit industry features of urban underground pipe network and bring forward four kinds of data storage types. And making use of the good-sized RDBMS as the background data server manages its data.
Fourthly, the author frames graphic user interface of applied system making use of PowerBuilder which is a universal implement of database application program. And then links up the founded background database.
At last, the author integrates PowerBuilder with MapInfo which is a professional GIS software. It can make the pipeline visual, and combine the spatial data with attribute data.
论文将以城市地下管网的现状和特点为研究背景,着重研究客户端/服务器构架的城市地下管网地理信息系统的设计与实现,提出一种适合于城市地下管网管理系统的结构模型。内容主要由以下几部分组成:
1.首先介绍了国内城市地下管网的现状及存在的问题,论述了地理信息系统和一些基本概念、理论及方法。
2.阐述了系统的总体设计结构。
3.根据GIS的数据存储结构结合城市地下管线的特点,设计出适合城市地下管网行业特性的数据库结构,提出4种数据存储类型,采用大型关系数据库系统Microsoft SQL Server 2000作为后台数据服务器来管理城市地下管网的各种数据。
4.利用通用的数据库应用程序开发工具PowerBuilder开发应用系统的图形用户界面,并与所建立的后台数据库进行连接。
5.最后将专业地理信息系统软件MapInfo与PowerBuilder集成,实现管网数据可视化,作到属性数据与空间数据的有机结合。
Along with constant expansion of our national urban scale and advancement of modern degree, the management of most urban underground pipe network is inefficient, so there are many designed mistakes and project accidents. Mined and embedded the pipe must avoid present pipeline when we are maintaining and administering, especially setting new pipeline. Here managed and inquired about the underground pipe network is very important. According to actuality and features of underground pipe network industry, the application of Geography Information System with a software and hardware computer platform will solve these problems commendably.
This article takes the present situation and features of certain urban underground pipe network as researched background. It emphasizes on researching design and realization of urban underground pipe network GIS based on Client /Server. The author brings forward a structure which fits the urban underground pipe network management system. The content mainly is composed by the below several parts:
At first, the text introduces actuality and subsistent problems of our urban underground pipe network management system. And the author consults GIS and some of its basic conception, theory and method.
Second, the article expounds the system’s overall designed structure.
Thirdly, according to data storage structure of GIS and features of urban underground pipeline, the author design database structure which fit industry features of urban underground pipe network and bring forward four kinds of data storage types. And making use of the good-sized RDBMS as the background data server manages its data.
Fourthly, the author frames graphic user interface of applied system making use of PowerBuilder which is a universal implement of database application program. And then links up the founded background database.
At last, the author integrates PowerBuilder with MapInfo which is a professional GIS software. It can make the pipeline visual, and combine the spatial data with attribute data.
引文
[1]华建源 地下管网信息系统中的数据存储性能改善技术探讨 地矿测绘 2005.21(3) 42-44
[2]Gerrit J. Carsjens and Arend Ligtenberg. A GIS-based support tool for sustainable spatial planning in metropolitan areas. Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 80, Issues 1-2, 28 March 2007, Pages 72-83
[3]连军 基于GIS的城市地下管线综合管理信息化研究 重庆大学硕士学位论文 2005.6
[4]李金平 薛泮成 孟祥来 城市地下管网信息系统设计与实现 测绘工程 2004 年 12 月第 13 卷 4 期 25-26
[5]罗云启 罗毅 数字化地理信息系统 MapInfo 应用大全 北京希望电子出版社 2001 14-136、348-503
[6]MapObjects and ArcSDE8 2000 http://www.esri.com
[7]Michael F.Goodchild The current status of GIS and spatial analysis. Geographical Systems. (2000)2:5-10
[8]Zhong- Wu Li, Guang - Ming Zeng, Hua Zhang, Bin Yang and Sheng Jiao. The integrated eco-environment assessment of the red soil hilly region based on GIS—A case study in Changsha City, China. Ecological Modelling, Volume 202, Issues 3-4, 10 April 2007, Pages 540-546
[9]益建芳 周琳琳 胡宾 张海玲 地理信息系统GIS自定义平台模型的研究与建立 影像技术 2005 年第 5-6 期 61-62
[10]张玉洁 地下管网综合管理系统的设计与实现 大连理工大学硕士学位论文 2003.3
[11]吴波 城市地下管网信息系统的设计与实现 西北大学硕士学位论文 2002.6
[12]刘剑锋 基于 GIS 的数字校园地下管网信息系统研究 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文 2004.4
[13]孙静 地理信息系统组件库管理系统开发研究 重庆大学硕士学位论文 2003.5
[14]卢丹 地下管网地理信息系统通用模型的设计与实现 哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文 2003.2
[15]粟小荣 城市自来水供水管网地理信息系统设计与实现 国防科学技术大学同等学历硕士学位论文 2005.5
[16]Richard L. Church. Geographical information systems and location science. Computers&Operations Research. 2002 (29) 545-550
[17]Baba Soumare, Stefano Tempia, Vittorio Cagnolati, Abdullatif Mohamoud, Guido Van Huylenbroeck and Dirk Berkvens. Screening for Rift Valley fever infection in northern Somalia: A GIS based survey method to overcome the lack of sampling frame. Veterinary Microbiology, Volume 121, Issues 3-4, 15 April 2007, Pages 249-256
[18]Jason J. Taylor, Daniel G. Brown and Larissa Larsen. Preserving natural features: A GIS-based evaluation of a local open-space ordinance. Landscape and Urban Planning. 13 March 2007
[19]Michael N. DeMers Fundamentals of Geographical Information Systems 第一版北京:电子工业出版社 2001 年 79-82、91-107
[20]L. M. Bloom, P. J. Pedler and G. E. Wragg Implementation of enhanced area interpolation using MapInfo. Computers & Geosciences, Volume 22, Issue 5, June 1996, Pages 459-466
[21]张飞 GIS 支持下公路管理系统的设计与开发 成都理工大学硕士学位论文 2006.3
[22]刘洋 城市综合管网信息系统的设计与实现 武汉大学硕士学位论文 2005.5
[23]D.Stevens, S.Dragicevic and K.Rothley iCity: A GIS-CA modelling tool for urban planning and decision making. Environmental Modelling&Software, Volume 22,Issue 6,June 2007, Pages 761-773
[24]雷伟刚 刘春 史惠春 城市地下管网的信息更新与辅助设计 测绘工程 2003.9 31-33
[25]张雨明 赵永红 袁亮 城市地下管网GIS总体设计研究 新疆石油学院学报 2001.12 76-78
[26]Kyushik Oh and Seunghyun Jeong. Assessing the spatial distribution of urban parks using GIS. Landscape and Urban Planning 27 February 2007
[27]范春波 城市综合地下管网信息系统的数据建库与远程数据维护 武汉大学硕士学位论文 2004.4
[28]崔杜武 姚全珠 范艳华 黑新宏 PowerBuilder8.0 从基础到应用 人民邮电出版社 2002.7 5-35
[29]Liquan Zhang, Jianping Wu, Yu Zhen and Jiong Shu. A GIS-based gradient analysis of urban landscape pattern of Shanghai metropolitan area, China. Landscape Urban Plan. 69(2004) 1-16
[30]李响等 一个实用的城市地下管网 GIS 数据结构 应用技术 (1999)55 15-19
[31]熊允泰 陈倬 北京市地下管网图形数据库系统的建设 GIS 应用论文专集 3-16
[32]Manhua Liu, Xudong Jiang and Alex Chichung Kot. Efficient fingerprint search based on database clustering . Pattern Recognition, Volume40, Issue 6, June 2007, Pages 1793-1803
[33]郭建文 澳门地下管网及地面交通地理信息系统 信息技术 1999.3 29-32
[34]Olga Brazhnik Databases and the geometry of knowledge. Data & Knowledge Engineering, Volume61, Issue2, May2007, Pages 207-227
[35]Christophe Cérin, Michel Koskas, Hazem Fkaier and Mohamed Jemni. Sequential in-core sorting performance for a SQL data service and for parallel sorting on heterogeneous clusters. Future Generation Computer Systems, Volume 22, Issue 7, August 2006, Pages 776-783
[36]Leonid Libkin. Expressive power of SQL.Theoretical Computer Science, Volume 296,Issue 3,14 March 2003, Pages 379-404
[37]R. M. Sonar Integrating Intelligent Systems using an SQL-database. Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 17, Issue 1, July 1999, Pages 45-49
[38]David Barrowman and Patrick Martin. The performance of SQL queries to an X.500 directory system. Computer Communications, Volume 21, Issue 2, 1 March 1998, Pages 133-146
[39]刘晓华 SQL Server 2000 数据库应用开发 电子工业出版社 2001.6 4-116
[40]杜军平,黄杰主编 SQL Server 2000 数据库开发 机械工业出版社 2001.8 33-97
[41]Ivica Crnkovic. Component-based software engineering-new challenges in software development. Software Focus 2001.2(4) 127-133
[42]J.McQueen Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate Observations. Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability vol.1,1967,Pages:281-297
[43]X.D.Jiang Extracting image orientation feature by using integration operator. Pattern Recognition 40(2)(2007)705-717
[44]Peter E.D.Love, Zahir Irani. A project management quality cost information system for the construction industry. Information Management. 2003(40): 649-661
[45]周钢 赵永军 方小伟 Powerbuilder 项目开发实践 中国铁道出版社 2003.8 113-148
[46]伍俊良 PowerBuilder 课程设计与系统开发案例 清华大学出版社 2003.1 207-259
[47]Wang Li-fu, Li Hua-ming. Application of PowerBuilder User Objects in Developing Distributed Programs. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.6 No.4 2001 822-825
[48]胡劲松 孙乐昌 PowerBuilder和MapInfo的集成开发技术 应用技术 2000.9 40-42
[49]侯方勇 白晓东 汪诗林 刘立新 OLE 自动化在 PowerBuilder5.0 中的应用 计算机工程与科学 1997.11 10-13
[50]黄丙湖 赵玉梅 VB 与 MapInfo 集成技术及实现 山东科技大学学报 2003.3 86-88
[51]张利军 长距离多点监控系统的研究与应用 天津工业大学硕士学位论文 2003.12
[52]中北大学新南区教职工住宅小区竣工图采暖纵面布置图 太原市市政工程总公司
[53]中北大学新南区教职工住宅小区竣工图新建管线坐标平面图 太原市市政工程总公司
[54](美)Michael Otey,Paul Conte 著 陈恩义译 SQL Server 2000 开发指南 清华大学出版社 2002 年 33-79
[55]龚波等编写 SQL Server 2000 教程 北京希望电子出版社 2002 年 21-100
[56]赛奎春主编 宋坤 李严 王国辉等编著 SQL Server 数据库开发实例解析 机械工业出版社 2006.1 31-79
[57]隆华软件工作室编著 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 程序设计 清华大学出版社 2001.10 5-66
[58]中北大学新南区教职工住宅小区第二标段自来水数据表 太原市市政工程总公司
[2]Gerrit J. Carsjens and Arend Ligtenberg. A GIS-based support tool for sustainable spatial planning in metropolitan areas. Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 80, Issues 1-2, 28 March 2007, Pages 72-83
[3]连军 基于GIS的城市地下管线综合管理信息化研究 重庆大学硕士学位论文 2005.6
[4]李金平 薛泮成 孟祥来 城市地下管网信息系统设计与实现 测绘工程 2004 年 12 月第 13 卷 4 期 25-26
[5]罗云启 罗毅 数字化地理信息系统 MapInfo 应用大全 北京希望电子出版社 2001 14-136、348-503
[6]MapObjects and ArcSDE8 2000 http://www.esri.com
[7]Michael F.Goodchild The current status of GIS and spatial analysis. Geographical Systems. (2000)2:5-10
[8]Zhong- Wu Li, Guang - Ming Zeng, Hua Zhang, Bin Yang and Sheng Jiao. The integrated eco-environment assessment of the red soil hilly region based on GIS—A case study in Changsha City, China. Ecological Modelling, Volume 202, Issues 3-4, 10 April 2007, Pages 540-546
[9]益建芳 周琳琳 胡宾 张海玲 地理信息系统GIS自定义平台模型的研究与建立 影像技术 2005 年第 5-6 期 61-62
[10]张玉洁 地下管网综合管理系统的设计与实现 大连理工大学硕士学位论文 2003.3
[11]吴波 城市地下管网信息系统的设计与实现 西北大学硕士学位论文 2002.6
[12]刘剑锋 基于 GIS 的数字校园地下管网信息系统研究 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文 2004.4
[13]孙静 地理信息系统组件库管理系统开发研究 重庆大学硕士学位论文 2003.5
[14]卢丹 地下管网地理信息系统通用模型的设计与实现 哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文 2003.2
[15]粟小荣 城市自来水供水管网地理信息系统设计与实现 国防科学技术大学同等学历硕士学位论文 2005.5
[16]Richard L. Church. Geographical information systems and location science. Computers&Operations Research. 2002 (29) 545-550
[17]Baba Soumare, Stefano Tempia, Vittorio Cagnolati, Abdullatif Mohamoud, Guido Van Huylenbroeck and Dirk Berkvens. Screening for Rift Valley fever infection in northern Somalia: A GIS based survey method to overcome the lack of sampling frame. Veterinary Microbiology, Volume 121, Issues 3-4, 15 April 2007, Pages 249-256
[18]Jason J. Taylor, Daniel G. Brown and Larissa Larsen. Preserving natural features: A GIS-based evaluation of a local open-space ordinance. Landscape and Urban Planning. 13 March 2007
[19]Michael N. DeMers Fundamentals of Geographical Information Systems 第一版北京:电子工业出版社 2001 年 79-82、91-107
[20]L. M. Bloom, P. J. Pedler and G. E. Wragg Implementation of enhanced area interpolation using MapInfo. Computers & Geosciences, Volume 22, Issue 5, June 1996, Pages 459-466
[21]张飞 GIS 支持下公路管理系统的设计与开发 成都理工大学硕士学位论文 2006.3
[22]刘洋 城市综合管网信息系统的设计与实现 武汉大学硕士学位论文 2005.5
[23]D.Stevens, S.Dragicevic and K.Rothley iCity: A GIS-CA modelling tool for urban planning and decision making. Environmental Modelling&Software, Volume 22,Issue 6,June 2007, Pages 761-773
[24]雷伟刚 刘春 史惠春 城市地下管网的信息更新与辅助设计 测绘工程 2003.9 31-33
[25]张雨明 赵永红 袁亮 城市地下管网GIS总体设计研究 新疆石油学院学报 2001.12 76-78
[26]Kyushik Oh and Seunghyun Jeong. Assessing the spatial distribution of urban parks using GIS. Landscape and Urban Planning 27 February 2007
[27]范春波 城市综合地下管网信息系统的数据建库与远程数据维护 武汉大学硕士学位论文 2004.4
[28]崔杜武 姚全珠 范艳华 黑新宏 PowerBuilder8.0 从基础到应用 人民邮电出版社 2002.7 5-35
[29]Liquan Zhang, Jianping Wu, Yu Zhen and Jiong Shu. A GIS-based gradient analysis of urban landscape pattern of Shanghai metropolitan area, China. Landscape Urban Plan. 69(2004) 1-16
[30]李响等 一个实用的城市地下管网 GIS 数据结构 应用技术 (1999)55 15-19
[31]熊允泰 陈倬 北京市地下管网图形数据库系统的建设 GIS 应用论文专集 3-16
[32]Manhua Liu, Xudong Jiang and Alex Chichung Kot. Efficient fingerprint search based on database clustering . Pattern Recognition, Volume40, Issue 6, June 2007, Pages 1793-1803
[33]郭建文 澳门地下管网及地面交通地理信息系统 信息技术 1999.3 29-32
[34]Olga Brazhnik Databases and the geometry of knowledge. Data & Knowledge Engineering, Volume61, Issue2, May2007, Pages 207-227
[35]Christophe Cérin, Michel Koskas, Hazem Fkaier and Mohamed Jemni. Sequential in-core sorting performance for a SQL data service and for parallel sorting on heterogeneous clusters. Future Generation Computer Systems, Volume 22, Issue 7, August 2006, Pages 776-783
[36]Leonid Libkin. Expressive power of SQL.Theoretical Computer Science, Volume 296,Issue 3,14 March 2003, Pages 379-404
[37]R. M. Sonar Integrating Intelligent Systems using an SQL-database. Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 17, Issue 1, July 1999, Pages 45-49
[38]David Barrowman and Patrick Martin. The performance of SQL queries to an X.500 directory system. Computer Communications, Volume 21, Issue 2, 1 March 1998, Pages 133-146
[39]刘晓华 SQL Server 2000 数据库应用开发 电子工业出版社 2001.6 4-116
[40]杜军平,黄杰主编 SQL Server 2000 数据库开发 机械工业出版社 2001.8 33-97
[41]Ivica Crnkovic. Component-based software engineering-new challenges in software development. Software Focus 2001.2(4) 127-133
[42]J.McQueen Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate Observations. Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability vol.1,1967,Pages:281-297
[43]X.D.Jiang Extracting image orientation feature by using integration operator. Pattern Recognition 40(2)(2007)705-717
[44]Peter E.D.Love, Zahir Irani. A project management quality cost information system for the construction industry. Information Management. 2003(40): 649-661
[45]周钢 赵永军 方小伟 Powerbuilder 项目开发实践 中国铁道出版社 2003.8 113-148
[46]伍俊良 PowerBuilder 课程设计与系统开发案例 清华大学出版社 2003.1 207-259
[47]Wang Li-fu, Li Hua-ming. Application of PowerBuilder User Objects in Developing Distributed Programs. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.6 No.4 2001 822-825
[48]胡劲松 孙乐昌 PowerBuilder和MapInfo的集成开发技术 应用技术 2000.9 40-42
[49]侯方勇 白晓东 汪诗林 刘立新 OLE 自动化在 PowerBuilder5.0 中的应用 计算机工程与科学 1997.11 10-13
[50]黄丙湖 赵玉梅 VB 与 MapInfo 集成技术及实现 山东科技大学学报 2003.3 86-88
[51]张利军 长距离多点监控系统的研究与应用 天津工业大学硕士学位论文 2003.12
[52]中北大学新南区教职工住宅小区竣工图采暖纵面布置图 太原市市政工程总公司
[53]中北大学新南区教职工住宅小区竣工图新建管线坐标平面图 太原市市政工程总公司
[54](美)Michael Otey,Paul Conte 著 陈恩义译 SQL Server 2000 开发指南 清华大学出版社 2002 年 33-79
[55]龚波等编写 SQL Server 2000 教程 北京希望电子出版社 2002 年 21-100
[56]赛奎春主编 宋坤 李严 王国辉等编著 SQL Server 数据库开发实例解析 机械工业出版社 2006.1 31-79
[57]隆华软件工作室编著 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 程序设计 清华大学出版社 2001.10 5-66
[58]中北大学新南区教职工住宅小区第二标段自来水数据表 太原市市政工程总公司
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