灌区运行状况及可持续发展评价研究
|
摘要
我国是一个农业大国,也是一个灌溉大国,灌区在我国的社会经济发展进程中占有重要的地位。然而,目前我国大部分灌区由于年久失修,老化病损现象严重,运行难以为继,灌区续建配套与节水改造项目建设势在必行。鉴于此,本文以辽宁省东港灌区为例,对其运行状况及可持续发展水平进行综合评价,从而为国家对灌区进行改造建设的先后顺序及资金分配提供依据。本论文主要研究内容及结果如下:
(1)介绍了我国灌区的基本情况,包括灌区的定义、分类及发展历程,概括了灌区在国民经济中的地位及作用,并指出目前我国灌区发展的困难与机遇。
(2)总结了灌区评价指标体系的建立原则及存在的问题,提出了一种灌区评价指标体系建立方法:为保证评价指标体系的全面性和代表性,以中国灌溉排水发展中心提出的灌区现状评价指标体系为基础,尝试引入Spearman秩相关系数法,并结合专家咨询法,建立了一套较为合理的灌区评价指标体系,此方法具有一定的创新性和通用性。最后归纳了几种灌区综合评价模型,并指出了灌区综合评价研究存在的问题及研究动态。
(3)给出了几种有代表性的评价指标主客观赋权方法——专家打分法、层次分析法、序关系分析法、基于粗集理论的属性重要度赋权法、变异系数法、熵值法、拉开档次法、简单关联函数法,归纳总结了这些方法的适用条件及优缺点,在此基础上提出了基于博弈论的综合赋权法,使指标权值的确定更加合理;
(4)模糊综合评判模型是对受到多个因素影响的事物做出全面评价的一种有效的多因素决策方法,在国民经济的各个领域中都有广泛的应用,本文将该模型用于灌区运行状况综合评价之中,采用变异系数法和序关系分析法确定指标的主客观权重,利用博弈论的方法对指标赋予综合权重。评价结果显示,东港灌区的运行状况都有显著的提高,且友谊灌区的提高幅度最大。该模型得到的评价结果不仅可以对灌区进行横向比较,还可以对灌区进行纵向比较,且评价结果与实际情况相吻合。
(5)可拓评价借助可拓学这个形式化的工具,通过建立多指标参数的评定模型来完整地反映事物的综合水平。本文针对该模型的不足对其作了一定的改进,首先在确定待评物元关于各类别等级的关联度时,对评价指标进行规格化处理,其次采用综合赋权法,克服了传统的可拓评价模型赋权过程中单纯依靠指标数据而忽略了指标自身属性的问题。采用改进后的可拓评价模型对灌区进行综合评价,得到灌区等级变量特征值。与其它评价方法相比,该方法不仅可以对灌区进行排序,而且还能给出灌区所属的等级及对该等级的所属程度。
(6)本文提出了基于集对分析同异反态势度的灌区可持续发展评价模型,该模型简单易懂,不受指标体系中指标个数多少的限制,而且无需对指标赋权,通过构造灌区工程管理状况、社会经济状况和生态环境状况协调发展的生长曲线指数表达式,揭示了三者之间相互影响和相互制约的协调发展关系。评价结果表明,东港灌区的可持续发展水平总体上呈现上升趋势,在2006年时,三个分区均为基本协调。评价结果具有较好的合理性,因此将该模型用于灌区的可持续发展评价是可行的,同时也为灌区的综合评价提供了一条新的途径。
China is a large agricultural country, meanwhile, it is an irrigated country, so the irrigation areas take a very important position in our national economy. However, now the aging and destruction of most irrigation structures in our courtry have been a widespread phenomenon. The irrigation areas are difficult to run, so it is imperative to perform the rebuilding and water-saving project. In view of that, this article conducts a comprehensive evaluation of running condition and sustainable development level for Donggang irrigation area in Liaoning. So that it can offer the basis of rebuilding order and fund allocation of irrigation areas. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) This acticle introduces the basic situation of irrigation area in our country, including the definition, classification and development process, generalizes the position and function of irrigation area in our national economy, and points out the difficulties and opportunities.
(2) This acticle generalizes the establishment principles and problems of evaluation indexes system, and introduces a method of establishing evaluation indexes: in order to satisfy integrality and representative, the spearman rank correlation coefficient is introduced based on the evaluation indexes system of irrigation area proposed by China Irrigation & Drainage Development Centre. Combined with experts consulting method, the paper proposes a set of evaluation index system of irrigation areas. This method is innovative and generalized. Based on comparing with various evaluation models, this article points out the existing problems and development trend of irrigation area evaluation research.
(3) Several representative weight determined methods are provided in this paper, which includes expert evaluating method, analytic hierarchy process, rank correlation analysis method, method of defining weight based on rough sets theory, variation coefficient method, entropy method, grad scale-up method, simple correlation function method. This acticle generalizes the advantages and disadvantages of them and their application conditions. Based on these, this acticle puts forward a comprehensive weight defining method based on game theory. Through the method, index weight can be more reasonable.
(4) Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is an effective multi-factor decision model, and it is widely used in every aspect of national economy. In this peper, the model is used to evaluate irrigation area's running condition. The objective weight is defined by variation coefficient method, the subjective weight is defined by rank correlation analysis method, and the comprehensive weight is defined by game theory method. The evaluation result shows that the running condition of Donggang irrigation area is increased, and the increased range of Youyi irrigation area is the most significant. Through the relative result, irrigation areas are compared not only in horizontal orientation but also in longitudinal orientation, and the result fits the actual condition well.
(5) By means of extension, a formalized tool, extension assessment model can be used to reflect whole level of irrigation area by establishing evaluation model of multi-index parameters. The improved matter-element extension assessment model is introduced in this paper. At first, in order to eliminate the evaluation effect of different unit and dimension, the indexes data are normalized; secondly, the method uses the game theory to determine the index weight. Compared with the calculating weight method in original matter-element extension assessment model, it overcomes the deficiency of relying on index data whereas ignoring the importance of indexes. The improved model is developed to evaluate the running condition of irrigation areas, and the grade variable characteristic values are obtained. Compared with other methods, this method gives out grade of irrigation area exactly.
(6) A sustainable development evaluation model of irrigation area based on I.D.C. trend degrees of set pair analysis is put forward in this acticle. With simple form and theory, this model is not limitted on the numbers of evaluation indexes, and it is not necessary to define index weight in calculation process. An exponent model of coordinative development between the project condition, economy profit and eco-environment is set up, in which the coordinated development relationship of mutual influence and limit is revealed. The evaluation result shows that the whole trend of sustainable development level of irrigation area is increased, and it is approximately coordinative in 2006. The evaluation result is reasonable, so the model provides a feasible method for sustainable development evaluation for irrigation area, and supplies a new way for irrigation area evaluation.
(7) At last, this acticle summarizes the research conclusions, and gives out the characteristics and innovations. Besides, the problems needing further research are proposed in this acticle.
(1)介绍了我国灌区的基本情况,包括灌区的定义、分类及发展历程,概括了灌区在国民经济中的地位及作用,并指出目前我国灌区发展的困难与机遇。
(2)总结了灌区评价指标体系的建立原则及存在的问题,提出了一种灌区评价指标体系建立方法:为保证评价指标体系的全面性和代表性,以中国灌溉排水发展中心提出的灌区现状评价指标体系为基础,尝试引入Spearman秩相关系数法,并结合专家咨询法,建立了一套较为合理的灌区评价指标体系,此方法具有一定的创新性和通用性。最后归纳了几种灌区综合评价模型,并指出了灌区综合评价研究存在的问题及研究动态。
(3)给出了几种有代表性的评价指标主客观赋权方法——专家打分法、层次分析法、序关系分析法、基于粗集理论的属性重要度赋权法、变异系数法、熵值法、拉开档次法、简单关联函数法,归纳总结了这些方法的适用条件及优缺点,在此基础上提出了基于博弈论的综合赋权法,使指标权值的确定更加合理;
(4)模糊综合评判模型是对受到多个因素影响的事物做出全面评价的一种有效的多因素决策方法,在国民经济的各个领域中都有广泛的应用,本文将该模型用于灌区运行状况综合评价之中,采用变异系数法和序关系分析法确定指标的主客观权重,利用博弈论的方法对指标赋予综合权重。评价结果显示,东港灌区的运行状况都有显著的提高,且友谊灌区的提高幅度最大。该模型得到的评价结果不仅可以对灌区进行横向比较,还可以对灌区进行纵向比较,且评价结果与实际情况相吻合。
(5)可拓评价借助可拓学这个形式化的工具,通过建立多指标参数的评定模型来完整地反映事物的综合水平。本文针对该模型的不足对其作了一定的改进,首先在确定待评物元关于各类别等级的关联度时,对评价指标进行规格化处理,其次采用综合赋权法,克服了传统的可拓评价模型赋权过程中单纯依靠指标数据而忽略了指标自身属性的问题。采用改进后的可拓评价模型对灌区进行综合评价,得到灌区等级变量特征值。与其它评价方法相比,该方法不仅可以对灌区进行排序,而且还能给出灌区所属的等级及对该等级的所属程度。
(6)本文提出了基于集对分析同异反态势度的灌区可持续发展评价模型,该模型简单易懂,不受指标体系中指标个数多少的限制,而且无需对指标赋权,通过构造灌区工程管理状况、社会经济状况和生态环境状况协调发展的生长曲线指数表达式,揭示了三者之间相互影响和相互制约的协调发展关系。评价结果表明,东港灌区的可持续发展水平总体上呈现上升趋势,在2006年时,三个分区均为基本协调。评价结果具有较好的合理性,因此将该模型用于灌区的可持续发展评价是可行的,同时也为灌区的综合评价提供了一条新的途径。
China is a large agricultural country, meanwhile, it is an irrigated country, so the irrigation areas take a very important position in our national economy. However, now the aging and destruction of most irrigation structures in our courtry have been a widespread phenomenon. The irrigation areas are difficult to run, so it is imperative to perform the rebuilding and water-saving project. In view of that, this article conducts a comprehensive evaluation of running condition and sustainable development level for Donggang irrigation area in Liaoning. So that it can offer the basis of rebuilding order and fund allocation of irrigation areas. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) This acticle introduces the basic situation of irrigation area in our country, including the definition, classification and development process, generalizes the position and function of irrigation area in our national economy, and points out the difficulties and opportunities.
(2) This acticle generalizes the establishment principles and problems of evaluation indexes system, and introduces a method of establishing evaluation indexes: in order to satisfy integrality and representative, the spearman rank correlation coefficient is introduced based on the evaluation indexes system of irrigation area proposed by China Irrigation & Drainage Development Centre. Combined with experts consulting method, the paper proposes a set of evaluation index system of irrigation areas. This method is innovative and generalized. Based on comparing with various evaluation models, this article points out the existing problems and development trend of irrigation area evaluation research.
(3) Several representative weight determined methods are provided in this paper, which includes expert evaluating method, analytic hierarchy process, rank correlation analysis method, method of defining weight based on rough sets theory, variation coefficient method, entropy method, grad scale-up method, simple correlation function method. This acticle generalizes the advantages and disadvantages of them and their application conditions. Based on these, this acticle puts forward a comprehensive weight defining method based on game theory. Through the method, index weight can be more reasonable.
(4) Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is an effective multi-factor decision model, and it is widely used in every aspect of national economy. In this peper, the model is used to evaluate irrigation area's running condition. The objective weight is defined by variation coefficient method, the subjective weight is defined by rank correlation analysis method, and the comprehensive weight is defined by game theory method. The evaluation result shows that the running condition of Donggang irrigation area is increased, and the increased range of Youyi irrigation area is the most significant. Through the relative result, irrigation areas are compared not only in horizontal orientation but also in longitudinal orientation, and the result fits the actual condition well.
(5) By means of extension, a formalized tool, extension assessment model can be used to reflect whole level of irrigation area by establishing evaluation model of multi-index parameters. The improved matter-element extension assessment model is introduced in this paper. At first, in order to eliminate the evaluation effect of different unit and dimension, the indexes data are normalized; secondly, the method uses the game theory to determine the index weight. Compared with the calculating weight method in original matter-element extension assessment model, it overcomes the deficiency of relying on index data whereas ignoring the importance of indexes. The improved model is developed to evaluate the running condition of irrigation areas, and the grade variable characteristic values are obtained. Compared with other methods, this method gives out grade of irrigation area exactly.
(6) A sustainable development evaluation model of irrigation area based on I.D.C. trend degrees of set pair analysis is put forward in this acticle. With simple form and theory, this model is not limitted on the numbers of evaluation indexes, and it is not necessary to define index weight in calculation process. An exponent model of coordinative development between the project condition, economy profit and eco-environment is set up, in which the coordinated development relationship of mutual influence and limit is revealed. The evaluation result shows that the whole trend of sustainable development level of irrigation area is increased, and it is approximately coordinative in 2006. The evaluation result is reasonable, so the model provides a feasible method for sustainable development evaluation for irrigation area, and supplies a new way for irrigation area evaluation.
(7) At last, this acticle summarizes the research conclusions, and gives out the characteristics and innovations. Besides, the problems needing further research are proposed in this acticle.
引文
1.W.J.Conover.崔恒建译.2006.实用非参数统计.北京:人民邮电出版社,227-230.
2.鲍艳,胡振琪,柏玉等.2006.主成分聚类分析在土地利用生态安全评价中的应用.农业工程学报,22(8):87-90.
3.蔡文,杨春燕,林伟初.1997.可拓工程方法.北京:科学出版社,202-209.
4.蔡文柳,马士斌.2006.基于物元理论的人力资源综合评价方法.河北理工大学学报(社会科学版),6(4):61-65.
5.曹立军,王华东.1998.可持续发展评价指标体系建立原理与方法研究.环境科学学报,18(5):526-532.
6.陈昌春,黄贤金,吴玉柏.2004.灌区农业节水与土地可持续利用研究.干旱地区农业研究,22(4):135-142.
7.陈功.1994.宁夏扬黄新灌区生态环境变化及效益分析.宁夏农林科技,(3):9-13.
8.陈加兵,曾从盛.2001.主成分分析、聚类分析在土地评价中的应用.土壤,(5):243-245.
9.陈加良.2003.基于博弈论的组合赋权评价方法研究.福建电脑,(9):15-16.
10.陈玲.2003.灌区运行管理评价及GIS的应用研究.武汉:武汉大学硕士学位论文,11-17.
11.陈玲.2003.灌区运行管理评价及GIS的应用研究.武汉:武汉大学硕士学位论文,26-34.
12.陈守煜,王国利,朱文彬等.2001.大连市水资源、环境与经济协调可持续发展研究.水科学进展,12(4):504-508.
13.陈守煜.1998.工程水文水资源系统模糊分析理论与实践.大连:大连理工出版社,35-39.
14.陈耀辉,孙春燕.2001.模糊综合评判法中的最大隶属原则有效度.重庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),18(1):45-47.
15.崔远来,朱秀珍,李远华.2006.基于“纵横向”拉开档次法的灌区动态综合评价.灌溉排水学报,25(4):20-24.
16.邓红霞,李存军,朱兵等.2006.基于集对分析法的生态承载能力综合评价方法.长江科学院院报,23(6):35-38.
17.丁平,利崇光,李瑾.2006.我国灌溉用水管理体制改革及发展趋势.中国农村水利水电,(4):18-20.
18.方彬,崔远来,朱秀珍等.2003.湖北省灌区综合评价.水问题研究与进展--全国首届水问题研究学术研讨会论文集,273-277.
19.冯峰,邢广彦.2005.黄河下游引黄灌区可持续发展评价指标体系构成分析.黄河水利职业技术学院学报,17(3):15-17.
20.冯广志.2002.用水户参与灌溉管理与灌区改革.中国农村水利水电,(12):1-5.
21.冯广志.2004.灌区建筑物老化病害检测与评估.北京:中国水利水电出版社,417-418.
22.冯广志.2004.灌区建筑物老化病害检测与评估.北京:中国水利水电出版社,9-10.
23.冯国庆,李允,谭德辉.1999.模糊贴近度在储层识别中的应用.西南石油学院学报,21(4):46-49.
24.高洁,戴建新,王雪红.2004.可拓决策方法综述.系统工程理论方法应用,13(3):264-267.
25.葛岩,张更元,侯鹏飞.2005.辽宁省大型灌区现状的评价与分析.灌溉排水学报,2(3):42-46.
26.郭璐芸,刘蓓蕾.2005.基于变异系数法的上市公司经营业绩灰色关联评价.统计与决策,(2):18-19.
27.郭文献,夏自强,王鸿翔等.2007.基于模糊物元的水资源合理配置方案综合评价.灌溉排水学报,26(5):75-78.
28.郭亚军,潘建民,曹仲秋.2001.由时序立体数据表支持的动态综合评价方法.东北大学学报(自然科学版),22(4):464-467.
29.郭亚军,易平涛.2006.一种基于整体差异的客观组合评价法.中国管理科学,14(3):60-64.
30.郭亚军,于兆吉.2002.综合评价的合理性问题.东北大学学报(自然科学版),23(9):844-847.
31.郭亚军.2002.一种新的动态综合评价方法.管理科学学报,5(2):49-54.
32.郭亚军.2002.综合评价理论与方法.北京:科学出版社,10-12.
33.郭亚军.2007.综合评价理论、方法及应用.北京:科学出版社,36-42.
34.郭亚军.2007.综合评价理论、方法及应用.北京:科学出版社,6-8.
35.郭亚中,左洪福,王华伟.2006.基于粗糙集的民航飞机故障诊断规则获取方法.系统工程理论与实践,(11):139-144.
36.韩振中,闫冠宇,刘云波等.2002.大型灌区续建配套与节水改造评价指标体系的研究.中国农村水利水电,(7):17-21.
37.韩振中,姚宛艳,张顺尧.2002.大型灌区现状和节水改造紧迫程度评价.中国农村水利水电,(6):16-20.
38.贺瑞敏,张健云,王国庆等.2007.基于集对分析的广义水环境承载能力评价.水科学进展,18(5):730-735.
39.胡宝清,张轩,卢兆明.2003.可拓评价方法的改进及其应用研究.武汉大学学报(工学版),36(5):79-84.
40.胡宝清.2001.区域水环境质量的区间可拓评价方法及应用.中国工程科学,3(6):53-56.
41.胡和平,田富强.2004.灌区信息化建设.北京:中国水利水电出版社,192-195.
42.胡永宏,贺思辉.2000.综合评价方法.北京:科学出版社,32-33.
43.黄海,祝国瑞.2005.基于可拓学的土地整理潜力分析.国土资源科技管理,(6):64-68.
44.黄丽娟.2006.基于可拓评价的产品回收等级分类.工业工程,9(3):104-106.
45.黄显峰,邵东国.2005.我国灌区信息化建设面临的若干问题与对策.水资源保护,21(2):69-71.
46.黄元亮,陈宗海.2003.灰色关联理论中存在的不相容问题.系统工程理论与实践,(8):118-121.
47.姜开鹏.2004.建设生态灌区的思考--用生态文明观,拓展思路,促进可持续发展.中国农村水利水电,(2):7-10.
48.姜开鹏.2005.灌区对生态与环境的影响及有关问题思考.水利发展研究,(10):14-20.
49.姜文来,唐曲,雷波.2005.水资源管理学导论.北京:化学工业出版社,6-7.
50.蒋国勇,操华良.2006.参数投影寻踪模型在灌区运行状况综合评价中的应用.水土保持研究,13(5):87-89.
51.来海亮,汪党献,吴涤非.2006水资源及其开发利用综合评价指标体系.水科学进展,17(1):95-101.
52.雷声隆.1999.第一讲 中国灌区发展的困难与机遇.中国农村水利水电,(4):43-45.
53.李洪兴,汪培庄.1994.模糊数学.北京:国防工业出版社,116-120.
54.李慧伶,王修贵,崔远来等.2006.灌区运行状况综合评价的方法研究.水科学进展,17(4):543-548.
55.李现社,蒋任飞.2005.我国大型灌区节水改造分析研究.灌溉排水学报,24(5):46-49.
56.李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.2004.环境质量评价原理与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,18.
57.李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.2004.环境质量评价原理与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,36-42.
58.李祚泳,沈仕伦,邓新民,等.2000.社会、经济与环境协调发展指数评价模型.上海环境科学,19(5):201-204.
59.李祚泳.1991.层次分析法及其研究进展.自然杂志,14(12):904-907.
60.李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.2004.环境质量评价原理与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,192-206.
61.连建发,慎乃齐,张杰坤.2004.基于可拓方法的地下工程围岩评价研究.岩石力学与工程学报,23(9):1450-1453.
62.辽宁省东港市水利局.2004.东港灌区续建配套与节水改造工程情况汇报,6-7
63.刘昌明,陈志恺.2001.中国水资源现状评价和供需发展趋势分析.北京:中国水利水电出版社,114-115.
64.刘愿英,代世伟,范永贵等.2007.我国灌区农业水资源可持续利用问题探讨.干旱地区农业研究,25(6):157-162.
65.楼世博.1985.模糊集之父--L.A.Zadeh.模糊数学,(3):115-116.
66.卢敏,张展羽,石月珍.2006.集对分析法在水安全评价中的应用研究.河海大学学报(自然科学版),34(5):505-508.
67.卢玉邦,郭龙珠,郎景波.2006.综合评价方法在节水灌溉方式选择中的应用.农业工程学报,22(2):33-36.
68.马斌,解建仓,汪妮等.2001.宝鸡峡灌区综合利用水源工程的效益评价.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),29(4):97-102.
69.马涛,迟道才,李松.2006.东港灌区运行状况综合评价研究.中国农村水利水电,(11):14-16.
70.马涛,迟道才,林文华,金冶,李松.2007.基于粗集理论的灌区运行状况评价.节水灌溉,(5):17-19.
71.马涛,迟道才,王殿武,石丽忠,吴琼.2007.基于集对分析的灌区可持续发展评价研究.沈阳农业大学学报,38(6):841-844.
72.毛紫阳,吴孟达.2006.基于序关系的竞赛评委评价方法.数学的实践与认识,36(10):14-23.
73.茆智.2003.发展节水灌溉应注意的几个原则性技术问题.中国农村水利水电,(3):19-23.
74.门宝辉,梁川.2005.基于变异系数权重的水质评价属性识别模型.哈尔滨工业大学学报,37(10):1373-1375.
75.门宝辉.2004.选择节水灌溉方式的灰色关联投影法.沈阳农业大学学报,35(5-6):476-479.
76.米据生,吴伟志,张文修.2004.基于变精度粗糙集理论的知识约简方法.系统工程理论与实践,(1):76-82.
77.苗夺谦,范世栋.2002.知识的粒度计算及应用.系统工程理论与实践,(1):48-56.
78.欧阳彬生,何长高.2007.水资源可持续发展评价方法综述.江西水利科技,33(2):112-116.
79.庞南生,张洪青.2003.一种基于Spearman秩相关系数与熵的多属性决策方法.运筹与管理,12(5):52-56.
80.裴铁璠,梁文举,于系民.1999.自然灾害非参数统计方法.北京:科学出版社,388-414.
81.彭书凤,田盈.2007.基于改进主成分分析法的全国城市化水平研究.重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),24(3):69-73.
82.彭文启,张详伟.2005.现代水环境质量评价理论与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,201-204.
83.祁兴会,陈晓楠,邱林等.2007.基于三标度法的模糊物元模型在湖泊水质评价中的应用.节水灌溉,(3):38-40.
84.钱燮铭,裘江海.2000.水政监察实务.北京,中国水利水电出版社,192-193.
85.钱正英,张光斗.2001.中国可持续发展水资源战略研究综合报告及各专题报告.北京:中国水利水电出版社,126-127.
86.邱东,汤光华.1997.对综合评价几个阶段的再思考.统计教育,(4):25-27.
87.尚松浩.2006.水资源系统分析方法及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,147-252.
88.邵金花,刘贤赵.2006.基于集对分析的区域水资源开发利用综合评价.中国农村水利水电,(10):17-19.
89.沈荣开,冯广志,杨晴.2004.灌区节水改造规划.北京:中国水利水电出版社,3-4.
90.时光新,姜运轩,陈学山.2002.基于变异系数的地下水环境质量评价模型及应用.地下水,24(3):147-148.
91.舒卫萍,崔远来.2005.层次分析法在灌区综合评价中的应用.中国农村水利水电,(6):109-111.
92.水利部农村水利司.2001.全国大型灌区续建配套与节水改造规划报告.北京:中国水利水电出版社,7.
93.水利部农村水利司.2005.灌区节水改造规划编写指南.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1-3.
94.宋久鹏,董大伟,高国安.2002.基于层次分析法和灰色关联度的方案决策模型研究.西南交通大学学报,37(4):463-467.
95.宋松柏,蔡焕杰,徐良芳.2003.水资源可持续利用指标体系及评价方法研究.水科学进展,14(5):647-652.
96.宋之杰,高晓红.2002.一种多指标综合评价中确定指标权重的方法.燕山大学学报,26(1):20-22.
97.孙廷容,黄强,张洪波等.2006.基于粗集权重的改进可拓评价方法在灌区干旱评价中的应用.农 业工程学报,22(4):70-74.
98.腾凯,常利武,李杰.1995.讷全灌区干渠的整治方案及其模糊综合评价.灌溉排水,14(4):4-36.
99.万咸涛,陈进.2006.世界和中国水资源质量工作进展.水利水电快报,27(5):9-11.
100.汪泽焱,顾红芳,益晓新等.2003.一种基于熵的线性组合赋权法.系统工程理论与实践,(1):112-116.
101.王浩.2006.我国水资源合理配置的现状和未来.水利水电技术,37(2):7-14.
102.王鹤,韩英豪,张婷.2007.G1法在供电企业服务绩效评价中的应用研究.华北电力技术,(5):10-13.
103.王洪光,王国平.2002.集对分析用于大气环境质量评价.干旱环境监测,16(3):164-166.
104.王洪凯,姚炳学,胡海清.2003.基于粗集理论的权重确定方法.计算机工程与应用,36(2):20-21.
105.王慧敏,徐明,方乐润.2004.都江堰灌区可持续发展评价体系.灌溉排水学报,23(6):37-40.
106.王坚强.2002.一种新的优序综合评价的群决策方法.系统工程与电子技术,24(8):21-23.
107.王锦国,张乾飞,袁永生.2001.城市空气质量综合评价的可拓方法.中国环境监测,17(6):47-49.
108.王锦国,周志芳,袁永生.2002.可拓评价方法在环境质量综合评价中的应用.河海大学学报,30(1):15-18.
109.王靖,张金锁.2001.综合评价中确定权重向量的几种方法比较.河北工业大学学报,30(2):52-57.
110.王璐,庞皓.2007.综合评价中的指标选择方法.统计与决策,(1):58-59.
111.王顺久,侯玉,张欣莉等.2002.灌区改造综合评价的投影寻踪模型.灌溉排水,21(6):32-34.
112.王文森.2007.变异系数--一个衡量离散程度简单而有用的统计指标.中国统计,(6):41-42.
113.王星.2005.非参数统计.北京:中国人民大学出版社,186-190.
114.王学军,郭亚军等.2004.基于G1法的群决策集结分析.中国管理科学,12(专辑):14-16.
115.王学军,郭亚军等.2006.基于G1法的判断矩阵的一致性分析.中国管理科学,14(3):65-70.
116.王亚华.2007.中国治水转型:背景、挑战与前瞻.水利发展研究,(9):4-9.
117.谢季坚,刘承平.2005.模糊数学方法及其应用.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,1-2。
118.谢季坚,刘承平.2005.模糊数学方法及其应用.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,162-163.
119.徐泽水,达庆利.2002.多属性决策的组合赋权方法研究.中国管理科学,10(2):84-87.
120.许迪,龚时宏.2007.大型灌区节水改造技术支撑体系及研究重点.水利学报,38(7):806-811.
121.许迪,吴普特,梅旭荣等.2003.中国节水农业科技创新成效与进展.农业工程学报,19(3):5-9.
122.许静,雷声隆.2001.基于人工神经网络的灌区改造评价.灌溉排水,20(2):1-4.
123.姚杰,郭宗楼,陆琦.2004.灌区节水改造技术经济指标的综合主成分分析.水利学报,(10):106-111.
124.叶锦昭,卢如秀.1993.世界水资源概论.北京:科学出版社,1.
125.俞家慧,陈来宝.2004.淠史杭灌区水资源可持续利用对策探讨.中国水利,(11):36-37.
126.翟浩辉.2002.当前发展节水灌溉应注意的几个问题.中国农村水利水电,(11):1-4.
127.翟浩辉.2004.加大灌区改造力度,保障国家粮食安全.求是,(6):5-7.
128.张洪波,黄强,辛琛等.2006.水资源承载力可拓评价方法.大连理工大学学报,46(增刊):206-212.
129.张林英,周永章,杨国华等.2005.可持续发展指标体系研究简评.云南地理环境研究,17(5):86-91.
130.张卫民.2004.基于熵值法的城市可持续发展评价模型.厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),(2):109-115.
131.张文修,吴伟志.2000.粗集理论介绍与研究综述.模糊系统与数学,14(4):1-12.
132.张晓慧,冯英浚.2005.一种非线性模糊综合评价模型.系统工程理论与实践,(10):54-59.
133.张晓平.2003.模糊综合评判理论与应用研究进展.山东建筑工程学院学报,18(4):90-94.
134.张晓平.2004.基于贴近度的模糊综合评判结果的集化.山东大学学报(理学版),39(2.):25-29.
135.赵富德,付萍,徐启涛.2002.深化灌区改革,加快灌区发展.中国农村水利水电,(10):24-26.
136.赵克勤,宣爱理.1996.集对论--一种新的不确定性理论方法与应用.系统工程,14(1):18-24.
137.赵克勤.1994.集对分析及其初步应用.大自然探索,13(47):67-72.
138.赵克勤.1995.集对分析对不确定性的描述和处理.信息与控制,24(3):162-166.
139.赵克勤.1995.集对分析中的不确定性理论.大自然探索,14(54):87-88.
140.赵丽萍,徐维军.2002.综合评价指标的选择方法与实证分析.宁夏大学学报(自然科学版):23(2):144-146.
141.郑守仁.2002.世界淡水资源综合评估.武汉:科学技术出版社,53.
142.郑贤斌,陈国明.2006.基于SPA安全综合评价方法及其应用.哈尔滨工业大学学报,38(2):290-293.
143.周维博,李佩成.2003.干旱半干旱地域灌区水资源综合效益评价体系研究.自然资源学报,18(3):288-292.
144.周振民,张平,张金良.1996.引黄灌区工程老化模糊集合评判及防治对策.中国农村水利水电,(8):28-30.
145.朱伟,夏霆,姜谋余等.2007.城市河流水环境综合评价方法探讨.水科学进展,18(5):736-745.
146.朱宪生,冀春楼.2004.水利概论.郑州:黄河水利出版社,24-25.
147.朱秀珍,李远华,崔远来等.2004.运用灰色关联法进行灌区运行状况综合评价.灌溉排水学报,23(6):44-48.
148.朱秀珍.2005.大型灌区运行状况综合评价研究.武汉:武汉大学博士学位论文,106-108.
149.朱秀珍.2005.大型灌区运行状况综合评价研究.武汉:武汉大学博士学位论文,9-11.
150.朱瑶,陈凯麒,胡亚琼.2003.大型灌区目前存在的环境问题及解决措施方案初探.节水灌溉,(3):19-21.
151.祝小迁,程久苗,刘广栋等.2007.安徽省城市土地集约利用水平时空变化特征研究.国土与自然资源研究,(2):29-31.
152.Belousova A P.2000.A concept of forming a structure of ecological indicators and indexes for regions sustainable development.Environmental Geology,39(11):1227-1236.
153.Belton V,Gear A E.1983.On a short coming of Saaty's method of analytic hierarchy.Omega,11(3):228-230.
154.Belton Y.1986.A comparison of the analytic hierarch process and a simple multiple attribute value function.European Journal of Operational Research, (26): 7-21.
155.Bertoluzza C, Solci M, Capodieci M L.2001.Measure of a fuzzy set.Fuzzy Sets and System, 123 (1): 93-103.
156.Biju A.George, N.S.Raghuwanshi, R.Singh.2003.Development and testing of a GIS integrated irrigation scheduling model.Agricultural Water Management, (11) :221-237.
157.Biswas, A.K.1999.Water crisis: Current perceptions and future realities.Water Int,24 (4):363-367.
158.Bossel H.1999.Indicators of sustainable development: theory, method, application.International Institute of Sustainable Development.Winnipeg: Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Date,20-55.
159.Cai Wen, He Bin, et al.1998.Key strategy and coordination problem.Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Management.Beijing: China Higher Education Press, 125-131.
160.De R K, Basak J, Pal S K.1999.Neural-fuzzy feature evaluation with theoretical analysis.Neural Network,12 (10): 1429-1455.
161.Dennis Wichelns.2004.New polices are needed to encourage improvements in irrigation management.Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 130 (5): 366-372.
162.Eitan M A, 1999.Reducing error in neural network time series forecasting.Neural Computing and Applications, (4): 240-247.
163.F.Labbe, P.Ruelle, P.Garin, P.Leroy.2000.Modelling irrigation scheduling to analyse water management at farm level, during water shortages.European Journal of Agronomy, (5): 55-67.
164.Farsi M, Karam K.Z, Abdalla H H.1996.Intelligent multi-controller assessment using fuzzy logic.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,79 (1): 25-43.
165.Friedman J H.1984.Projection pursuit density estimation.J.Amer.Statist.Assoc,( 79): 599-608.
166.George.B.A., Shende.S.A.,Raghuwanshi.N.S.2000.Development and testing of an irrigation scheduling model.Agric.Water Manage.46 (2): 121-136.
167.Hector Malano, Martin Burton.2001.Guidelines for Benchmarking Performance in the Irrigation and Drainage sector.Knowledge synthesis Report No.5.Room,Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation.(8): 85-97.
168.1 Dimitras, R Slowinske, R Susmaga et al.1999.Business failure prediction using rough sets.European Journal of Operational Research, (114): 263-280.
169.Janet Riley.2001.Indicator quality for assessment of impact of multidisciplinary systems.Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, (87) : 121-128.
170.Jiang Huiyuan, Wang Wanxiang.2004.Application of principal component analysis in synthetic appraisal multi-objects decision making.Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) ,28 (3): 450-467.
171.Komaragiri Srinivasa Raju , C.R.S.Pillai.Multicriterion decision making in performance evaluation of an irrigation system[J].European Journal of Operation Research, 1999 ,(112) :479-488.
172.L.Mira da Silva, J.R.Park, J.D.H.Keatinge,ect.2001.I .A decision support system to improve planning and management in large irrigation schemes.Agricultural Water Management, (2): 187-201.
173.L.Mira da Silva, J.R.Park, J.D.H.Keatinge,ect.2001.Ⅱ.The use of the DSSIPM in the Alentejo region of southern Portugal.Agricultural Water Management, (2) :203-215.
174.Lee H M.1996.Group decision making using fuzzy sets theory for evaluating the rate of aggregative risk in software development.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,80 (3): 261-273.
175.Liou S M, Lo S L, Hu C Y.2003.Application of twp-stage set theory to river quality evaluation in Taiwan[J].Water Research, (37): 1406-1416.
176.Lo S M.1999.A fire safety assessment system for existing buildings.Fire Technology, 35 (2): 131-152.
177.M.Yercan, F.Dorsan, M.A.UI.Comparative analysis of performance criteria in irrigation schemes: a case study of Gediz river basin in Turkey[J].Agricultural Water Management, 2004:259-266.
178.Maier H R, Dandy G C.The use of artificial neural networks for the prediction of water quality parameters[J].Water resource, 1996, 32 (4): 1013-1022.
179.Mao Zhi.1989.Identification of causes poor performance of a typical large-sized irrigation scheme in south China.Modernization and Rehabilitation of Irrigation Schemes, (2): 13-15.
180.Mike Acreman.2001 .Ethical aspects of water and ecosystems.Water Policy, (3 ): 257-265.
181.Ministry of Water Resources.2002.National Water Policy.Ministry of Water Resources,Government of India.New Delh:l-10.
182.Negoita C V.1997.Applications of Fuzzy sets to systems analysis.Applied Economics Letters,(4): 497-501.
183.P.B.S.Sarma, V.V.Rao.1997.Evaluation of an irrigation water management scheme—a case study.Agricultural Water Management, (3): 181 -195.
184.Pawlak Z.1998.Rough sets theory and its application to data analysis.Cybernetics and Systems, (29): 661-688.
185.Qiang Fu, Hong Fu.2003.Applying PPE model based on RAGA in the investment decision-making of water saving irrigation project.Nature and Science, 1 (1): 57-58.
186.Saaty T L.1980.The Analytic Hierarchy Process, Priority, Resource Allocation.New York:McGraw-Hill, Inc., 287-305.
187.Sun Jiangguo.2000.A note on principal component analysis for multi-dimensional data. Statistics and Probability Letter, (46): 69-73.
188.Tipping J.1998.Assessing the value of your technology.Research Technology Management,21 (5): 25-30.
189.V.M.Chowdary, N.H.Rao, P.B.S.Sarma.2003.GIS-based decision support system for groundwater assessment in large irrigation project areas.Agricultural Water Management,(1) :229-252.
190.Vanegas L V, Labib A W.2001.Application of new fuzzy-weighted average method to engineering design evaluation.International Journal of Production Research,39 (6): 1147-1162.
191.World Bank.1998.World Development Indicators.The World Bank, 34-36.192.Z.S.Xu, C.P.Wei.1999.A consistency improving method in the Analytic Hierarchy Process.European Journal of Operational Research,l 16 (2): 443-449.
193.Z.S.Xu.2000.Generalized chi square method for the estimation of weights.Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 107 (1): 183-192.
194.Zhang Shilin.2006.The solution to poor data bank using rough sets theory.Engineering Sciences, 4 (1): 94-97.
195.ZHOU Lei, SHU Lan.2006.Rough Set Model Based on New Set Pair Analysis[J].模糊系统与数学,20(4)：111-116．
2.鲍艳,胡振琪,柏玉等.2006.主成分聚类分析在土地利用生态安全评价中的应用.农业工程学报,22(8):87-90.
3.蔡文,杨春燕,林伟初.1997.可拓工程方法.北京:科学出版社,202-209.
4.蔡文柳,马士斌.2006.基于物元理论的人力资源综合评价方法.河北理工大学学报(社会科学版),6(4):61-65.
5.曹立军,王华东.1998.可持续发展评价指标体系建立原理与方法研究.环境科学学报,18(5):526-532.
6.陈昌春,黄贤金,吴玉柏.2004.灌区农业节水与土地可持续利用研究.干旱地区农业研究,22(4):135-142.
7.陈功.1994.宁夏扬黄新灌区生态环境变化及效益分析.宁夏农林科技,(3):9-13.
8.陈加兵,曾从盛.2001.主成分分析、聚类分析在土地评价中的应用.土壤,(5):243-245.
9.陈加良.2003.基于博弈论的组合赋权评价方法研究.福建电脑,(9):15-16.
10.陈玲.2003.灌区运行管理评价及GIS的应用研究.武汉:武汉大学硕士学位论文,11-17.
11.陈玲.2003.灌区运行管理评价及GIS的应用研究.武汉:武汉大学硕士学位论文,26-34.
12.陈守煜,王国利,朱文彬等.2001.大连市水资源、环境与经济协调可持续发展研究.水科学进展,12(4):504-508.
13.陈守煜.1998.工程水文水资源系统模糊分析理论与实践.大连:大连理工出版社,35-39.
14.陈耀辉,孙春燕.2001.模糊综合评判法中的最大隶属原则有效度.重庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),18(1):45-47.
15.崔远来,朱秀珍,李远华.2006.基于“纵横向”拉开档次法的灌区动态综合评价.灌溉排水学报,25(4):20-24.
16.邓红霞,李存军,朱兵等.2006.基于集对分析法的生态承载能力综合评价方法.长江科学院院报,23(6):35-38.
17.丁平,利崇光,李瑾.2006.我国灌溉用水管理体制改革及发展趋势.中国农村水利水电,(4):18-20.
18.方彬,崔远来,朱秀珍等.2003.湖北省灌区综合评价.水问题研究与进展--全国首届水问题研究学术研讨会论文集,273-277.
19.冯峰,邢广彦.2005.黄河下游引黄灌区可持续发展评价指标体系构成分析.黄河水利职业技术学院学报,17(3):15-17.
20.冯广志.2002.用水户参与灌溉管理与灌区改革.中国农村水利水电,(12):1-5.
21.冯广志.2004.灌区建筑物老化病害检测与评估.北京:中国水利水电出版社,417-418.
22.冯广志.2004.灌区建筑物老化病害检测与评估.北京:中国水利水电出版社,9-10.
23.冯国庆,李允,谭德辉.1999.模糊贴近度在储层识别中的应用.西南石油学院学报,21(4):46-49.
24.高洁,戴建新,王雪红.2004.可拓决策方法综述.系统工程理论方法应用,13(3):264-267.
25.葛岩,张更元,侯鹏飞.2005.辽宁省大型灌区现状的评价与分析.灌溉排水学报,2(3):42-46.
26.郭璐芸,刘蓓蕾.2005.基于变异系数法的上市公司经营业绩灰色关联评价.统计与决策,(2):18-19.
27.郭文献,夏自强,王鸿翔等.2007.基于模糊物元的水资源合理配置方案综合评价.灌溉排水学报,26(5):75-78.
28.郭亚军,潘建民,曹仲秋.2001.由时序立体数据表支持的动态综合评价方法.东北大学学报(自然科学版),22(4):464-467.
29.郭亚军,易平涛.2006.一种基于整体差异的客观组合评价法.中国管理科学,14(3):60-64.
30.郭亚军,于兆吉.2002.综合评价的合理性问题.东北大学学报(自然科学版),23(9):844-847.
31.郭亚军.2002.一种新的动态综合评价方法.管理科学学报,5(2):49-54.
32.郭亚军.2002.综合评价理论与方法.北京:科学出版社,10-12.
33.郭亚军.2007.综合评价理论、方法及应用.北京:科学出版社,36-42.
34.郭亚军.2007.综合评价理论、方法及应用.北京:科学出版社,6-8.
35.郭亚中,左洪福,王华伟.2006.基于粗糙集的民航飞机故障诊断规则获取方法.系统工程理论与实践,(11):139-144.
36.韩振中,闫冠宇,刘云波等.2002.大型灌区续建配套与节水改造评价指标体系的研究.中国农村水利水电,(7):17-21.
37.韩振中,姚宛艳,张顺尧.2002.大型灌区现状和节水改造紧迫程度评价.中国农村水利水电,(6):16-20.
38.贺瑞敏,张健云,王国庆等.2007.基于集对分析的广义水环境承载能力评价.水科学进展,18(5):730-735.
39.胡宝清,张轩,卢兆明.2003.可拓评价方法的改进及其应用研究.武汉大学学报(工学版),36(5):79-84.
40.胡宝清.2001.区域水环境质量的区间可拓评价方法及应用.中国工程科学,3(6):53-56.
41.胡和平,田富强.2004.灌区信息化建设.北京:中国水利水电出版社,192-195.
42.胡永宏,贺思辉.2000.综合评价方法.北京:科学出版社,32-33.
43.黄海,祝国瑞.2005.基于可拓学的土地整理潜力分析.国土资源科技管理,(6):64-68.
44.黄丽娟.2006.基于可拓评价的产品回收等级分类.工业工程,9(3):104-106.
45.黄显峰,邵东国.2005.我国灌区信息化建设面临的若干问题与对策.水资源保护,21(2):69-71.
46.黄元亮,陈宗海.2003.灰色关联理论中存在的不相容问题.系统工程理论与实践,(8):118-121.
47.姜开鹏.2004.建设生态灌区的思考--用生态文明观,拓展思路,促进可持续发展.中国农村水利水电,(2):7-10.
48.姜开鹏.2005.灌区对生态与环境的影响及有关问题思考.水利发展研究,(10):14-20.
49.姜文来,唐曲,雷波.2005.水资源管理学导论.北京:化学工业出版社,6-7.
50.蒋国勇,操华良.2006.参数投影寻踪模型在灌区运行状况综合评价中的应用.水土保持研究,13(5):87-89.
51.来海亮,汪党献,吴涤非.2006水资源及其开发利用综合评价指标体系.水科学进展,17(1):95-101.
52.雷声隆.1999.第一讲 中国灌区发展的困难与机遇.中国农村水利水电,(4):43-45.
53.李洪兴,汪培庄.1994.模糊数学.北京:国防工业出版社,116-120.
54.李慧伶,王修贵,崔远来等.2006.灌区运行状况综合评价的方法研究.水科学进展,17(4):543-548.
55.李现社,蒋任飞.2005.我国大型灌区节水改造分析研究.灌溉排水学报,24(5):46-49.
56.李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.2004.环境质量评价原理与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,18.
57.李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.2004.环境质量评价原理与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,36-42.
58.李祚泳,沈仕伦,邓新民,等.2000.社会、经济与环境协调发展指数评价模型.上海环境科学,19(5):201-204.
59.李祚泳.1991.层次分析法及其研究进展.自然杂志,14(12):904-907.
60.李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.2004.环境质量评价原理与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,192-206.
61.连建发,慎乃齐,张杰坤.2004.基于可拓方法的地下工程围岩评价研究.岩石力学与工程学报,23(9):1450-1453.
62.辽宁省东港市水利局.2004.东港灌区续建配套与节水改造工程情况汇报,6-7
63.刘昌明,陈志恺.2001.中国水资源现状评价和供需发展趋势分析.北京:中国水利水电出版社,114-115.
64.刘愿英,代世伟,范永贵等.2007.我国灌区农业水资源可持续利用问题探讨.干旱地区农业研究,25(6):157-162.
65.楼世博.1985.模糊集之父--L.A.Zadeh.模糊数学,(3):115-116.
66.卢敏,张展羽,石月珍.2006.集对分析法在水安全评价中的应用研究.河海大学学报(自然科学版),34(5):505-508.
67.卢玉邦,郭龙珠,郎景波.2006.综合评价方法在节水灌溉方式选择中的应用.农业工程学报,22(2):33-36.
68.马斌,解建仓,汪妮等.2001.宝鸡峡灌区综合利用水源工程的效益评价.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),29(4):97-102.
69.马涛,迟道才,李松.2006.东港灌区运行状况综合评价研究.中国农村水利水电,(11):14-16.
70.马涛,迟道才,林文华,金冶,李松.2007.基于粗集理论的灌区运行状况评价.节水灌溉,(5):17-19.
71.马涛,迟道才,王殿武,石丽忠,吴琼.2007.基于集对分析的灌区可持续发展评价研究.沈阳农业大学学报,38(6):841-844.
72.毛紫阳,吴孟达.2006.基于序关系的竞赛评委评价方法.数学的实践与认识,36(10):14-23.
73.茆智.2003.发展节水灌溉应注意的几个原则性技术问题.中国农村水利水电,(3):19-23.
74.门宝辉,梁川.2005.基于变异系数权重的水质评价属性识别模型.哈尔滨工业大学学报,37(10):1373-1375.
75.门宝辉.2004.选择节水灌溉方式的灰色关联投影法.沈阳农业大学学报,35(5-6):476-479.
76.米据生,吴伟志,张文修.2004.基于变精度粗糙集理论的知识约简方法.系统工程理论与实践,(1):76-82.
77.苗夺谦,范世栋.2002.知识的粒度计算及应用.系统工程理论与实践,(1):48-56.
78.欧阳彬生,何长高.2007.水资源可持续发展评价方法综述.江西水利科技,33(2):112-116.
79.庞南生,张洪青.2003.一种基于Spearman秩相关系数与熵的多属性决策方法.运筹与管理,12(5):52-56.
80.裴铁璠,梁文举,于系民.1999.自然灾害非参数统计方法.北京:科学出版社,388-414.
81.彭书凤,田盈.2007.基于改进主成分分析法的全国城市化水平研究.重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版),24(3):69-73.
82.彭文启,张详伟.2005.现代水环境质量评价理论与方法.北京:化学工业出版社,201-204.
83.祁兴会,陈晓楠,邱林等.2007.基于三标度法的模糊物元模型在湖泊水质评价中的应用.节水灌溉,(3):38-40.
84.钱燮铭,裘江海.2000.水政监察实务.北京,中国水利水电出版社,192-193.
85.钱正英,张光斗.2001.中国可持续发展水资源战略研究综合报告及各专题报告.北京:中国水利水电出版社,126-127.
86.邱东,汤光华.1997.对综合评价几个阶段的再思考.统计教育,(4):25-27.
87.尚松浩.2006.水资源系统分析方法及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,147-252.
88.邵金花,刘贤赵.2006.基于集对分析的区域水资源开发利用综合评价.中国农村水利水电,(10):17-19.
89.沈荣开,冯广志,杨晴.2004.灌区节水改造规划.北京:中国水利水电出版社,3-4.
90.时光新,姜运轩,陈学山.2002.基于变异系数的地下水环境质量评价模型及应用.地下水,24(3):147-148.
91.舒卫萍,崔远来.2005.层次分析法在灌区综合评价中的应用.中国农村水利水电,(6):109-111.
92.水利部农村水利司.2001.全国大型灌区续建配套与节水改造规划报告.北京:中国水利水电出版社,7.
93.水利部农村水利司.2005.灌区节水改造规划编写指南.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1-3.
94.宋久鹏,董大伟,高国安.2002.基于层次分析法和灰色关联度的方案决策模型研究.西南交通大学学报,37(4):463-467.
95.宋松柏,蔡焕杰,徐良芳.2003.水资源可持续利用指标体系及评价方法研究.水科学进展,14(5):647-652.
96.宋之杰,高晓红.2002.一种多指标综合评价中确定指标权重的方法.燕山大学学报,26(1):20-22.
97.孙廷容,黄强,张洪波等.2006.基于粗集权重的改进可拓评价方法在灌区干旱评价中的应用.农 业工程学报,22(4):70-74.
98.腾凯,常利武,李杰.1995.讷全灌区干渠的整治方案及其模糊综合评价.灌溉排水,14(4):4-36.
99.万咸涛,陈进.2006.世界和中国水资源质量工作进展.水利水电快报,27(5):9-11.
100.汪泽焱,顾红芳,益晓新等.2003.一种基于熵的线性组合赋权法.系统工程理论与实践,(1):112-116.
101.王浩.2006.我国水资源合理配置的现状和未来.水利水电技术,37(2):7-14.
102.王鹤,韩英豪,张婷.2007.G1法在供电企业服务绩效评价中的应用研究.华北电力技术,(5):10-13.
103.王洪光,王国平.2002.集对分析用于大气环境质量评价.干旱环境监测,16(3):164-166.
104.王洪凯,姚炳学,胡海清.2003.基于粗集理论的权重确定方法.计算机工程与应用,36(2):20-21.
105.王慧敏,徐明,方乐润.2004.都江堰灌区可持续发展评价体系.灌溉排水学报,23(6):37-40.
106.王坚强.2002.一种新的优序综合评价的群决策方法.系统工程与电子技术,24(8):21-23.
107.王锦国,张乾飞,袁永生.2001.城市空气质量综合评价的可拓方法.中国环境监测,17(6):47-49.
108.王锦国,周志芳,袁永生.2002.可拓评价方法在环境质量综合评价中的应用.河海大学学报,30(1):15-18.
109.王靖,张金锁.2001.综合评价中确定权重向量的几种方法比较.河北工业大学学报,30(2):52-57.
110.王璐,庞皓.2007.综合评价中的指标选择方法.统计与决策,(1):58-59.
111.王顺久,侯玉,张欣莉等.2002.灌区改造综合评价的投影寻踪模型.灌溉排水,21(6):32-34.
112.王文森.2007.变异系数--一个衡量离散程度简单而有用的统计指标.中国统计,(6):41-42.
113.王星.2005.非参数统计.北京:中国人民大学出版社,186-190.
114.王学军,郭亚军等.2004.基于G1法的群决策集结分析.中国管理科学,12(专辑):14-16.
115.王学军,郭亚军等.2006.基于G1法的判断矩阵的一致性分析.中国管理科学,14(3):65-70.
116.王亚华.2007.中国治水转型:背景、挑战与前瞻.水利发展研究,(9):4-9.
117.谢季坚,刘承平.2005.模糊数学方法及其应用.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,1-2。
118.谢季坚,刘承平.2005.模糊数学方法及其应用.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,162-163.
119.徐泽水,达庆利.2002.多属性决策的组合赋权方法研究.中国管理科学,10(2):84-87.
120.许迪,龚时宏.2007.大型灌区节水改造技术支撑体系及研究重点.水利学报,38(7):806-811.
121.许迪,吴普特,梅旭荣等.2003.中国节水农业科技创新成效与进展.农业工程学报,19(3):5-9.
122.许静,雷声隆.2001.基于人工神经网络的灌区改造评价.灌溉排水,20(2):1-4.
123.姚杰,郭宗楼,陆琦.2004.灌区节水改造技术经济指标的综合主成分分析.水利学报,(10):106-111.
124.叶锦昭,卢如秀.1993.世界水资源概论.北京:科学出版社,1.
125.俞家慧,陈来宝.2004.淠史杭灌区水资源可持续利用对策探讨.中国水利,(11):36-37.
126.翟浩辉.2002.当前发展节水灌溉应注意的几个问题.中国农村水利水电,(11):1-4.
127.翟浩辉.2004.加大灌区改造力度,保障国家粮食安全.求是,(6):5-7.
128.张洪波,黄强,辛琛等.2006.水资源承载力可拓评价方法.大连理工大学学报,46(增刊):206-212.
129.张林英,周永章,杨国华等.2005.可持续发展指标体系研究简评.云南地理环境研究,17(5):86-91.
130.张卫民.2004.基于熵值法的城市可持续发展评价模型.厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),(2):109-115.
131.张文修,吴伟志.2000.粗集理论介绍与研究综述.模糊系统与数学,14(4):1-12.
132.张晓慧,冯英浚.2005.一种非线性模糊综合评价模型.系统工程理论与实践,(10):54-59.
133.张晓平.2003.模糊综合评判理论与应用研究进展.山东建筑工程学院学报,18(4):90-94.
134.张晓平.2004.基于贴近度的模糊综合评判结果的集化.山东大学学报(理学版),39(2.):25-29.
135.赵富德,付萍,徐启涛.2002.深化灌区改革,加快灌区发展.中国农村水利水电,(10):24-26.
136.赵克勤,宣爱理.1996.集对论--一种新的不确定性理论方法与应用.系统工程,14(1):18-24.
137.赵克勤.1994.集对分析及其初步应用.大自然探索,13(47):67-72.
138.赵克勤.1995.集对分析对不确定性的描述和处理.信息与控制,24(3):162-166.
139.赵克勤.1995.集对分析中的不确定性理论.大自然探索,14(54):87-88.
140.赵丽萍,徐维军.2002.综合评价指标的选择方法与实证分析.宁夏大学学报(自然科学版):23(2):144-146.
141.郑守仁.2002.世界淡水资源综合评估.武汉:科学技术出版社,53.
142.郑贤斌,陈国明.2006.基于SPA安全综合评价方法及其应用.哈尔滨工业大学学报,38(2):290-293.
143.周维博,李佩成.2003.干旱半干旱地域灌区水资源综合效益评价体系研究.自然资源学报,18(3):288-292.
144.周振民,张平,张金良.1996.引黄灌区工程老化模糊集合评判及防治对策.中国农村水利水电,(8):28-30.
145.朱伟,夏霆,姜谋余等.2007.城市河流水环境综合评价方法探讨.水科学进展,18(5):736-745.
146.朱宪生,冀春楼.2004.水利概论.郑州:黄河水利出版社,24-25.
147.朱秀珍,李远华,崔远来等.2004.运用灰色关联法进行灌区运行状况综合评价.灌溉排水学报,23(6):44-48.
148.朱秀珍.2005.大型灌区运行状况综合评价研究.武汉:武汉大学博士学位论文,106-108.
149.朱秀珍.2005.大型灌区运行状况综合评价研究.武汉:武汉大学博士学位论文,9-11.
150.朱瑶,陈凯麒,胡亚琼.2003.大型灌区目前存在的环境问题及解决措施方案初探.节水灌溉,(3):19-21.
151.祝小迁,程久苗,刘广栋等.2007.安徽省城市土地集约利用水平时空变化特征研究.国土与自然资源研究,(2):29-31.
152.Belousova A P.2000.A concept of forming a structure of ecological indicators and indexes for regions sustainable development.Environmental Geology,39(11):1227-1236.
153.Belton V,Gear A E.1983.On a short coming of Saaty's method of analytic hierarchy.Omega,11(3):228-230.
154.Belton Y.1986.A comparison of the analytic hierarch process and a simple multiple attribute value function.European Journal of Operational Research, (26): 7-21.
155.Bertoluzza C, Solci M, Capodieci M L.2001.Measure of a fuzzy set.Fuzzy Sets and System, 123 (1): 93-103.
156.Biju A.George, N.S.Raghuwanshi, R.Singh.2003.Development and testing of a GIS integrated irrigation scheduling model.Agricultural Water Management, (11) :221-237.
157.Biswas, A.K.1999.Water crisis: Current perceptions and future realities.Water Int,24 (4):363-367.
158.Bossel H.1999.Indicators of sustainable development: theory, method, application.International Institute of Sustainable Development.Winnipeg: Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Date,20-55.
159.Cai Wen, He Bin, et al.1998.Key strategy and coordination problem.Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Management.Beijing: China Higher Education Press, 125-131.
160.De R K, Basak J, Pal S K.1999.Neural-fuzzy feature evaluation with theoretical analysis.Neural Network,12 (10): 1429-1455.
161.Dennis Wichelns.2004.New polices are needed to encourage improvements in irrigation management.Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 130 (5): 366-372.
162.Eitan M A, 1999.Reducing error in neural network time series forecasting.Neural Computing and Applications, (4): 240-247.
163.F.Labbe, P.Ruelle, P.Garin, P.Leroy.2000.Modelling irrigation scheduling to analyse water management at farm level, during water shortages.European Journal of Agronomy, (5): 55-67.
164.Farsi M, Karam K.Z, Abdalla H H.1996.Intelligent multi-controller assessment using fuzzy logic.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,79 (1): 25-43.
165.Friedman J H.1984.Projection pursuit density estimation.J.Amer.Statist.Assoc,( 79): 599-608.
166.George.B.A., Shende.S.A.,Raghuwanshi.N.S.2000.Development and testing of an irrigation scheduling model.Agric.Water Manage.46 (2): 121-136.
167.Hector Malano, Martin Burton.2001.Guidelines for Benchmarking Performance in the Irrigation and Drainage sector.Knowledge synthesis Report No.5.Room,Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation.(8): 85-97.
168.1 Dimitras, R Slowinske, R Susmaga et al.1999.Business failure prediction using rough sets.European Journal of Operational Research, (114): 263-280.
169.Janet Riley.2001.Indicator quality for assessment of impact of multidisciplinary systems.Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, (87) : 121-128.
170.Jiang Huiyuan, Wang Wanxiang.2004.Application of principal component analysis in synthetic appraisal multi-objects decision making.Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science and Engineering) ,28 (3): 450-467.
171.Komaragiri Srinivasa Raju , C.R.S.Pillai.Multicriterion decision making in performance evaluation of an irrigation system[J].European Journal of Operation Research, 1999 ,(112) :479-488.
172.L.Mira da Silva, J.R.Park, J.D.H.Keatinge,ect.2001.I .A decision support system to improve planning and management in large irrigation schemes.Agricultural Water Management, (2): 187-201.
173.L.Mira da Silva, J.R.Park, J.D.H.Keatinge,ect.2001.Ⅱ.The use of the DSSIPM in the Alentejo region of southern Portugal.Agricultural Water Management, (2) :203-215.
174.Lee H M.1996.Group decision making using fuzzy sets theory for evaluating the rate of aggregative risk in software development.Fuzzy Sets and Systems,80 (3): 261-273.
175.Liou S M, Lo S L, Hu C Y.2003.Application of twp-stage set theory to river quality evaluation in Taiwan[J].Water Research, (37): 1406-1416.
176.Lo S M.1999.A fire safety assessment system for existing buildings.Fire Technology, 35 (2): 131-152.
177.M.Yercan, F.Dorsan, M.A.UI.Comparative analysis of performance criteria in irrigation schemes: a case study of Gediz river basin in Turkey[J].Agricultural Water Management, 2004:259-266.
178.Maier H R, Dandy G C.The use of artificial neural networks for the prediction of water quality parameters[J].Water resource, 1996, 32 (4): 1013-1022.
179.Mao Zhi.1989.Identification of causes poor performance of a typical large-sized irrigation scheme in south China.Modernization and Rehabilitation of Irrigation Schemes, (2): 13-15.
180.Mike Acreman.2001 .Ethical aspects of water and ecosystems.Water Policy, (3 ): 257-265.
181.Ministry of Water Resources.2002.National Water Policy.Ministry of Water Resources,Government of India.New Delh:l-10.
182.Negoita C V.1997.Applications of Fuzzy sets to systems analysis.Applied Economics Letters,(4): 497-501.
183.P.B.S.Sarma, V.V.Rao.1997.Evaluation of an irrigation water management scheme—a case study.Agricultural Water Management, (3): 181 -195.
184.Pawlak Z.1998.Rough sets theory and its application to data analysis.Cybernetics and Systems, (29): 661-688.
185.Qiang Fu, Hong Fu.2003.Applying PPE model based on RAGA in the investment decision-making of water saving irrigation project.Nature and Science, 1 (1): 57-58.
186.Saaty T L.1980.The Analytic Hierarchy Process, Priority, Resource Allocation.New York:McGraw-Hill, Inc., 287-305.
187.Sun Jiangguo.2000.A note on principal component analysis for multi-dimensional data. Statistics and Probability Letter, (46): 69-73.
188.Tipping J.1998.Assessing the value of your technology.Research Technology Management,21 (5): 25-30.
189.V.M.Chowdary, N.H.Rao, P.B.S.Sarma.2003.GIS-based decision support system for groundwater assessment in large irrigation project areas.Agricultural Water Management,(1) :229-252.
190.Vanegas L V, Labib A W.2001.Application of new fuzzy-weighted average method to engineering design evaluation.International Journal of Production Research,39 (6): 1147-1162.
191.World Bank.1998.World Development Indicators.The World Bank, 34-36.192.Z.S.Xu, C.P.Wei.1999.A consistency improving method in the Analytic Hierarchy Process.European Journal of Operational Research,l 16 (2): 443-449.
193.Z.S.Xu.2000.Generalized chi square method for the estimation of weights.Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 107 (1): 183-192.
194.Zhang Shilin.2006.The solution to poor data bank using rough sets theory.Engineering Sciences, 4 (1): 94-97.
195.ZHOU Lei, SHU Lan.2006.Rough Set Model Based on New Set Pair Analysis[J].模糊系统与数学,20(4)：111-116．
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |