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综采工作面气水喷雾粉尘防治技术及管理研究
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摘要
煤矿企业安全生产特别是综采工作面迫切需要有效的防尘技术和防尘管理方法解决高粉尘浓度环境问题。本文通过建立粉尘受力模型,研究粉尘捕集理论和喷雾降尘理论,提出了气水雾化喷雾系统在综采工作面采煤机截割部应用的理论依据;通过对西山煤电(集团)马兰矿12054工作面风流、粉尘分布和粉尘运移的现场实测,研究了采煤机顺风、逆风割煤情况下综采工作面粉尘分布和运移规律,特别是采煤机周围粉尘分布情况;利用Fluent模拟软件,模拟了综采工作面采煤机顺、逆风割煤时前、后滚筒受限空间粉尘分布规律,分析了滚筒旋转产生的漩涡风流和工作面均匀风流以及其耦合作用下对粉尘运移的影响;结合现场实测和模拟结果对比分析,研究设计了安装于采煤机摇臂处的喷雾除尘系统,现场应用证明本系统抑尘效果明显,司机周围粉尘浓度下降85%左右;通过分析综采工作面粉尘防治技术及管理过程中的主要难点,提出了新的粉尘防治思路,并结合马兰矿实际情况,详细制定了综采工作面防尘技术管理制度和措施。
Effective dust suppression technology and management methods had become anurgent need for safe production of coal mining enterprises. The theoretical basis forthe application of air-water spraying system in the shearer cutting unit was providedby means of esTablelishing the dust force model, studying on the dust trapping theoryand the water-spraying dust suppression theory. Through the field measurement ofairflow field, dust distribution and migration in the12054workface of Malan CoalMine of Xishan Coal Electricity Group Co., Ltd., the dust distribution and migrationregularity were studied at the case of shearer wind and headwind cutting coal, eventhe dust distribution around the shearer. The dust distribution regularity around thefront and back shearer drum was stimulated under the conditions of shearer wind andheadwind cutting coal with Fluent simulation software. The coupling action of vortexflow produced by rotary drum and uniform flow in the workface was analyzed for theeffect on dust migration. Combined with the analysis of field measurements andsimulation results, the spray dust removal system installed at the shearer rocker wasdesigned. This system had a significant effect on dust suppression with about85%dust concentration decreased around the shear driver. By analyzing the maindifficulties in the process of dust suppression technology and management in fullymechanized coal face, the new dust prevention and treatment ideas was put forward.Combined with the actual situation in Malan Coal Mine, the dust control technologymanagement system and measures were established in fully mechanized coal face.
引文
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