轻集料的改性处理及其混凝土性能研究
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摘要
轻集料混凝土具有轻质高强,良好的耐久性,保温隔热性和抗震性等特点,这归功于轻集料自身的特性,与传统集料相比,轻集料具有质轻、内部多孔的独特结构。但是由于我国轻集料生产起步比较晚,工艺设备发展落后,导致我国生产的陶粒大多粒型单一、级配不好,吸水率大,密度偏大,强度相对较低。目前,重庆市高层建筑建设、大跨度桥梁为轻集料混凝土应用提供了广阔的发展空间,但由于重庆地区陶粒自身的不足,高强轻集料混凝土的发展受到一定程度的阻碍。
本文旨在利用重庆地区生产的陶粒配制高强陶粒混凝土,通过破碎、预湿、憎水以及裹灰等各种措施改变陶粒的特性以解决陶粒应用中的问题,并研究所得改性陶粒混凝土的基本性能。
试验结果表明:
①级配不理想的页岩陶粒可以通过破碎的方式使其变成连续级配,陶粒破碎以后,粒径变小,级配变好,筒压强度显著增加。用破碎陶粒取代一部分完整陶粒,在其他实验条件一致的情况下,随取代量的增加,混凝土的抗压强度增加。
②经预湿处理的陶粒,预湿1h后吸水率较小,拌制混凝土时基本不从浆体中吸水,拌和物流动性比未处理陶粒的混凝土拌和物好。随陶粒预湿程度的增加,混凝土早期强度下降很快,后期强度逐渐与未处理陶粒混凝土持平。
③经憎水处理的陶粒,其吸水率显著减小,当用1:16的比例稀释WKT憎水剂时,憎水处理效果最佳。经憎水处理后,混凝土拌和物的流动性变好,憎水陶粒混凝土拌和物的初始坍落度为195mm,未憎水的是160mm,且憎水后的坍落度经时损失比较小,其强度高于未憎水处理的陶粒混凝土的强度。
④经裹灰处理的陶粒,其吸水率显著减小,当裹灰比例(m陶粒:m混合灰)为3:2时效果最佳。经裹灰处理后,混凝土拌和物的粘聚性变好,密实度增加,混凝土抗压强度显著增加,裹灰陶粒混凝土的导热系数较小,当干容重为1500kg/m3时,导热系数为0.22 W/(m.K),与普通混凝土相比,其导热系数很低,保温隔热性能较好。
Lightweight aggregate concrete has the advantages of high strength, light weight, good durability, heat preservation thermal insulation, earthquake resistance and etc, thanks to the characteristics of lightweight aggregate. Compared with traditional aggregate, lightweight aggregate is light and has internal porous unique structure. But because we started to product the lightweight aggregate quite late, our process equipments’development was lag behind, resulting in most of ceramsite is single grain, grading is not good, water absorption is heavy, density is too large, and the intensity is low relatively. At present, construction of high-rise building and large span bridge in Chongqing provides a broad development space for the application of lightweight aggregate concrete, but because of its deficiencies, the development of high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete has been a certain degree of obstruction.
This paper aims to change the characteristics of ceramsite produced in Chongqing with various measures of crushing, pre-wetting, water-repellent and coating with compounded gel materials to plant high strength ceramsite concrete, and study the properties of concrete with modified ceramsite.
Test results show that:
①The ceramsite with unsatisfactory gradation can be broken into a continuous gradation, after crushing, the ceramsite’s particle size become smaller, grading change better, cylinder compressive strength increase significantly. With the same experimental conditions in other cases, use broken ceramsite replace part of complete ceramsite, the compressive strength increase with the substitution.
②After pre-wetting , the ceramsite’s water absorption is lower after pre-wet with 1h, hardly absorb from concrete mixture when mixing, the mixing content liquidity is better than untreated ceramsite mixture. With the degree of pre-wetting increasing, early strength of concrete decreased rapidly, but late strength gradually flat with untreated ceramsite concrete.
③After hydrophobic processing, the ceramsite’s water absorption reduce significantly, the effect is best when the proportion of WKT hydrophobic agent is 1:16. After treated, the mixing content liquidity is better, the initial slump is 195mm, while 160mm when the ceramsite is untreated. The slump loss is relatively small, its strength higher than untreated ceramsite concrete strength.
④After coating with different proportion compounded gel materials, the ceramsite’s water absorption reduce significantly, the effect is best when the proportion of ceramsite quality to compounded gel materials quality is 3:2. After coating with compounded gel materials, the adhesive aggregation become better, the density increase, the compressive increase significantly, the coefficient of thermal conductivity is small, its coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.22 w/(m.k) when the dry bulk density is 1500kg/m3, compared with ordinary concrete, its thermal conductivity is very small, and the insulation property is very good.
本文旨在利用重庆地区生产的陶粒配制高强陶粒混凝土,通过破碎、预湿、憎水以及裹灰等各种措施改变陶粒的特性以解决陶粒应用中的问题,并研究所得改性陶粒混凝土的基本性能。
试验结果表明:
①级配不理想的页岩陶粒可以通过破碎的方式使其变成连续级配,陶粒破碎以后,粒径变小,级配变好,筒压强度显著增加。用破碎陶粒取代一部分完整陶粒,在其他实验条件一致的情况下,随取代量的增加,混凝土的抗压强度增加。
②经预湿处理的陶粒,预湿1h后吸水率较小,拌制混凝土时基本不从浆体中吸水,拌和物流动性比未处理陶粒的混凝土拌和物好。随陶粒预湿程度的增加,混凝土早期强度下降很快,后期强度逐渐与未处理陶粒混凝土持平。
③经憎水处理的陶粒,其吸水率显著减小,当用1:16的比例稀释WKT憎水剂时,憎水处理效果最佳。经憎水处理后,混凝土拌和物的流动性变好,憎水陶粒混凝土拌和物的初始坍落度为195mm,未憎水的是160mm,且憎水后的坍落度经时损失比较小,其强度高于未憎水处理的陶粒混凝土的强度。
④经裹灰处理的陶粒,其吸水率显著减小,当裹灰比例(m陶粒:m混合灰)为3:2时效果最佳。经裹灰处理后,混凝土拌和物的粘聚性变好,密实度增加,混凝土抗压强度显著增加,裹灰陶粒混凝土的导热系数较小,当干容重为1500kg/m3时,导热系数为0.22 W/(m.K),与普通混凝土相比,其导热系数很低,保温隔热性能较好。
Lightweight aggregate concrete has the advantages of high strength, light weight, good durability, heat preservation thermal insulation, earthquake resistance and etc, thanks to the characteristics of lightweight aggregate. Compared with traditional aggregate, lightweight aggregate is light and has internal porous unique structure. But because we started to product the lightweight aggregate quite late, our process equipments’development was lag behind, resulting in most of ceramsite is single grain, grading is not good, water absorption is heavy, density is too large, and the intensity is low relatively. At present, construction of high-rise building and large span bridge in Chongqing provides a broad development space for the application of lightweight aggregate concrete, but because of its deficiencies, the development of high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete has been a certain degree of obstruction.
This paper aims to change the characteristics of ceramsite produced in Chongqing with various measures of crushing, pre-wetting, water-repellent and coating with compounded gel materials to plant high strength ceramsite concrete, and study the properties of concrete with modified ceramsite.
Test results show that:
①The ceramsite with unsatisfactory gradation can be broken into a continuous gradation, after crushing, the ceramsite’s particle size become smaller, grading change better, cylinder compressive strength increase significantly. With the same experimental conditions in other cases, use broken ceramsite replace part of complete ceramsite, the compressive strength increase with the substitution.
②After pre-wetting , the ceramsite’s water absorption is lower after pre-wet with 1h, hardly absorb from concrete mixture when mixing, the mixing content liquidity is better than untreated ceramsite mixture. With the degree of pre-wetting increasing, early strength of concrete decreased rapidly, but late strength gradually flat with untreated ceramsite concrete.
③After hydrophobic processing, the ceramsite’s water absorption reduce significantly, the effect is best when the proportion of WKT hydrophobic agent is 1:16. After treated, the mixing content liquidity is better, the initial slump is 195mm, while 160mm when the ceramsite is untreated. The slump loss is relatively small, its strength higher than untreated ceramsite concrete strength.
④After coating with different proportion compounded gel materials, the ceramsite’s water absorption reduce significantly, the effect is best when the proportion of ceramsite quality to compounded gel materials quality is 3:2. After coating with compounded gel materials, the adhesive aggregation become better, the density increase, the compressive increase significantly, the coefficient of thermal conductivity is small, its coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.22 w/(m.k) when the dry bulk density is 1500kg/m3, compared with ordinary concrete, its thermal conductivity is very small, and the insulation property is very good.
引文
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