花山煤矿采煤工作面沿空留巷支护技术研究
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摘要
针对沿空留巷采矿方法在花山煤矿采煤工作面应用的问题,对花山煤矿采煤工作面沿空留巷支护技术进行了研究。通过分析了国内外沿空留巷技术及巷内和巷旁支护形式及其理论研究现状,指出了我国沿空留巷目前所存在的主要问题。论文主要开展了试验矿井煤系地层赋层条件与试验工作面布置及沿空留巷特点分析,沿空留巷的巷旁支护技术与沿空留巷带支护参数设计,水泥-粉煤灰浆液的配比试验,沿空留巷设计实施与分析,沿空留巷矿压显现规律与顶板垮落特征,沿空留巷安全技术措施等方面的研究,取得的主要研究结论和研究成果如下:
1)通过分析矿井煤岩层赋层状况、工作面运输巷支护形式和工作面支护方式,明确了试验工作面沿空留巷的条件,确定了试验工作面沿空留巷特点,指出了试验工作面沿空留巷实施的方法。
2)在对沿空留巷带支护强度(支柱垂直力)和岩块垮落冲击力(支柱切向力)计算的基础上,进行了沿空留巷带支护参数设计。
3)随着粉煤灰掺量的增加,粉煤灰浆液的比重及结石抗压强度也随之增加,而吸水率却逐渐降低;不同养护条件下,掺粉煤灰的浆体压强有明显影响,湿养护时间长,浆体强度增长率大。
4)根据支柱承受的垂直和切向载荷分析计算,确定了沿空留巷设计实施的技术要求;按“柔刚结合,先让后抗”沿空留巷带支护参数设计原则,进行了沿空留巷设计。
5)根据现场堆积矸石的密实度,提出了确定水泥+粉煤灰+固水剂+速凝剂的浆液配合比的方法。
6)提出了留巷灌浆加固作业、灌浆施工作业和喷浆加固施工作业的技术与方法。
7)指出了影响沿空留巷巷道变形的主要因素,确定了沿空留巷围岩变形的主要特征和沿空留巷矿压显现的一般规律。
8)指出了沿空留巷顶板垮落形式及特征,得到了沿空留巷顶板极限垮落高度及其规律;确定了沿空留巷支护荷载规律及支护荷载方式;提出了沿空留巷矿压控制方法。
Aimed at the problem of gob-side entry retaining mining method appling on coal mining face of Hua Shan mine coal, studied on gob-side entry retaining support technology of coal mining face of Hua Shan mine coal. Based on analysis of the research status on gob-side entry retaining technology, entry-in and roadside support form and theory in China and at abroad, the currently major problem existed in gob-side entry retaining in China was pointed out. In paper, analysisg on reserve conditions of test-mine coal measure strata, layout of test-workface and characteristics of gob-side entry retaining, design on roadside support technology of gob-side entry retaining and support parameter of gob-side entry retaining zone, experiment on ratio of cement-flyash serosity, analysis and implement on gob-side entry retaining design, strata behavior law and roof caving feature of gob-side entry retaining, and safety technology measures were studied in essay. The main conclusions and fruits of research was followed :
Fisrtly, based on analysis of reserve status of mine's coal and rock seam, support form of workface and transport lane, the conditions of test-workface gob-side entry retaining were clear out, the characteristics of test-workface gob-side entry retaining were fixed on, the implement methods of test-workface gob-side entry retaining were pointed out.
Secondly, based on the calculation from support intensity of gob-side entry retaining zone(the vertical force of prop) and wallop of rock caving(the tangential force of prop), support parameters of gob-side entry retaining zone were designed.
Thirdly, with the increasing of flyash admixture, the specific gravity of flyash serosity and the compressive strength of calculus were also increased, but water absorption was gradually reduced; Different conditions of curing had greatly different effect in the pressure of serosity with flyash, a longer time of wet curing, a higher growth rate of serosity strength.
Fourthly, based on the analysis calculation of the vertical and tangential load prop endured, the technical requirements of gob-side entry retaining design were confirmed. According to the principles of support parameters design, gob-side entry retaining was designed.
Fifthly, according to the spot compactness of piled gangue, the proportion method of the serosity integrated with cement, flyash, locked-in-liquid slurry and quick-setting agent was pointed out.
Sixthly, the technologies and methods of grout reinforce, grout construction and gunite reinforce and construction work in roadway retaining were pointed out.
Seventhly, the main factors impacted on roadway deformation of gob-side entry retaining were pointed out, the main characteristics of surrounded rock deformation and universal law of strata behavior were fixed on.
Finally, the form and features of roof caving were pointed out, the high-point of roof caving was calculated; The support load law and form of gob-side entry retaining were comfirmed, strata control method of gob-side entry retaining was pointed out.
1)通过分析矿井煤岩层赋层状况、工作面运输巷支护形式和工作面支护方式,明确了试验工作面沿空留巷的条件,确定了试验工作面沿空留巷特点,指出了试验工作面沿空留巷实施的方法。
2)在对沿空留巷带支护强度(支柱垂直力)和岩块垮落冲击力(支柱切向力)计算的基础上,进行了沿空留巷带支护参数设计。
3)随着粉煤灰掺量的增加,粉煤灰浆液的比重及结石抗压强度也随之增加,而吸水率却逐渐降低;不同养护条件下,掺粉煤灰的浆体压强有明显影响,湿养护时间长,浆体强度增长率大。
4)根据支柱承受的垂直和切向载荷分析计算,确定了沿空留巷设计实施的技术要求;按“柔刚结合,先让后抗”沿空留巷带支护参数设计原则,进行了沿空留巷设计。
5)根据现场堆积矸石的密实度,提出了确定水泥+粉煤灰+固水剂+速凝剂的浆液配合比的方法。
6)提出了留巷灌浆加固作业、灌浆施工作业和喷浆加固施工作业的技术与方法。
7)指出了影响沿空留巷巷道变形的主要因素,确定了沿空留巷围岩变形的主要特征和沿空留巷矿压显现的一般规律。
8)指出了沿空留巷顶板垮落形式及特征,得到了沿空留巷顶板极限垮落高度及其规律;确定了沿空留巷支护荷载规律及支护荷载方式;提出了沿空留巷矿压控制方法。
Aimed at the problem of gob-side entry retaining mining method appling on coal mining face of Hua Shan mine coal, studied on gob-side entry retaining support technology of coal mining face of Hua Shan mine coal. Based on analysis of the research status on gob-side entry retaining technology, entry-in and roadside support form and theory in China and at abroad, the currently major problem existed in gob-side entry retaining in China was pointed out. In paper, analysisg on reserve conditions of test-mine coal measure strata, layout of test-workface and characteristics of gob-side entry retaining, design on roadside support technology of gob-side entry retaining and support parameter of gob-side entry retaining zone, experiment on ratio of cement-flyash serosity, analysis and implement on gob-side entry retaining design, strata behavior law and roof caving feature of gob-side entry retaining, and safety technology measures were studied in essay. The main conclusions and fruits of research was followed :
Fisrtly, based on analysis of reserve status of mine's coal and rock seam, support form of workface and transport lane, the conditions of test-workface gob-side entry retaining were clear out, the characteristics of test-workface gob-side entry retaining were fixed on, the implement methods of test-workface gob-side entry retaining were pointed out.
Secondly, based on the calculation from support intensity of gob-side entry retaining zone(the vertical force of prop) and wallop of rock caving(the tangential force of prop), support parameters of gob-side entry retaining zone were designed.
Thirdly, with the increasing of flyash admixture, the specific gravity of flyash serosity and the compressive strength of calculus were also increased, but water absorption was gradually reduced; Different conditions of curing had greatly different effect in the pressure of serosity with flyash, a longer time of wet curing, a higher growth rate of serosity strength.
Fourthly, based on the analysis calculation of the vertical and tangential load prop endured, the technical requirements of gob-side entry retaining design were confirmed. According to the principles of support parameters design, gob-side entry retaining was designed.
Fifthly, according to the spot compactness of piled gangue, the proportion method of the serosity integrated with cement, flyash, locked-in-liquid slurry and quick-setting agent was pointed out.
Sixthly, the technologies and methods of grout reinforce, grout construction and gunite reinforce and construction work in roadway retaining were pointed out.
Seventhly, the main factors impacted on roadway deformation of gob-side entry retaining were pointed out, the main characteristics of surrounded rock deformation and universal law of strata behavior were fixed on.
Finally, the form and features of roof caving were pointed out, the high-point of roof caving was calculated; The support load law and form of gob-side entry retaining were comfirmed, strata control method of gob-side entry retaining was pointed out.
引文
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