视频会议系统的研究与设计
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摘要
随着信息化的发展,人们迫切需要一种集音频、视频、数据交流为一体的多媒体交流方式,而视频会议系统就是基于这种需求而产生。视频会议系统属于新型的会议服务,是以Intranet(企业网、局域网)、WAN(广域网)为运行平台,为企业、公司、机构及事业单位提供基于视频、音频、电子白板、文字等形式的实时互动交流的网络多媒体交流系统。
视频会议系统的框架复杂性,使得其开发成本高,限制了系统研发的灵活性和扩展性。本文使用开源的OpenH323 Library平台设计了一个纯软件的视频会议系统,实现了能在普通PC机上应用的终端,并对终端上对系统质量影响较大的音视频同步问题提出了算法改进。
本文首先研究了国际电信联盟制定的多媒体通信标准H.323,具体分析了H.323标准的体系结构、协议栈原理以及H.323体系内部的通信过程,着重分析了视频会议系统通信过程中涉及到的两个重要协议H.255.0呼叫信令协议和H.245媒体控制协议。
然后,使用澳大利亚的Equivalence Pty Ltd公司开发的OpenH323平台,对视频会议系统的框架进行了设计。在设计过程中,对该平台对应于H.323协议的源代码进行了代码分析,并提出了改进,而且在此平台的基础上对视频会议系统进行了设计和实现。
最后,在视频会议终端上的实现上,重点研究了音频和视频处理模块的实现。这两个模块分别采用Microsoft公司提供的Waveform Audio API和VFW包来实现音视频处理模块的采集、压缩和回放等功能。同时,本文还对于终端传输过程中关乎视频会议系统质量的音视频同步问题进行了深入的探讨。
本文对开源代码所做的深入剖析和改进,为在开源上进一步开发多功能的多媒体视频会议系统提供了开发和研究的基础。本文开发的视频会议系统建立在开源平台上,运行环境稳定,性价比高,灵活性强,能够很好地满足商业目的,有较强的实用价值。
With the development of information, people need some way to centralize the audio、video and data communication. The video conference is based on this. As an new way for conference service, video conference runs on the INTRANET and WAN, which provide a new network communication system to communicate video、audio and data for enterprise and government. It uses the advanced multi-media and network and clear network band to get clear video and audio effect.
As the result of complexity of video conference, its development cost highly. And it can't be developed aglity and expansibility. In this paper we use the OpenH323 Library which is open source to build a software video conference. We designed the terminal that can be used in commom PC. And we also give a improve arithmetic for audio and video synchronization which influent the quality of video conference.
In this paper, we first researched the H.323 protocol which established by ITU-T. We research its configuration of H.323 protocol,H.255.0 RAS protocol and H.245 media control protocol which is in the communication process.
Then we used the OpenH323 platform which developed by Equivalence Pty Ltd of Australia to design the whole frame of the video conference. And before this, we analyzed the resource code for OpenH323 platform. Based this, we designed the modules of the system detailed.
Last On the termination of the video conference system, we concentrated on researching the video module and audio module. For these two modules, we respective used the Waveform Audio API and VFW of Microsoft Ltd to implement them. Base this, we research the synchronization between video and audio which takes care the quality of the system.
In this paper we anatomied and improved the open source platform to give the research on the multi-media video conference system a good basis. The video conference system was developed in this paper is based on the open code source. It can runs steadily and satisfy the demand of the company. It also has a high ratio between function and price. So it gives excellent utility.
视频会议系统的框架复杂性,使得其开发成本高,限制了系统研发的灵活性和扩展性。本文使用开源的OpenH323 Library平台设计了一个纯软件的视频会议系统,实现了能在普通PC机上应用的终端,并对终端上对系统质量影响较大的音视频同步问题提出了算法改进。
本文首先研究了国际电信联盟制定的多媒体通信标准H.323,具体分析了H.323标准的体系结构、协议栈原理以及H.323体系内部的通信过程,着重分析了视频会议系统通信过程中涉及到的两个重要协议H.255.0呼叫信令协议和H.245媒体控制协议。
然后,使用澳大利亚的Equivalence Pty Ltd公司开发的OpenH323平台,对视频会议系统的框架进行了设计。在设计过程中,对该平台对应于H.323协议的源代码进行了代码分析,并提出了改进,而且在此平台的基础上对视频会议系统进行了设计和实现。
最后,在视频会议终端上的实现上,重点研究了音频和视频处理模块的实现。这两个模块分别采用Microsoft公司提供的Waveform Audio API和VFW包来实现音视频处理模块的采集、压缩和回放等功能。同时,本文还对于终端传输过程中关乎视频会议系统质量的音视频同步问题进行了深入的探讨。
本文对开源代码所做的深入剖析和改进,为在开源上进一步开发多功能的多媒体视频会议系统提供了开发和研究的基础。本文开发的视频会议系统建立在开源平台上,运行环境稳定,性价比高,灵活性强,能够很好地满足商业目的,有较强的实用价值。
With the development of information, people need some way to centralize the audio、video and data communication. The video conference is based on this. As an new way for conference service, video conference runs on the INTRANET and WAN, which provide a new network communication system to communicate video、audio and data for enterprise and government. It uses the advanced multi-media and network and clear network band to get clear video and audio effect.
As the result of complexity of video conference, its development cost highly. And it can't be developed aglity and expansibility. In this paper we use the OpenH323 Library which is open source to build a software video conference. We designed the terminal that can be used in commom PC. And we also give a improve arithmetic for audio and video synchronization which influent the quality of video conference.
In this paper, we first researched the H.323 protocol which established by ITU-T. We research its configuration of H.323 protocol,H.255.0 RAS protocol and H.245 media control protocol which is in the communication process.
Then we used the OpenH323 platform which developed by Equivalence Pty Ltd of Australia to design the whole frame of the video conference. And before this, we analyzed the resource code for OpenH323 platform. Based this, we designed the modules of the system detailed.
Last On the termination of the video conference system, we concentrated on researching the video module and audio module. For these two modules, we respective used the Waveform Audio API and VFW of Microsoft Ltd to implement them. Base this, we research the synchronization between video and audio which takes care the quality of the system.
In this paper we anatomied and improved the open source platform to give the research on the multi-media video conference system a good basis. The video conference system was developed in this paper is based on the open code source. It can runs steadily and satisfy the demand of the company. It also has a high ratio between function and price. So it gives excellent utility.
引文
[1]夏建洲.视频会议技术应用发展的新方向。电信技术,2002.9:14-15
[2]stephen Von Rump.视频通信的未来趋势.电信科学,2000.3:4-6
[3]徐贵宝,刘多.视频通信的现状与发展趋势.通信管理与技术,2007.2:11-15
[4]黄河.基于H.323的视频会议系统及在远程教育中的应用.广西广播电视大学学报,2006.12:20-24
[5]Shih,T.K.,Jung-Ken Chuang,Lin,N.H..He.A.Augmented video conferencing.Distributed Computing Systems Workshops,2003:47-53.
[6]王毓敏。H.323通讯标准解读.天津电大学报,2006.3:25-28
[7]卢海燕.H.323视频会议网守的研究与实现.电脑开发与应用,2004.11:22-24
[8]王丽君,樊蓉.基于/CP/IP网络视频会议系统的研究与设计.电声技术,2006.10:55-57
[9]刘海鹏。SIP协议简介及其与H.323协议的比较.科技咨询导报,2007,01:10
[10]Ce Wang:Griebel,S,Brandstein,M.Robust automatic video-conferencing with multiple cameras and microphones.Multimedia and Expo,2000:153-159
[11]周宁宁.基于H.323协议的视频通信原理。信息科技,2006,12:181-182
[12]张勇.河南煤炭视频会议系统分会场的建设.煤炭企业管理,2006。3:63
[13]Frick,O.Multimedia conferencing systems as building blocks for complex cooperative applications.Multimedia Software Development,1996:231-238
[14]Katsukura,M,Karahashi,T,Suganuma,T,Sugawara,K.,Kinoshita,T,Shiratori,N.Development of flexible network and flexible video conferencing system.Information Networking,1998:341-358
[15]刘冬喜.远程会议视频系统设计.铁道机车车辆工:人,2007.3:41-43
[16 Chanson,S.T,Hui,A.,Siu,E,Beier,I.,Koenig,H,Zuehlke,M..OCTOPUS-a scalable global multiparty video conferencing system.Computer Communications and Networks,1999:54-63
[17]蒋宾,李利军,管涛.基于增强现实的网络视频会议系统研究.计算机与数字工程,2006.1:27-29
[18]Sang Jin Kim,Hyun Chul Kang,Hae Jin Kim,Hee Kuck Oh,Young Shik Moon,Sung Han Park.Seodang:a desktop video conferencing system for collaborative learning.Circuits and Systems,1996.:67-76
[19]李伯中.高清晰视频会议系统中主要技术标准的分析.电力系统通信,2006.10:34-39
[20]Katsukura,M,Karahashi,T,Suganuma,T,Sugawara,K.,Kinoshita,T,Shiratori,N.Development of flexible network and flexible video conferencing system.Information Networking,1998:207-211
[21]Khine,M.S,Sharpe,L,Chun,H,Crawford,L,Gopinathan,S,Ngoh,M.S,Wong.AApplication of multipoint desktop video conferencing system(MDVC)for enhancement of trainee-supervisor discourse in teacher education.Advanced Learning Technologies,2001:287-292
[22]熊水平,蒋阳,杨秀朋.一种新型视频会议系统的设计研究.重庆科技学院学报,2007.3:15-19
[23]王禄东。网络视频会议系统研究.信息技术与信息化,2007.1:21-25
[24]邢林虎,朱志祥.基于网络监听的视频会议录制方法.西安邮电学院学报,2007.1:1-5
[25]冯运仿.企业视频会议系统的安全技术机制研究.网络安全技术与应用,2007.2:31-34
[26]王建宇.视频会议室的构建要求.科技咨询导报,2006.7:85
[27]蒋宾,李利军,管涛.基于增强现实的网络视频会议系统研究.计算机与数字工程,2006.1:82-85
[28]戴新华.H.323视频会议系统.中国金融电脑,2006.11:48-54
[29]莫晓峰.网络视频会议的廉价解决方案.中国金融电脑,2002.5:64-67
[30]刘冬喜.远程会议视频系统设计.铁道机车车辆工人,2007.3:19-25
[31]沈旭.一种实现视频捕捉的简单方法.计算机与信息技术,2006,11:68-71
[32]Freytes,M,Rodriguez,C.E,Marques,C.A.Real-time H.263+ video transmission on 802.11 wireless LANs.Information Technology:Coding and Computing,2001:51-62
[33]赵军.运营级视频会议系统规划与应用.山东通信技术,2006.9:16-19
[34]武静.基于H.323的视频会议终端技术.电信技术,2004.3:16-18
[35]马盈盈.基于开放性网络的视频会议系统.科技情报开发与经济,2005.10:208-209
[36]庄红涛,王亮.基于H.323的视频会议技术及实施案例.西部广播电视,2003.7:33- 35
[37]陆西宁,郑玉山2.基于H.263解压算法和UDP协议的多方视频会议系统.计算机工程与设计,2007.4:1578-1561
[38]齐丽凤,陈贺新,赵岩.音视频同步压缩编码算法.吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2007.3:13-17
[39]曹宁,闫朝敏.H.263压缩协议在H.323会议系统中的嵌入.计算机工程,2004.7:143-145
[40]Frick,O.Multimedia conferencing systems as building blocks for complex cooperative applications.Multimedia Software Development,1996:201-214
[41]Ling Chen.A conference control protocol for small scale video conferencing system.Advanced Communication Technology,2005,ICACT 2005:10-17
[42]Ruibiao Qiu,Kuhns,F,Cox,J.R..A conference control protocol for highly interactive video-conferencing.Global Telecommunications Conference,2002.:138-151
[43]Ruibiao Oiu,Kuhns,F,Cox,J.R..A conference control protocol for highly interactive video-conferencing.Global Telecommunications Conference,2002.:21-34
[44]Lai,K.C,Wang,S.C,Lun,D.A rate control algorithm using human visual system for video conferencing systems.Signal Processing,2002.6:128-139
[45]Sang Min Lee.Sangil Park New Implementation Of G.723.1 On Vector Processor For Video Conferencing System.Consumer Electronics,1997.1523-1531
[46]Bobadilla,J,Caballero,R,Hernandez,G.,Mengual,L.Design and Testing of two secure Video Conferencing applications based on JMF(Java Media Framework)and VIC(Video Conferencing Tool).Digital Telecommunications,2006.:239-246
[47]Kim,S.D,Jang,S.K.,Lee,J.,Ra,J.B,Kim,J.S,Joung,U,Choi,G.Y,Kim,J.D.Efficient hardware-software co-implementation of H.263 video codec.Multimedia Signal Processing,1998:356-367
[2]stephen Von Rump.视频通信的未来趋势.电信科学,2000.3:4-6
[3]徐贵宝,刘多.视频通信的现状与发展趋势.通信管理与技术,2007.2:11-15
[4]黄河.基于H.323的视频会议系统及在远程教育中的应用.广西广播电视大学学报,2006.12:20-24
[5]Shih,T.K.,Jung-Ken Chuang,Lin,N.H..He.A.Augmented video conferencing.Distributed Computing Systems Workshops,2003:47-53.
[6]王毓敏。H.323通讯标准解读.天津电大学报,2006.3:25-28
[7]卢海燕.H.323视频会议网守的研究与实现.电脑开发与应用,2004.11:22-24
[8]王丽君,樊蓉.基于/CP/IP网络视频会议系统的研究与设计.电声技术,2006.10:55-57
[9]刘海鹏。SIP协议简介及其与H.323协议的比较.科技咨询导报,2007,01:10
[10]Ce Wang:Griebel,S,Brandstein,M.Robust automatic video-conferencing with multiple cameras and microphones.Multimedia and Expo,2000:153-159
[11]周宁宁.基于H.323协议的视频通信原理。信息科技,2006,12:181-182
[12]张勇.河南煤炭视频会议系统分会场的建设.煤炭企业管理,2006。3:63
[13]Frick,O.Multimedia conferencing systems as building blocks for complex cooperative applications.Multimedia Software Development,1996:231-238
[14]Katsukura,M,Karahashi,T,Suganuma,T,Sugawara,K.,Kinoshita,T,Shiratori,N.Development of flexible network and flexible video conferencing system.Information Networking,1998:341-358
[15]刘冬喜.远程会议视频系统设计.铁道机车车辆工:人,2007.3:41-43
[16 Chanson,S.T,Hui,A.,Siu,E,Beier,I.,Koenig,H,Zuehlke,M..OCTOPUS-a scalable global multiparty video conferencing system.Computer Communications and Networks,1999:54-63
[17]蒋宾,李利军,管涛.基于增强现实的网络视频会议系统研究.计算机与数字工程,2006.1:27-29
[18]Sang Jin Kim,Hyun Chul Kang,Hae Jin Kim,Hee Kuck Oh,Young Shik Moon,Sung Han Park.Seodang:a desktop video conferencing system for collaborative learning.Circuits and Systems,1996.:67-76
[19]李伯中.高清晰视频会议系统中主要技术标准的分析.电力系统通信,2006.10:34-39
[20]Katsukura,M,Karahashi,T,Suganuma,T,Sugawara,K.,Kinoshita,T,Shiratori,N.Development of flexible network and flexible video conferencing system.Information Networking,1998:207-211
[21]Khine,M.S,Sharpe,L,Chun,H,Crawford,L,Gopinathan,S,Ngoh,M.S,Wong.AApplication of multipoint desktop video conferencing system(MDVC)for enhancement of trainee-supervisor discourse in teacher education.Advanced Learning Technologies,2001:287-292
[22]熊水平,蒋阳,杨秀朋.一种新型视频会议系统的设计研究.重庆科技学院学报,2007.3:15-19
[23]王禄东。网络视频会议系统研究.信息技术与信息化,2007.1:21-25
[24]邢林虎,朱志祥.基于网络监听的视频会议录制方法.西安邮电学院学报,2007.1:1-5
[25]冯运仿.企业视频会议系统的安全技术机制研究.网络安全技术与应用,2007.2:31-34
[26]王建宇.视频会议室的构建要求.科技咨询导报,2006.7:85
[27]蒋宾,李利军,管涛.基于增强现实的网络视频会议系统研究.计算机与数字工程,2006.1:82-85
[28]戴新华.H.323视频会议系统.中国金融电脑,2006.11:48-54
[29]莫晓峰.网络视频会议的廉价解决方案.中国金融电脑,2002.5:64-67
[30]刘冬喜.远程会议视频系统设计.铁道机车车辆工人,2007.3:19-25
[31]沈旭.一种实现视频捕捉的简单方法.计算机与信息技术,2006,11:68-71
[32]Freytes,M,Rodriguez,C.E,Marques,C.A.Real-time H.263+ video transmission on 802.11 wireless LANs.Information Technology:Coding and Computing,2001:51-62
[33]赵军.运营级视频会议系统规划与应用.山东通信技术,2006.9:16-19
[34]武静.基于H.323的视频会议终端技术.电信技术,2004.3:16-18
[35]马盈盈.基于开放性网络的视频会议系统.科技情报开发与经济,2005.10:208-209
[36]庄红涛,王亮.基于H.323的视频会议技术及实施案例.西部广播电视,2003.7:33- 35
[37]陆西宁,郑玉山2.基于H.263解压算法和UDP协议的多方视频会议系统.计算机工程与设计,2007.4:1578-1561
[38]齐丽凤,陈贺新,赵岩.音视频同步压缩编码算法.吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2007.3:13-17
[39]曹宁,闫朝敏.H.263压缩协议在H.323会议系统中的嵌入.计算机工程,2004.7:143-145
[40]Frick,O.Multimedia conferencing systems as building blocks for complex cooperative applications.Multimedia Software Development,1996:201-214
[41]Ling Chen.A conference control protocol for small scale video conferencing system.Advanced Communication Technology,2005,ICACT 2005:10-17
[42]Ruibiao Qiu,Kuhns,F,Cox,J.R..A conference control protocol for highly interactive video-conferencing.Global Telecommunications Conference,2002.:138-151
[43]Ruibiao Oiu,Kuhns,F,Cox,J.R..A conference control protocol for highly interactive video-conferencing.Global Telecommunications Conference,2002.:21-34
[44]Lai,K.C,Wang,S.C,Lun,D.A rate control algorithm using human visual system for video conferencing systems.Signal Processing,2002.6:128-139
[45]Sang Min Lee.Sangil Park New Implementation Of G.723.1 On Vector Processor For Video Conferencing System.Consumer Electronics,1997.1523-1531
[46]Bobadilla,J,Caballero,R,Hernandez,G.,Mengual,L.Design and Testing of two secure Video Conferencing applications based on JMF(Java Media Framework)and VIC(Video Conferencing Tool).Digital Telecommunications,2006.:239-246
[47]Kim,S.D,Jang,S.K.,Lee,J.,Ra,J.B,Kim,J.S,Joung,U,Choi,G.Y,Kim,J.D.Efficient hardware-software co-implementation of H.263 video codec.Multimedia Signal Processing,1998:356-367