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南华北盆地二叠系地层特征与页岩气勘探前景分析
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摘要
本文主要以沉积学、石油地质学、有机地球化学、页岩气最新相关研究成果为理论基础,综合运用地震、钻井、测井、野外取样、岩心等资料,研究了南华北二叠系地层中泥页岩的发育状况及其特征,对南华北页岩气有利区域进行了初步预测。
     南华北盆地的发育演化经历了漫长而复杂的过程,自古生代早期华北地台形成以来大致经历了克拉通盆地—陆内坳陷盆地—伸展断陷盆地的演化过程。现今南华北盆地多属于经过多期构造运动改造后中新生代盆地叠加在晚古生代陆表海盆地之上的叠合盆地。
     南华北晚古生代的沉积环境由早到晚经历了陆表海环境—海陆过渡环境—内陆环境的转变,相应的在垂向上形成了下部以碳酸盐台地沉积体系和堡岛沉积体系为主,中部以三角洲沉积体系为主,上部以河流和湖泊沉积体系为的沉积演化序列。平面上由北向南,内陆环境—过渡环境—陆表海环境呈带分布,并随时间发展,相带逐渐南移,最终全部转化为内陆沉积环境。南华北二叠系地层从下至上可划分为太原组、山西组、下石盒子组、上石盒子组以及孙家沟组,暗色泥页岩多发育于煤系地层之中,属滨岸沼泽以及三角洲沉积相。现今南华北地区二叠系地层主要存在于各个坳陷之中。
     南华北地区二叠系暗色泥岩有机质类型以III型为主,混有少量II型干酪根。太原组、山西组及下石盒子组有机质丰度较高,上石盒子组丰度较低。有机质基本处于成熟—过成熟阶段。通过对二叠系泥页岩样品测试得出,石英含量较高,有超过一半含量大于50%,粘土矿物中主要以高岭石和伊/蒙互层矿物为主,伊利石和绿泥石含量均较低,有利于天然气的吸附和进行储层压裂。
     通过对南华北地区二叠系暗色泥页岩的烃源岩特征、储层物性、含气性等方面的研究,采用类比法对南华北地区页岩气发育的有利区进行了预测。
Based on the sedimentology, petroleum geochenmistry and latest research onshale gas. Integrated with use of seismic、logging、field samping core date.Studies thePermian strata in southern North China shale development of its characteristics,preliminary preciticts the favorable region of southern North China Province of shalegas.
     The development and evolution of basin in southern North China hasexperienced a long and complex process since the initially formed the north chinaplatform. Early Paleozoic cratonic basins-intracontinental sag basin—extensional riftbasin evolution process. Today’s Basins of southern North China are mostly Mesozoic—Cenozoic basins in the transformation of the multi—phase tectonic movement, andsuperiposed on the Late Paleozoic epicontinental sea basin.
     The southern North China Late Paleozoic depositional environment has gonethrough the epicontinental environment—paralic environment—inland environment.Form in the vertical corresponding to the lower part of the carbonate platformdeposition system and the Fort island deposition the delta deposition system in thecentral part the upper part of the sedimentary sequences for the river and lacustrinedepositional system. From north to south inland environment—the transition—theepeiric sea environment was distributed and developed over time.phase graduallymoved south, eventually completely converted to the inland depositionalenverionment. Southern North China Permian strata from the bottom can be dividedinto the Taiyuan Formation Shanxi Formation Lower Shihezi Formation UpperShihezi Formation and Sunjiagou Formation,dark shale usually developed in amongthe coal—bearing strata, is coastal marshand and delta sedimentary facies. Permianstrata of the southern North China today into each depression.
     Souther North China Permian dark shale organic type mainly dominatedkerogen type III, Mixing with a small amount of kerogen type II.Except ShangshiheziFormation,all the Formation of Permian have a high total organic carbon. Organic matter are basically at maturity—over maturity stage. Obtained from Permian shalesample test, most of sample has a high quartz content more than half of the contentgreater than50%interbeded mineral kaolinite and illite/Mongolia based clay minerals,illite and chlorite were lower,in favor of gas adsorption and reservoir fracturing.
     By studying of the Permian dark shale's source rock feature, reservoirproperties gas content of southern North China, And using analogy method predictfavorable region of southern North China province of shale gas.
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