污泥调理及深度脱水研究
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摘要
污泥深度脱水可以大大减小污泥的体积,降低管理、运输、处理成本,便于后续脱水污泥的资源化利用。污泥的化学及物理调理是改善污泥脱水性能最有效、最常用的方法,目前常用的调理剂在经济和环境效益上都存在着一些缺点,由此本文采用生物质废弃物制备了GLT调理剂,研究了GLT调理剂及超声辐照对污泥脱水性能的影响及其机理,得到的结论如下：
以生物质废弃物制备的GLT调理剂,为固体颗粒,表面具有丰富的含氧基团；GLT加入生活污泥,进行离子交换,交换出的钙、镁离子使得部分胞外聚合物降解；随GLT加量的增加,调理污泥的比阻和污泥脱水后的含水率也降低,最低可为58.98%wt,相比空白组(含水率为69.45%)下降了10.47%。
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)显著改善污泥的沉降性能,适当的加量可减小污泥的比阻,但对污泥的颗粒结构影响不大,调理后的污泥难以深度脱水。
二者协同作用既改善污泥的沉降性能,又能作用污泥絮体的表面结构,降解部分有机物,释放出钙镁离子,提高污泥的脱水能力,实验条件下,调理污泥深度脱水后,含水率降低至55.85%wt。
超声具有很强的污泥破壁能力,超声参数影响很大,超声功率增大或作用时间延长,胞外聚合物降解程度越大,水相中Ca2+、Mg2浓度和COD值越高,辐照后的污泥比阻和深度脱水的含水率先降低后升高。
If deep dewatering of it can be obtained, then the sludge volume can be reduced greatly, and costs of management, transportation and treatment can be lowed, and it will be helpful for the utilization of the dewatered sludge as resource. Chemical and physical conditioning means of sewage sludge are the most efficient and commonly used methods used to improve its dewatering performance. Polyacrylamide is one of the most used conditioners, however, there are a lot of disadvantage in economic and environmental benefits for it. Thus, GLT conditioner was prepared with biomass wastes, and effects of GLT and ultrasonic irradiation on dewatering performance of sewage sludge and related action mechanism were investigated. The main conclusions obtained are as follows:
GLT conditioner prepared with biomass wastes, is an incompressible solid particles with abundant surface groups containing oxygen. GLT can absorb fine sludge particles when added to the sewage sludge with 99%wt of water content, and exchange ions with bio-cells in sewage sludge, and Ca2+ and Mg2+ exchanged from it caused chemical environment in the cells to lose balance, which led to extracellular polymer degradation. As GLT addition dosage increased, specific resistance (SRF) of the conditioned sludge dropped, Water ratio of the sludge can be reduced to 58.98%wt which is down by 10.47% compared with the blank experiment.
Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) can markedly improve the sedimentation properties and the filtration speed of the sludge, and some degree reduction of SRF was obtained by moderate dosage. But CPAM had no effects on the sludge particles structure in the aqueous phase, and it was difficult in obtaining deep dewatering of the sludge.
GLT had a good synergistic effect with the CPAM. The synergistic effect not only improved the sludge settling properties, but also had effect on surface structures of sludge flocs, which caused degradation of some organic matter, and release of calcium and magnesium ions, and thus improved sludge dewatering performance. Under the experimental conditions, water ratio of the conditioned sludge after deep dewatering, was down to 55.85%wt.
Ultrasound had strong breaking action on cell wall in the sludge. The ultrasonic parameters had significant effects. The higher ultrasound power or the longer action time was, the more extracellular polymers degraded, and the higher concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and COD in the aqueous phase were. In the case with no conditioners, SRF and deep dewatering performance of the irradiated sludge first reduced and then increased with the increase of the sludge degradation.
以生物质废弃物制备的GLT调理剂,为固体颗粒,表面具有丰富的含氧基团；GLT加入生活污泥,进行离子交换,交换出的钙、镁离子使得部分胞外聚合物降解；随GLT加量的增加,调理污泥的比阻和污泥脱水后的含水率也降低,最低可为58.98%wt,相比空白组(含水率为69.45%)下降了10.47%。
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)显著改善污泥的沉降性能,适当的加量可减小污泥的比阻,但对污泥的颗粒结构影响不大,调理后的污泥难以深度脱水。
二者协同作用既改善污泥的沉降性能,又能作用污泥絮体的表面结构,降解部分有机物,释放出钙镁离子,提高污泥的脱水能力,实验条件下,调理污泥深度脱水后,含水率降低至55.85%wt。
超声具有很强的污泥破壁能力,超声参数影响很大,超声功率增大或作用时间延长,胞外聚合物降解程度越大,水相中Ca2+、Mg2浓度和COD值越高,辐照后的污泥比阻和深度脱水的含水率先降低后升高。
If deep dewatering of it can be obtained, then the sludge volume can be reduced greatly, and costs of management, transportation and treatment can be lowed, and it will be helpful for the utilization of the dewatered sludge as resource. Chemical and physical conditioning means of sewage sludge are the most efficient and commonly used methods used to improve its dewatering performance. Polyacrylamide is one of the most used conditioners, however, there are a lot of disadvantage in economic and environmental benefits for it. Thus, GLT conditioner was prepared with biomass wastes, and effects of GLT and ultrasonic irradiation on dewatering performance of sewage sludge and related action mechanism were investigated. The main conclusions obtained are as follows:
GLT conditioner prepared with biomass wastes, is an incompressible solid particles with abundant surface groups containing oxygen. GLT can absorb fine sludge particles when added to the sewage sludge with 99%wt of water content, and exchange ions with bio-cells in sewage sludge, and Ca2+ and Mg2+ exchanged from it caused chemical environment in the cells to lose balance, which led to extracellular polymer degradation. As GLT addition dosage increased, specific resistance (SRF) of the conditioned sludge dropped, Water ratio of the sludge can be reduced to 58.98%wt which is down by 10.47% compared with the blank experiment.
Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) can markedly improve the sedimentation properties and the filtration speed of the sludge, and some degree reduction of SRF was obtained by moderate dosage. But CPAM had no effects on the sludge particles structure in the aqueous phase, and it was difficult in obtaining deep dewatering of the sludge.
GLT had a good synergistic effect with the CPAM. The synergistic effect not only improved the sludge settling properties, but also had effect on surface structures of sludge flocs, which caused degradation of some organic matter, and release of calcium and magnesium ions, and thus improved sludge dewatering performance. Under the experimental conditions, water ratio of the conditioned sludge after deep dewatering, was down to 55.85%wt.
Ultrasound had strong breaking action on cell wall in the sludge. The ultrasonic parameters had significant effects. The higher ultrasound power or the longer action time was, the more extracellular polymers degraded, and the higher concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and COD in the aqueous phase were. In the case with no conditioners, SRF and deep dewatering performance of the irradiated sludge first reduced and then increased with the increase of the sludge degradation.
引文
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